Benjamin Martyn to Richard Nevil Aldworth, June 15, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 26-27, concerning expences of Indian Relations.

Sir

In pursuance of His Majesty’s Command signified by you the 14th. of July last from his Grace the Duke of Bedford, referring to the Trustees the inclosed Letters and Papers from Col. [Alexander] Heron, relating to the Indian Account, and the Expence of the Boatmen &c.; That they might transmit the same, to be inspected and examined by their Agents in Georgia.

The Trustees did without Loss of time transmit Copies of the said Letters and Papers to Georgia, with proper Instructions for that Inspection and Examination; And having lately rec’d a Return thereto, the Particulars whereof are hereunto annex’d, it thereby appears; That the Stores and Provisions Lieut. Col. Heron found at Midsummer 1747, did belong to His Majesty, or the Trustees, and that the Provisions he rec’d since, were all at the Government’s Expence; And the whole were more than sufficient to defray all the Expence of the Frontier of Georgia during his Command at Frederica, there being a Remain when his Command ceased; And therefore that nothing is due to Lt. Col. Heron for the same, as appears also by a short State from the said Return inclosed.

But I am directed upon this Occasion to desire you to represent to his Grace the Duke of Bedford, that the Expences attending this Examination amount to £38.12.10 1/2 as by the annexed Particulars; And that Mr. Griffith Williams, who had been the Storekeeper at Frederica, having been obliged to return from South Carolina, whither he was gone to imbark for England, and detained three Months upon his own Expence on this Examination, which could not have been perfected without him, the Trustees do think that he is intitled to a Reward of £50.

And to represent likewise, that the Trustees have been obliged to pay £158,15.1 for Charges attending the Indians coming down to Savannah, To receive the Presents sent them by his Majesty in the Year 1748, for which no Reserve was made to answer the Expence thereof; All which amounting to £247.7.11 1/2, the Trustees desire his Grace to lay the same before their Excellencies the Lords Justices, for their Order of Reimbursement.

Benjamin Martyn to William Stephens, July 16, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 27, relieving him of his offices as Secretary and President. By the Charming Martha, Capt. John Lesslie.

Sir

The Remembrance which the Trustees have of your former Services, and of the Exactness of your Correspondence, has led them to believe, that the late Omissions with Regard to this, and the Execution of their Orders, have been owing to your Age & Infirmities, which must make the Fatigue of the Offices of President, and Secretary within the Province, too great for you. From this Consideration, and the Necessity there is of having a ready Obedience paid to their Orders, a vigorous Execution of them, and punctual Accounts of them transmitted from time to time. They have resolved to relieve you entirely from the said Fatigue, and have appointed Mr. James Habersham to succeed you as Secretary. The Trustees have likewise appointed Mr, Henry Parker Vice President of the Province, who is intrusted solely with the Execution of the Office of President, with the Title of Vice President; They reserve to you however the Title of President, in Order to preserve your Respect, and the Salary of £80 a Year, to secure you a proper Support.

Benjamin Martyn to Patrick Graham, July 16, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 28, informing him of his appointment to distribute Indian presents. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia having from a Consideration of the Age, and Infirmities of Wm. Stephens Esqr. resolved to relieve him from the Fatigue of acting as Agent in distributing the Presents sent by his Majesty to the Indians, in Conjunction with a Person appointed by the Govr. & Council of South Carolina; And They having receiv’d Proofs of your Diligence, Care, and Activity, in acting as Deputy to him, They have appointed you Agent for distributing the said Presents in his Stead.

Benjamin Martyn to James Fraser, July 16, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 28, informing him of his appointment as a Conservator of the Peace for Augusta. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia have appointed You a Conservator to keep the Peace in the Town of Augusta, and the Precincts thereof. The Appointment under the Trust Seal is sent over, and will be delive’d, or sent to you by Mr. Henry Parker, Vice President of the Province; And the Trustees have no Doubt from the character which They have rec’d of you from the President and Assistants, but you will deserve that Confidence, which They place in You.

Benjamin Martyn to Noble Jones, July 16, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 29, informing him of his appointment as an Assistant. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia have appointed you an Assistant in, and for the Province; And They hope that by your Care, and Attention to the Welfare of it, you will shew that They have not misplac’d their Confidence, which They repose in you. The Appointment under the Trust Seal is now sent over.

Benjamin Martyn to Vice President Henry Parker of Ga., July 14, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 29-39, concerning his service as an Assistant and Vice President, instructions, Salzburgers sent to Ga., uchee lands north of Ebenezer, Yamacraw lands, lands claimed by Thomas Bosomworth, vacant lots at Savannah, Orphan House, method of laying out lands, sale of Trustee cattle and horses, Salzburger industry and servants, change in land tenure, resurvey of lands, list of lots and holders, list of discharged soldiers settled in Ga., suspension of Samuel Marcer as Assistant, operation of Town Court of Savannah, appointments of officials, repairs of lighthouse, displacement of Peter Joubert as schoolmaster, silk encouragement and Elizabeth Anderson, assembly of people to meet, Indian trade, James Habersham appointed Secretary, four Frenchmen sent to Ga., James Woolford comes to Ga., estimate of Ga. expenses. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

I rec’d your Letter dated March 9th. 1749 by the hands of Mr. Griffith Williams June the 15th, and the same day I laid it before the Trustees, Who, to shew you They have a Regard to your past Services, have resolv’d to give you the Sum of £100.- Sterl. in Consideration of the Trouble you have had in acting for the President, on Account of his Age and Infirmities. The Trustees had in great part ascrib’d to these the Neglect of their Orders and Correspondences lately, and had therefore, before the Receipt of your Letter, resolv’d to continue him President (as to the Title only) with a Salary of £ 80 p Ann., but to supersede him as to the Execution of the Office, and likewise of the Offices of Secretary, and Commissioner for licensing the Indian Traders &c. At the same time, the Trustees having conceiv’d a good Opinion of your Prudence, Integrity, and Resolution, both from what they observ’d and heard of you, appointed You Vice President of the Province with a Salary of £ 50 p Ann. which together with your Salary and Allowance as first Bailiff, will They hope enable you to attend to the Publick Service, and at the same time to carry on the Improvements of your Plantation. The Trustees have no Doubt but you will support the Character and Duty of this Office of Vice President, with a proper Spirit and Application, and will see that all their Orders and Regulations are duly and strictly carried into Execution; For, as I said before, they have of late been much neglected, to the Trustees great Dissatisfaction.

You will receive by this Ship Instructions for your Conduct in general as Vice President, and will receive others by a Ship which will sail some time in next Month; And whatever further Instructions the Trustees may have to send you, they will be signified to you by me, as Secretary.

The Trustees expect you will take Care that Courts of Assistants are regularly held on a stated Day, at least once every Month, as the first Monday, or Tuesday, or-; And that publick Notice shall be given of such day, that the Inhabitants in every Part of the Province may know at what time to apply themselves to you on any Account without being disappointed; They also expect that full Minutes shall be taken, and kept of all your Proceedings, and sent over directed to me as Secretary (and Duplicates by other Ships) as often as Opportunities shall offer.

The Trustees send over by this Ship 61 Saltzburghers. Of these 24 (8 of whom are Men) pay their own Passage; And 37 (13 of whom are Men) go at the Trust Expence. As soon as they arrive, they must be sent to Ebenezer, and the Surveyor must be sent thither, in Order to lay out the Lots for those Men, who go at their own Expence, in such Places as Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius and they shall chuse. Those, who are sent at the Trust Expence, have sign’d a Contract to enter into Service (of the Saltzburghers they desire, and the Trustees intend) and as they are to have as usual one day out of six to work on their own Lots, These must be laid out as contiguous to their Masters, as conveniently can be.

I have often acquainted the President and Assistants, and particularly by Letters dated Janry-2d-1748/9 and Janry. 17th. 1749/30 that the Trustees directed them to sue their utmost Endeavours to engage the Uchee Indians to give up to the Trust the Lands lying a little above Ebenezer, in Order to be added to that Township. It seems the Indians do not inhabit, nor make Use of the said Lands, and these are become more necessary, as the Settlement of Ebenezer is so greatly increasing, for, besides the 61 Saltzburghers sent by this Ship, the Trustees have rec’d Petitions from Swisserland from many distress’d Protestants to be sent thither likewise. Upon this Account, the Trustees expect, and doubt not but, you will take Care, that no Time be lost in engaging those Indians, in a Friendly Way, to give up the said Lands, and this will be best accomplish’d the first time any Presents are deliver’d to them, and some extraordinary may be given them on that Account.

I likewise acquainted the President and Assistants in my Letter dated July 7th. 1749, that the Trustees directed them to inquire, whether any of the Yamacraw Indians are in Being, & whether (if there are) They have not abandon’d that Tract of Land lying near to the River Savannah, which They formerly inhabited, or if they would be inclin’d to surrender it to the Trustees. The Trustees have rec’d no Information about this. It appears that the Indians are ready to surrender this Land, for it is Part of that which Mr. Thomas Bosomworth pretends They have granted to him, Upon this Occasion. They must be told, that Bosomworth, as a Subject of his Majesty’s, cannot hold any Lands under such Grant, or under any, but what is made by those who have a proper Authority from his Majesty so to do, and Those are the Trustees; And that Bosomworth is liable to be punish’d for accepting any such Grants. The Indians may be ask’d, the first time any Presents are deliver’d to them, whether They chuse to give up this Land, and the Islands (claim’d by Bosomworth) to the King, or to Bosomworth? If they declare the first, the Trustees recommend it to you to have it done in the most publick manner, that it may be generally known; And in this Case, some extraordinary Presents may be given to those Indians also, if you see Occasion.

The Trustees think it absolutely necessary, that the Surveyor should make a Survey of this Land, and the Islands, and all other Lands claim’d by Bosomworth, under the beforementioned pretended Grants, and, as soon as he can, make a Report, sign’d by him, of the Number of Acres they severally contain; Which Report you must transmit by the first Opportunity to the Trustees.

The Trustees want also to be inform’d what Lots at Savannah granted under the Trust Grant to Thomas Christie, Joseph Hughes and William Calvert, are vacant, and how long they have been so, what is become of the former Possessors of them, and whether any Relations or Assigns of these have lately claim’d them or whether they are not forfeited to the Trust, and what Condition these are in, and the Buildings on them.

The Trustees recommend it to you, to inquire into the State of the Orphan House, and acquaint them with the Number of Children therein, their Ages, their Names, and how they are taken Care of, and employed.

The Trustees recommend it to you, that Care be taken, that in all the future Grants, and Settlements, which shall be made, these should be as contiguous as conveniently can be to those already made, that the Inhabitants may extend themselves gradually, and not be dispers’d, it being necessary for mutual Protection, as well as Assistance, that they should be near one another; And this is become more necessary since Negroes are introduc’d. They also recommend it to you, that every Man should, if possible, have a Mixture of high and low Lands, at least that some part of it should be such as he can raise the proper Number of Mulberry Trees on, which he will be required by the Negro Law to do.

The Trustees have heard some time, that the Stock of Cattle at the Cowpen is sold to Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius for the Use of the Saltzburghers; They find this confirm’d by the Proceedings of the President and Assistants, which came in the Box sent by the Nancy Captain White, and which I rec’d three days ago. They perceive there is a Dispute whether the Sum paid for the Cattle should be £400. or £ 350. St. As the Trustees think the Industry of the Saltzburghers deserves all the Encouragement They can give, They direct you and the Assistants to accept the last Sum of £ 350.

The Trustees have also heard, that the Houses, Mares, and Foals &c. belonging to the Trust, were to be sold at Auction; They expect to hear by the first Opportunity what the Produce of the Sale was, and that it is properly accounted for.

The Trustees approve of the giving to Mr. Bolzius from the Storehouse at Savannah the Iron, which lay there, in Order for his building another Saw Mill. They have resolv’d to give him also the Sum of £20 Sterl. towards the Repairs of his House; And in Order to defray the Expences of supporting a large Family of the Germans, sent over by Capt. Bogg, whom no Body would take as Servants; The Trustees allow of his Application of the Sum of £ 18 Sterl. rec’d by him, for the Redemption of the Servitude of three of the German Servants. Mr. Bolzius is not to pay for the Iron.

I acquainted the President and Assistants in my Letter to them, dated May 3d. 1750, that the Trustees had resolv’d to free the Grants of Land from the several Restrictions in them, and that all the Grants should be of an absolute Inheritance. This Resolution has been published several times in the London Gazettes, some of which are now sent over, in Order to be stuck up in the most publick Places in Savannah, and dispers’d about in the Towns and principal Settlements of the Province. The Release of the Grants from the Restrictions, under the Trust Seal, is likewise sent over, which must be immediately register’d in the proper Office, and lye open for the Inspection of the Inhabitants of the Province. Notice must also be given to all the Landholders, that Each of these should, as soon as conveniently he can, give to you and the Assistants in Writing, the Date of his former Grant, with a Description of the Lands, containing the Number of Acres, the Part of the Province where they lye, and how they are bounded; Which Accounts must be sent to the Trustees, as soon as you can, after they are deliver’d to you, that new Grants may be made out; under the Seal, upon this last Resolution, containing the several Descriptions of the Lands, in Order to ascertain the People’s Property in them. A limited Day must be nam’d for their giving in the Descriptions of their Lands, and, when all are deliver’d, the Surveyor must make a general Survey, and compare such Descriptions with the Places describ’d upon the Spot, to prevent Confusions which might arise by Incroachments one might make on another; And on a Report from you and the Assistants of the Surveyor’s Services herein, he will be consider’d by the Trustees for the same.

In my Letter dated Janry. 7th. 1749/50, to the President and Assistants, there was the following Paragraph, vizt. “There is another Point on which the Trustees have long desir’d explicit Accots. from you, as they are expected from them by the Auditor of the Plantations. You have sent over by the last Conveyance a List of the Inhabitants, and an account where they are settled; But this List is defective, as you have not always put down to each Inhabitant the Quantity of Land possess’d by them, or the time when they first occupied their Lots; Nor have you taken Notice what Lots, which were granted, are become vacant, or when they became so. You must therefore without Loss of time amend the List by supplying these Defects.” This Account Sir, the Trustees now expect from your Care and Diligence will be soon transmitted to them. Before I quit this Article, I must acquaint you, that the Trustees being attentive to every Thing, which may give a perfect Satisfaction to the Inhabitants, have resolv’d to petition his Majesty, when he returns to England, that the Quit Rents may be reduced from four to two Shillings for every 100 Acres.

The Trustees have been at a Loss to know how many of the Soldiers (who receiv’d the King’s Bounty of £5. each man, at the disbanding of the Regiment, on Condition they chose to stay in the Colony) have continu’d in it, where they are settled, and how they go on in their Improvements. The President and Assistants were directed by a Letter form me dated Janry. 2d. 1748, and by another Janry. 7th. 1749/50, to transmit a list of them by the first Opportunity. And this was more immediately necessary, because a Sum being granted by Parliament for the Maintenance of such Soldiers, and their Wives and Children for a Year, it was incumbent on the Trustees, and still continues so, to lay such a List before the proper Officers. This is another Point, in which the Trustees expect your Care and Diligence, in transmitting such a List, and of their Wives and Children, and an Account in what part of the Colony they are settled.

The Trustees find by the Proceedings of the President and Assistants, that on the 21st. of April 1750, Mr. Samuel Marcer was suspended from acting as an Assistant, by a Letter from the President, written by the Advice of the other Assistants for obstructing the publick Business, and for his contemptuous Behaviour. The Trustees think they should have been more explicit on this Occasion, and should have specified in what Instances, and in what manner be misbehav’d himself. This They require you now to do, and that the Charge against him by given to him, and that he be told he must give in his Answer thereto as soon as possible; And this with the Charge must be transmitted to them by the first Opportunity. In the mean time, They confirm the Suspension of him from acting as an Assistant; And They have likewise suspended him from acting as a Bailiff, ‘till he has clear’d himself from the Accusation. Upon this Occasion, the Trustees recommend it to you, to attend the Town Courts your Self, that there may be always two Bailiffs on the Bench when any Judicial Business is to be done. They hope that Justice is properly and regularly administer’d, but are surpris’d, that they have not for some Time rec’d any Accounts of the Proceedings of the Town Courts, the keeping and transmitting of which is part of the Business of the Recorder. The Trustees expect you will let them know, without any Partiality, how Mr. [Charles] Watson executes this Office.

The Trustees having heard a good Character of Mr. Noble Jones, have appointed him an Assistant, and the Appointment of him as such, under the Seal is now sent over, as is likewise the Appointment of Mr. James Fraser for a Conservator of the Peace at Augusta.

The Trustees have likewise appointed Mr. Patrick Graham Agent for distributing his Majesty’s Presents to the Indians in Georgia, in the Room of Mr. [William] Stephens.

The Trustees approve of Mr. John Penrose’s Appointment for Pilot at Tybee in the Room of David Cunningham, as he was so generally complain’d of. They are sorry to hear the Lighthouse is in so bad a Condition. Repairs in time might have prevented its being so, and the Trustees think this might have been done out of the Sum of £350 annually allowed in the Estimate for incidental Expences; Or, if the Expence of repairing it would have been too great to have been taken out of this, an Estimate of it should have been sent to them for their Orders. The Trustees expect you and the Assistants will use all possible Methods for supporting it, and send them an Account of the Disbursements upon this Account, and what may be further necessary to be done, and an Estimate of the Expence it will come to.

The Trustees approve of the President and Assistants displacing Mr. Peter Joubert from being Schoolmaster at Savanah, on Account of his Neglect and Drunkenness, for which he was complain’d of by Mr. [Bartholomew] Zouberbuhler.

I have not rec’d one Letter from Mr. Zouberbuhler since he went from hence last Year, which the Trustees are not a little surpris’d at.

In all my Letters of some Years past, I have acquainted the President and Assistants with the Trustees great Attention to the Culture of Silk. The Parliament, and indeed the Nation have now an Expectation of this Produce becoming considerable in Georgia; The Trustees therefore hope you will exert your Self in promoting it as much as lies in your Power. Eight Copper Basons are sent over by this Ship, and 16 more will be sent by another next month. There must be distributed among such as shall be found most ready and inclined to make Use of them; And on the first Notice from you that more will be wanted, they will immediately be sent. Mrs. [Elizabeth] Anderson in particular must be supplied with what Basons She wants. The Trustees hear She lives in a small House, and but badly accommodated; You must therefore provide her a larger Habitation, and such Accomodations and Materials as are necessary for feeding of Silk worms, reeling of Silk, and instructing other Women, the Expence of which you must acquaint them with. She must be encourag’d to instruct as many Women (whether white or black) as She can, in the Art of reeling, and the Trustees think it very proper that the Orphan Girls should attend her in the reeling time, in Order to be instructed. These will be intitled to the same Reward of £ 2 Sterl. each, which the Trustees have resolved to continue till Midsummer 1751 to each Woman, who shall acquire the said Art; And upon certifying the Services of Mrs. Anderson, and the Number of Women properly instructed by her from time to time, the Trustees will reward her accordingly, with which She must be acquainted. The Trustees expect you will inform them by the first Opportunity, whether She has yet instructed any Women, and if She has, the Names of them, and where They reside, and whether they have rec’d the Allowance of £ 2 Sterl. each for learning the said Art. In the mean time, if it shall appear to you and the Assistants, that She has been ready to instruct the People, and has been of Service in reeling of Silk, the Trustees direct you to give her, at your Discretion, a Sum not exceeding £20 Sterling as an Encouragement to her to persevere in her Industry.

The Trustees send over by this Ship the Appointment of an Assembly of the People to be held at the most leisure time before Lady Day next, such time to be settled by your Self as Vice President. The Constitution must be laid before the Assembly at their first Meeting by you, and the sooner they do meet the better, as whatever comes from the Assembly will carry the greater Weight. Tho the Appointment is only for this Year, it is design’d by the Trustees for an Annual Assembly, if the Event of the Experiment be answerable to their Hopes. They have for some time intended such an Assembly upon the Establishment of a Peace, for many Reasons, and one has been lately offer’d by the People themselves, vizt. Their Desire of preserving the Province, a separate and independent one. This you will easily see must be the probable Consequence of having an Assembly, if it is properly conducted.

As the Trustees have appointed You Commissioner for licensing the Indian Traders, They expect you will let them know from time to time what Numbers there are of those who trade in Georgia, and whether They take out their Licences duly at Savanah. Nothing will more readily conduce to the Prosperity of the Province than bringing Ships directly to Savanah, and they will soon come thither, when sure of Cargoes ready to be put on board; As therefore there are many Reasons to think the Traders would bring their Skins thither, if they could lodge them with Security from the Weather, and from Theft, the Trustees think it might be proper to have a publick Warehouse erected for this purpose at a convenient Place near the Wharf, where the Traders or Merchants might lodge their Skins, first putting a proper Mark on them to denote their Property, and paying for Warehouse Room what shall be judg’d reasonable (which might be propos’d by the Assembly) in proportion to the Number of their Skins and so likewise for the Weight or Quantity of other Goods; Such Payments to be as low as possible and ascertain’d, and a Table thereof hung up at the Warehouse Door, and a Penalty to be affixed upon the Officer, who shall demand more, and such Payments to be applied to the Maintenance of the Warehouse Keeper, and Repairs of the Warehouse. The Trustees direct you and the Assistants to take this into Consideration, and to send over to them by the first Opportunity, what you think should be the proper Dimensions of such a Warehouse, and an Estimate of the Expence of building it. At the same time, if there are any Merchants, who are desirous of having Warehouses of their own, you must assign them the most convenient Spots you can, without incroaching on the publick One. As the Storehouse is of little or no Use at present, the Trustees think this may be us’d as a Warehouse for Skins, but perhaps it may be too distant from the Wharf for heavy Goods.

The Trustees have appointed Mr. James Habersham, Secretary within the Province, with a Salary of £ 50 p Ann., in the Room of Mr. [William] Stephens. They hope that You and He, and all the Assistants will be careful and active in the Execution of these, and all their future Orders.

The Trustees send over by this Ship four French Men. vitz. Anthony Pages who has a Wife and Son aged 9 Years; Anthony le Sage, who has a Wife, Leonard Bodel, and Anthony Isaac le Bon. They must each of them have a Gun, and as two of them particularly understand the Culture of Silk, and the others are inclin’d to it, their Lots of 50 Acres each must be laid out contiguous to each other, and their Lands must be such as will be most proper for Mulberry Trees and Vines. These are all to have Provisions for twelve Months.

James Wool ford, who served eight Years in the Colony as a Servant to Mr. [William] Francis, is sent over with his Wife. His Lot must be laid out contiguous to Francis’s, and enlarg’d to 50 Acres. He is likewise to have a Gun, and, as he speaks the Indian Language, the Trustees would have you grant him a Licence for trading with the Indians.

You will receive by a Ship, that will sail some time in next month, an Estimate of all the Expences, which the Trustees intend to defray. In the mean time, as the Cattle at the Cowpen are dispos’d of, the Cowpenkeeper is struck out of the Estimate, as is likewise the publick Gardiner at Savanah; And so are the publick Midwife, and two Constables at Frederica, and the two Pilots at Jekyll, for the Trustees are inform’d there are few or no Persons now left at St. Simon’s.

Benjamin Martyn to James Habersham, July 18, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 39-40, appointment as Secretary, Harris and Habersham, silk culture, boat and runaway servants, confidence expressed in Habersham and Henry Parker, and more Germans for Ebenezer. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia have superseded Mr. [William] Stephens from the Office of Secretary, on Account of his great Age and Infirmities, to which They ascribe the late almost total Neglect of the Correspondence; And as They have appointed Mr. Henry Parker Vice President of the Province. They have appointed you Secretary with a Salary of £ 50 p Ann; And your Appointment is sent over by this Ship. You are besides continued an Assistant.

The Instructions for your Conduct are sent over with your Appointment, and you will receive the Trustees farther Orders from time to time, signified to you by me as Secretary; To whom They would have you direct your Letters, in Order to avoid that Confusion which must arise from a Variety of Correspondents. The Trustees are assur’d that They can depend on your Punctuality in Writing, and in Order to make the Correspondence more certain, They recommend it to you to find out a proper Person at Charles Town, to whose Care all the Letters and Packets to and from Georgia may be committed, for they have great Reason to believe that at least proper Care and Diligence have not hitherto been us’d by their Agent employ’d there. When you have found such a Person (which the Trustees fancy you will, by your Connexions with Merchants and others at Charles Town, be soon able to do) you will send his Name, and some Account of him, that the Trustees may consider what Stipend They shall allow him.

The Trustees are glad to find by your Letter to the Accountant dated May 17th. 1750,⁴³ you and your Partner Mr. [Francis] Harris have such a commodious Wharf at Savanah, and such a Demand for Lumber and the Produces of Georgia. They are extreamly pleas’d with what you say, that the Colony seems to thrive apace. Good Examples have a great Influence, and Habits of Virtue, and Industry may be as easily got, as Habits of Vice and Laziness, and they are strengthen’d and preserv’d by People’s finding the Sweets of them. The Trustees hope that the great Demand for Lumber, and for Indigo at present, will not make the Inhabitants unattentive to what should be their principal Object. vizt. the Culture of Silk, which may be carried on at the same time, and which will never fail to find a Market, when the others may; They hope therefore you will upon all Occasions, and by all the Means you can, exhort and encourage the Inhabitants to be active in the planting of Mulberry Trees, and Culture of Silk.

The Trustees have read and considered not only what you say about the ten Oar’d Boat, and the Runaway Servants, but what appears in the Proceedings of the President and Assistants relating thereto, and They have laid the whole before the Duke of Bedford Secretary of State.

I have written the Trustees Orders fully to Mr. [Henry] Parker the Vice President, and as I have not time to enlarge to you, the Letters being just going. I must refer you to his Letter; But I cannot conclude without saying, the Trustees have a great Confidence in both of you, and They don’t doubt but by his and your Attention to their Orders, and your Care and Spirit in executing them, you will merit this Confidence; And, by so doing, may soon see the Province in a flourishing Condition. At the same time, if there is any Thing which either of you can suggest to the Trustees, as necessary to be done for the Benefit of the Province, They expect you will, and you will always find in them the utmost Readiness to do what shall appear reasonable, and may be in their Power.

[P.S.] I believe you may soon expect another Imbarkation of German Protestants to be settled at Ebenezer.

Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, July 18, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 41-43, concerning German servants and settlers sent, sale of cattle to Salzburgers, gift of iron for sawmill at Ebenezer, gifts to Bolzius, change in land tenure, and assembly of the people. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

The Trustees are concern’d to find by your Letter to the Accountant dated Febry. 15th. 1749,⁴⁴ that you have had so much Trouble with some of the Servants, who were sent to you by Captain Bogg. Those People have made a very ungrateful Return to the Trustees for their Charity in taking such Care of them, & relieving them from begging about the Streets in London, to which they were in a manner reduc’d. The Trustees want to know how many of them deserted your Settlement, and how many others have from time to time, and, if you can learn, in what Part of South Carolina they are, and how they are subsisted and settled.

There are sent by this Ship 61 Protestants, who came from Germany at their own Expence, with a Desire to be settled at Ebenezer. They had all of them intended to pay their Passage to Georgia, but finding They had not Money sufficient, 37 have petitioned the Trustees to send them, and have enter’d into a Contract of Servitude for Terms of Years, which Contract is sent over with them. The other 24 go at their own Expence, and Orders are sent for the Surveyor to lay out the Lots of the Men among these immediately, where You and They shall agree, and the Lots of those who are Servants, as near to the Masters, who shall take them, as conveniently can be, that they may work one day in six on their own Lands.

The Trustees are inform’d by the President and Assistants, as They were by you, that you have purchas’d the Cattle at the Cowpen. The President and Assistants say, you at last agreed to pay the Sum of £400 St. in several Payments at different times, and that the last is to be of £50. at Lady Day 1753. The Trustees have always been ready to give all the Encouragement in their Power to the Industry of the Saltzburghers, and are willing to do so now, and have therefore resolv’d to release you and them from the said last Payment of £50 at Lady Day 1753, but hope, in Consideration of this, you will find Means to make the other Payments sooner.

As a farther Encouragement, the Trustees have resolv’d to give the Saltzburghers the Iron, which was deliver’d you from the Storehouse by the President and Assistants upon your Application to them, in Order for your building another Saw Mill, and which you had agreed to pay for.

The Trustees have likewise resolv’d to give you the Sum of £ 20 Sterl. towards the Repairs of your House, with which I have acquainted Mr. Henry Parker, who is made Vice President of the Province, Mr. [William] Stephens being superseded from acting as President, on Account of his Age and Infirmities; And in Order to defray your Expences of supporting a Family of the Germans sent over last Year by Capt. Bogg, whom in your Letter of Febry. the 15th. you say, No Body would take as Servants. The Trustees allow of your Application of the Sum of £18 Sterl. received by you, for Redemption of the Servitude of three Servants sent by Captn. Bogg.

I acquainted you in my Letter dated May 3d. 1750, that the Trustees had resolv’d to enlarge all the Tenures of Lands in Georgia to an absolute Inheritance. A Release for this purpose is now sent over to the Vice President and the Assistants. It will be necessary upon this Occasion for each Inhabitant of your Settlement to give to you the Date of his former Grant, with a Description of his Lands, containing the Number of Acres, where they lye, and how they are bounded, and his Christian and Sir name; And when these Accounts are deliver’d to you, you or Mr. [John Ludwig] Meyer, must deliver them to the Vice President and Assistants, who will transmit them to the Trustees, who will immediately make out separate Grants, under their Seal, upon this last Resolution of an absolute Inheritance, and containing the several Descriptions of the Lands, in Order to ascertain each Inhabitant’s Property in them.

The Trustees send to the Vice President by this Conveyance, the Appointment of an Assembly of the People, to be held at Savanah some time before Lady Day next, such Time to be nam’d by the Vice President. This Assembly is to have the Power of proposing and representing to the Trustees, what shall appear to be for the Benefit of any particular Settlement, and the Province in general. The Town of Ebenezer are impower’d to send two Deputies to it, and it is to be hop’d you can find two proper Ones, who understand the English Language. As this is design’d by the Trustees for a Foundation for an Annual Assembly to be constituted hereafter, you see Sir, the Necessity there is of the Saltzburghers in general applying themselves to learn the English Language, which upon many other Accounts would be highly serviceable to them.

[P.S.] You may soon expect another Imbarkation of Protestants, who have fled from Persecution at Lucerne.

Harman Verelst to John Ludwig Meyer, July 20, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 43, informing him of medicines and utensils sent. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

The Trustees having allowed you the Medicines & Untensils in the List you sent over, with your Letter of the 21st. of October last, the same come to you in a Box by this Conveyance, in which is an Invoice of their Particulars.

Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, July 20, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 43, forwarding a chest from Samuel Urlsperger. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Revd. Sir

Mr. Albinus giving me Notice that Mr. [Samuel] Urlesperger had sent a Chest for Ebenezer, which was deliver’d into the King’s Warehouse last Month from Hambro and mark’d EE. I took the first Opportunity of forwarding it by this Conveyance, and hope it will come safe.

Harman Verelst to the Vice President and Assistants in Ga., July 20, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 44, concerning Lt. Col. Alexander Heron’s accounts, German servants sent, Frenchmen sent, James Woolford and Mary Gibbs to Ga., Germans sent, and sola bills and parcels sent. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir and Gentlemen

The Returns the President and You made to the Examination of the Accounts, transmitted by his Majesty’s Order, which Lt. Col. [Alexander] Heron had sent to England, prove very satisfactory; The Trustees have laid them before the Duke of Bedford, and recommended Mr. Griffith Williams’s Service therein.

By this Ship 37 Germans, whereof some are in Families, are sent as Servants to Ebenezer, and you herewith receive the Contract they signed, and they have an English and German Copy thereof.

The Trustees have also sent over four French Men, who are to be settled together in some convenient Place, two of them understand the Production of Raw Silk, their Names and Families are. vizt. Anthony Pages, Margaret, his Wife, and Michael Lucas his Wife’s Son. Anthony Le Sage, and Jane his Wife. Leonard Bodel, and Anthony Isaac Le Bon. There are two Bundles of Working Tools for their Use mark’d GxC. French, and They are to be allowed Subsistance for one Year from their Arrival.

James Wool ford, late a Servant in Georgia, returns by this Ship with his Wife Sarah he lately married; And Mary Gibbs comes over to her Father & Brothers in Georgia.

There are 24 Germans who pay their own Passage, and to the Men of whom, beside the French, 50 Acres of Land are to be granted to each, and there is a Cask and 3 Bundles of Working Tools for the said Germans mark’d GxC Germans, which the Trustees give them; But they are not to be allowed Subsistance in Georgia by the Trustees.

There is also on board a Case containing 8 Copper Basons for the Use of the Silk Reelers, to be distributed to those who can use them, as Occasion shall require, a Box directed for Mr. [John Ludwig] Meyer at Ebenezer, a Chest mark’d EE for Ebenezer, and a Box directed to You and the Assistants containing £400 in Sola Bills in 3 Books. vizt. Two of £1- each No. 14301 to 14500 and 1 of £ 5- each No. 2211 to 2250., to be issued under your Directions for defraying the Trustees estimated Expences in Georgia; For all which, with the Parcels of Working Tools, a Bill of Lading is sent to Mr. James Habersham, the Trustees Secretary, to whom they are consign’d.

Benjamin Martyn to Richard Nevil Aldworth, July 26, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 45, concerning boat for troops stationed in Ga.

Sir

His Grace the Duke of Bedford having been pleas’d by Letters, dated August 4th. 1749, to signify to his Excellency James Glen Esqr. Govr. of the Province of South Carolina, and to Lieut. Col. [Alexander] Heron, his Majesty’s Pleasure that a Boat, Coxswain, and ten Men should be station’d in Georgia for the Use of the Detachments from the South Carolina Companies, and to carry the Provisions from Frederica to the several Stations; And that the said Boat, Coxswain, and ten Men should be under the Directions of the Trustees, agreably to an Estimate of the Annual Expence thereof, sent with the said Letters; And that Govr. Glen should conform himself to the Trustees Applications, and Lieut. Col. Heron to their Directions therein.

I am now commanded by the Trustees, to desire you will acquaint his Grace, that, on the 7th. of January 1748, They gave Directions, that two of the Assistants in Georgia should attend on the disbanding of the Regiment, and take an Inventory of what Boats and Vessels were in the Southern Part of the Province belonging to his Majesty, and to appoint a proper Person to take Care of them.

The Trustees have rec’d a Letter from the President & Assistants in Georgia, with an Inventory of the said Boats, and were thereby acquainted, that the Boat Prince George, which was deliver’d by Lieut. Col. Heron, for the Use of the Detachments in Georgia, had only Eight of the ten Men, order’d by his Majesty, employ’d therein; and that the said Boat was too small to answer the intended Service, whereas the Hanover Boat, which Lieut. Col. Heron took with him to Charles Town, and which lies useless there, is capable of performing the Service much better and the Coxswain and ten Men, order’d by his Majesty, will be sufficient to man the same.

I shall inclose herewith an Extract of the said Letter, and Copy of the said Inventory, for his Grace the Duke of Bedford’s Perusal; And the Trustees beg his Grace’s Directions to Govr. Glen, and Lieut. Col. Heron, that the Hanover Boat may be deliver’d to the Order of the President and Assistants in Georgia, for the Uses specified in his Grace’s Letters.

Harman Verelst to Capt. George Cadogan at Augusta, Aug. 15, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 46-47, concerning proposed church at Augusta, change in land tenure, and assembly of people in Ga. By Pickering Robinson on the Stephen and Mary, Capt. Wm. Paine.

Sir

The Petition sign’d by your Self and Messrs. John Rae, James Fraser, James Campbell, and David Douglass, dated April 12th. 1750,⁴⁵ with the Plan of the Church built at Augusta, has been laid before the Trustees for Georgia who were extreamly pleas’d to see such a Regard for Religion, as is shewn by the Petitioners, and the Inhabitants of Augusta. The Trustees have taken the first Opportunity of applying to the Society for propagating the Gospel, for a Missionary to be appointed at that Place; And as his Grace, the Arch Bishop of Caterbury has assur’d Mr. [James] Vernon, that he will himself lay the Petition before the Society, and recommend it to them, the Trustees think you may reasonably promise your Selves Success in it.

The Trustees have resolv’d to grant the Ground for the Church, and a sufficient Quantity for a Church Yard, and likewise 300 Acres of Land to be cultivated for the Support of the Minister there; It will be necessary therefore to have this immediately survey’d and run out, and They hope Mr. James Fraser (whom they have appointed a Conservator of the Peace) will see it perform’d and acquaint them with it. The Trustees have no doubt but the Inhabitants, who have discover’d so laudable a Zeal, will contribute by the Labour of their Servants to the Cultivation of the Land for the future certain Support of a Minister.

The Trustees have resolv’d to give the Petitioners, the Glass for the Windows, the Pulpit Cloth, and Sacramental Ornaments, as They have requested, and will send them over, under the Care of the Missionary.

The Trustees have sent to Georgia a Release (under the Seal) of all the Grants of Land from the several Restrictions in them; And to give all the Satisfaction in their Power to the Inhabitants, and Encouragement for their Industry, They have sent over an Appointment for an Assembly to be held at Savanah at the most leisure time between Michaelmas and Lady Day, such Time to be nam’d by Mr. Henry Parker, who is now made Vice President of the Province. This Assembly is authoris’d, to propose, debate, and represent to the Trustees, what may appear to be for the Benefit not only of the particular Settlements, but of the Province in general. The Town of Augusta is impowered to send two Deputies to this Assembly; The Trustees therefore desire you will apprise the Inhabitants of Augusta of this appointment, that They may have as early Notice of it as possible, tho’ They will hear of it from the Vice President.

Harman Verelst to James Habersham, Aug. 15, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 47, sending copper basons for silk reelers. By the George Town, Capt. Crosthwaite.

Sir

Please to acquaint Mr. Vice President [Henry] Parker that by this Conveyance only 8 of the 16 Copper Basons, mentioned in the Secretary’s Letter to him, are sent for the Use of the Silk Reel, in Georgia, and the other 8 shall come by the next Opportunity that offers.

[P.S.] The Case with them will be forwarded to you by Mr. Wm. Hopton from Charles Town, to whom it is consign’d.

Benjamin Martyn to the Vice President and Assistants in Ga., Aug. 15, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 47-49, concerning the assembly of the people, change in land tenure, act allowing Negroes in Ga., general survey of Ga. to be made, and Pickering Robinson comes over. By Pickering Robinson on the Stephen and Mary, Capt. Wm. Paine.

Sir & Gentlemen

You will receive by this Conveyance the Copy of an Appointment for an Assembly to be held at a proper time between Lady Day and Michaelmas next. The Original, under the Trust Seal, was sent over by the Charming Martha, as were the Release of the grants from the several Conditions in them, and Letters with full Instructions from the Trustees on may Points of Consequence; Which They hope you will receive long before this comes to your Hands, as that Ship has sail’d above these three Weeks.

The Act for permitting the Introduction and Use of Negroes is prepar’d and will be laid before his Majesty in Council, as soon as he arrives in England. There is but little Variation in it from the Proposals sign’d by your Selves, and other Inhabitants of the Province; With Regard however to the Duty of 15s p Head at the Importation, I must acquaint You, that this is thought proper to be laid on the Negroes of twelve Years of Age and upwards, already in the Province as well as those which shall hereafter be brought into it, because it is but just, that those, which have been introduc’d contrary to Law, should be subject to pay at least the same, as those which will be introduc’d under the Law. There is another material Alteration in the Act. vizt. The Importation of Negroes is only allow’d to be made at Savanah, for which there are many Reasons, and One in particular, because there are no Magistrates now in the Southern Part of the Province to see and take Care that the Quarentine, when necessary, shall be duly perform’d. In Consequence of this, one Lazaretto only will be wanted. vizt. That on the West Side of Tibee Island. Every Captain or Master of a Ship, who shall land any Negroes in any other Part of the Province, or shall land them at all before his Ship is visited, and a Certificate of Health is obtain’d, will be liable to a Penalty of £500. Sterling, and a Forfeiture of his Negroes so landed. The Trustees hope and expect, that you will act with Spirit in the Execution of this Law, when sent over to you, and in seeing every Article of it strictly perform’d, as the Restrictions in it are calculated so evidently for the Welfare of the Province; And in the mean time, before the Act is transmitted to you, as the Inhabitants are generally appris’d of the several Articles in it, the Trustees hope you will recommend to them their conforming themselves thereto.

The Trustees send over by this Ship an Appointment for Mr. [James] Habersham, and Mr. Pickering Robinson (who is now embarking for the Colony) to inquire into, and report to them as soon as conveniently can be, the State of the several Settlements, and of the Colony in general; And to inquire what has been done, and by whom, in the Culture of Silk, and to promote this in the most effectual manner, for which Mr. Robinson is qualified, having attain’d the Knowledge of it in France, and carrying over with him a considerable Quantity of Silk Worm Seed, which he is to distribute among those, who have Mulberry Trees for feeding the Worms, and have Conveniences for taking Care of them, and can reel off the Silk. In this, and the visiting and inquiring into the State of the Settlements, the Trustees expect you will give him all the Assistance in your Power; If Mr. Habersham cannot accompany Mr. Robinson in this Inquiry, the Trustees empower and direct him to recommend a proper Person in his Stead, to be approv’d of by you; And as they have a good Opinion of Mr. Noble Jones, who must be well acquainted with every Part of the Province, They think he may be a proper One for this Purpose; And on your Report to them of his Performance of the Work, and what you think he may deserve for his Trouble, the Trustees will take it into Consideration; In the mean time, the Expence of travelling on this Account, which need not be great, must be defray’d by you.

Benjamin Martyn to James Habersham, Aug. 15, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 49-50, concerning a general survey of Ga., silk culture, and knowledge of Pickering Robinson about silk culture. By Pickering Robinson on the Stephen & Mary, Capt. Wm. Paine.

Sir

The Trustees have join’d you with Mr. Pickering Robinson (who is now embarking for Georgia) in an Appointment to inquire into, and report to them, the State of the several Settlements, and of the Province in general, and to inquire what has been done by particular Persons, and whom, in the Culture of Silk, and to promote this in the most effectual manner. As he is a young Gentleman, They have join’d you with him, because They are sensible They can depend on your Care and Judgment, and They wish your Business may permit you to accompany him in visiting the different Parts and Settlements in the Province; But if it will not, You must recommend to the Vice President and Assistants, another Person in your Stead, on whose Care You think You can rely; And as Mr. Noble Jones is well acquainted with the Colony, and the Trustees have a good Opinion of him, They think he may be a proper Person for this Purpose. The Expence of travelling upon this Account will be defray’d by the Vice President and Assistants, and on their Report of the Performance of this Work, and their Opinion what it may deserve, the Trustees will reward the said Person for his Trouble. In the mean time, it is absolutely necessary this Inquiry should be made as soon as possible, that the Trustees may have it in their Power to lay the State of the Colony, before the Government, in the next Session of Parliament.

Mr. Robinson has been in France, and has attain’d a Knowledge of the Culture of Silk in every Branch of it; And he carries over with him a considerable Quantity of Silk Worm Seed; He may be very usefull therefore in this Produce; Which the Trustees have so much at heart; But being an absolute Stranger to Every One in the Province, he will want Assistance and Advice, how he may do the most Service herein, which the Trustees hope & expect you will give him, and that the Vice President & Assistants will do the same.

Harman Verelst to the Vice President and Assistants in Ga., Aug. 16, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 51-54, concerning sola bills sent, Trustees’ accounts with Ga. officials, and Trustees’ estimated expenses in Ga. By Pickering Robinson on the Stephen and Mary, Capt. Wm. Paine.

Sir & Gentlemen

By this Conveyance you receive £1,000. in the Trustees Sola Bills of Exchange in six Books, whereof five are Letter A of £ 1.-.- each No. 14,501 to No. 15,000. and one Letter C of £5. each No. 2,251 to No. 2,350. Which are fill’d up to Henry Parker Esqr. Patrick Graham, and James Habersham, or any two of them to issue; Mr. [William] Stephens’s Name being left out by reason of his great Age and Incapacity.

The Trustees hope you are now fully supplied, and will have no Occasion to be in Arrear, But that They may be satisfied of the Application of the Sums They have paid here for Cash rec’d. for their Use in Georgia, as well as of the Sums in their Sola Bills which They have sent since the last Accompt of them from Georgia They rec’d, being for the half Year ending at Michaelmas 1747, as also be answered to the two following Articles arisen before Michas. 1747 which do not appear to have been Accoted. for to them. They have sent you the following Charge to be examined into and accounted for within the Expences They estimated. vizt.

And there is also £350 payable by Installments, received and receivable from the Reverend Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius and others at Ebenezer, for the black Cattle at the late Cowpen, which is to be applied towards defraying the Trustees estimated Expences in Georgia, which now are as follows vizt.

Besides which, to such Tythingmen at Savannah as are employed in whose Tythings are ten Families or upwards, £5.— a Year each, not exceeding nine, being the last Number which appear’d to be employed in the Year 1747.

But as to every other Expence of paying the Bounty on Silk Balls or Cocoons lately order’d, the Purchase of the different Sorts of Silk when wound, and the incident Charges not particularly provided for, Care must be taken to defray the same in a satis factory and judicious Manner, having due Regard to the Payment of what relates to the Production of Silk in the first Place, and being as sparing in all other Instances as possible, letting only the Necessity of the Service be the Guide.

Harman Verelst to the Vice President and Assistants in Ga., Oct. 16, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 54-55, concerning Edward Holt, stores in King’s magazine, boat for troops in Ga., and items sent to Ga. By the Loyal Judith, Capt. James Cowie.

Sir & Gentlemen

Your Letter and Accompts by the Mary Snow Captain Pearson came safe to hand, and will, receive due Consideration; In the mean time, the Behaviour of the Schoolmaster Mr. [Edward] Holt, being so much complain’d of, in Case it continues so, the best Method will be to send him and his Wife back to England, to provide for themselves here.

As to the Stores in the King’s Magazine, and Mr. [William] Abbott’s Application for Payment for his Case of them, the Trustees have no Occasion for any Stores of their own, nor to be at any Expence of keeping them. It is therefore most prudent to dispose of them and satisfy Mr. Abbott what is reasonable thereout for the time he will have had the Care of them, previous to the Sale, and state a particular Account thereof distinguishing if it is possible, which of them may be judged to belong to the Trustees, and which of them to his Majesty, separating the Values of each Property, and paying Mr. Abbott for his Care proportionably out of each.

The Duke of Bedford having wrote to Govr. [James] Glen and Lt. Col. [Alexander] Heron to deliver to your Order the Hanover Boat for the Uses of the Detachments from the South Carolina Companies, and to carry Provisions from Frederica to the several Stations; And sent his Letters under Fly Seals to the Trustees; Herewith you receive the said Letters to send for the said Boat by, and Copies of them for your Perusal.

Govr. Glen certified [Daniel] Demetre’s Boat Service from the 30th. of May 1749 to the 2d of September foll. which was refused Payment, and you was every prudent in not concerning your Selves with that time of Service, which is a proper Consideration here; But your certifying for the time Demetre serves in Georgia what is justly due to him will receive due Honour.

By this Conveyance you will receive a Case with the remaining eight Copper Basons, for the Use of the Silk Manufacture; And there is also a Chest for Ebenezer mark’d H.P. Bolz. to be forwarded there. Both which are consigned to Mr. Wm. Hopton at Charles Town, a Copy of which Bill of Lading is sent to the Trustees Secretary Mr. [James] Habersham.

Harman Verelst to Capt. George Cadogan, Oct. 26, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 55-56, concerning proposed church at Augusta. By the Loyal Judith, Capt. Cowie.

Sir

His Grace the Arch Bishop of Canterbury having laid the Trustees Memorial, with the Petition from Augusta and the Plan of the Church, before the Society for propagating the Gospel in Foreign Parts, for a Missionary to be appointed at Augusta, the said Memorial is referr’d to a Committee for Consideration; And it is expected will have a favourable Report, on Condition that the Inhabitants do build a House for the Minister, and by Subscription amongst themselves allow him Twenty pounds Sterling a Year, in Addition to what the Society shall allow; In Order to encourage a worthy Clergyman to go over for this good Purpose.

Which Conditions, by this Opportunity offering, I acquaint You of in the mean time.

Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, Oct. 26, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 56, concerning silk sent, silk bounty, accounts, and items sent from Germany. By the Loyal Judith, Capt. Cowie.

Sir

Your Letter of the 14th. of June last, and the Silk by Captain Pearson came safe to hand; But Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd being out of Town, your Observations will be consider’d on his Return.

Your Distinction of deserving and undeserving the Bounty for encouraging the raising Silk is very judicious, and when the Trustees meet next will be duly weigh’d, that the same Measure may be dealt to all.

Your Accounts and Vouchers were sent to the Trustees, and this Method of your having Money upon Account, and discharging it by Payments vouched, entirely prevents your former Necessity of drawing Bills on England.

By this Conveyance you will receive a Chest from Hambro with Books and Medicines for Ebenezer, mark’d H.P. Bolz, which, I hope will come safe to hand.

Harman Verelst to the Rev. Bartholomew Zouberbuhler, Oct. 26, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 56-57, concerning Edward Holt, payment of salary and maintenance of servants, and services in Savannah church. By the Loyal Judith, Capt. Cowie.

Sir

The Trustees rec’d your Letter about Mr. [Edward] Holt the Schoolmaster, and are sorry he proves contrary to the Recommendation of him, and of their’s and Mr. [Thomas] Boughton’s Expectations. On this Occasion the Vice President and Assistants are wrote to, that in Case he continues the like Behaviour, to send him and his Wife back to England to provide for themselves here.

I am sorry your Salary and Maintenance of the Servants for the Cultivation of the Land set apart for the Minister was not paid, as it became due, notwithstanding the Directions given for it by the Trustees; and as before the Receipt of this a large Supply of Sola Bills will be rec’d in Georgia, you are desired to apply for and receive your future Salary and Maintenance of Servants from the Issuers of the Trustees Sola Bills.

The Bill you drew for £43:5:- due to you the 25th. of June last is duly honoured, but as it is contrary to the Trustees Method of Payment, they will by the next Conveyance enforce their former Directions at the first Meeting of the Trustees, when the late Letters from Georgia by Captain Pearson will be taken into Consideration.

It is a great Pleasure to hear that Divine Service is performed in the Church at Savannah.

Benjamin Martyn to the Vice President and Assistants in Ga., Oct. 26, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 57-59, concerning troubles with the Upper Creeks and Mary Bosomworth, annexing Ga. to S. C., method of answering Trustees’ letters, encouragement of silk culture, and mail received and needed. By the Loyal Judith, Capt. Cowie.

Sir and Gentlemen

The Box by Captn. Pearson has been rec’d, and the several Letters and Papers in it laid before the Trustees; As They are always attentive to the Welfare of the Colony, They have without Loss of Time laid a Copy of the Letter to me dated July 29th. 1750, sign’d by Messieurs [William] Stephens, [William] Spencer and [James] Habersham, relating to Mrs. [Mary] Bosomworth’s Journey to the Upper Creek Indians, and also the Representation sign’d by the Magistrates and several of the Inhabitants about the stragling Indians, before his Grace the Duke of Bedford, Principal Secretary of State; And They question not but some vigorous Measures will be taken to free his Majesty’s Subjects in the Province from their Apprehensions on Account of these Indians. In the mean time They hope, and doubt not but, you will be watchful for the Security of the Province, and in Case of Necessity, you will immediately apply to the Governor of South Carolina, that the Independent Companies stationed there may march to your Assistance.

The Representation against annexing the Province of Georgia to that of South Carolina will be duly considered; But as the Trustees think such a Representation from a regular Assembly will carry still more Weight, and as They wait with Impatience to hear the Assembly has met, and to see the good Effects of it, They will postpone till then, any Application on this Account, especially as They have Reason to believe, no Steps will be taken by the Government here, for some Time at least, for annexing the Province to that of South Carolina, as apprehended; And They are of Opinion, that when the Province is seen to be in a flourishing Condition, and the Culture of Silk particularly goes on with Success, no such Steps will be taken at all, but Georgia will continue a separate Province.

The Trustees are pleas’d to find by your Letter to me dated the 19th. of July last, that you are got into a regular Method of Corresponding, and answering all my Letters Paragraph by Paragraph, And They hope you will continue to do so, for by this means They can more clearly see, how their Orders are carried from time to time into Execution, and what may be farther necessary for the Welfare of the Province.

The Trustees are sorry to find, what you say in that Letter, and what indeed They have long apprehended, that sufficient Industry has not been used in planting, nor Care taken in fencing and preserving the Mulberry Trees; However, They receive great Pleasure from the Assurances you give them, that you will use your utmost Endeavour to promote the planting, and properly fencing in all the Plantations, as They do likewise, from seeing in the Representations sign’d by such a Number of the Inhabitants dated the 7th. of July last, that they are sensible of the great Benefits which must accrue to themselves and the Publick from the Culture of Silk, and that they are convinc’d that this can be carried on, and the Art of winding it acquir’d by every Person, with great Facility, and that it will become the earnest Attention, and general Care of all the Inhabitants; You may assure your Selves and them, that nothing will be wanting here to encourage it. What you say in the said Letter, that as Bounties are design’d as special Incitements to Industry in the Produces propos’d to be rais’d, it is necessary that they should be punctually paid, is undoubtedly true; And the Trustees are sorry to find, you have not been able to do this. But that such a Misfortune may not happen again, They will by the first Opportunity send over a sufficient Sum in Sola Bills, to be appropriated for this Service only. Eight more Copper Basons are sent by this Conveyance, and on the first Intimation from you, what farther Number will be wanted, They will be immediately sent, to be distributed among those who shall be disposed and ready to make Use of them.

The Trustees are pleas’d to see, you have sent them Informations about several Things which They wanted to know, and about which I wrote to you the 14th. of July last, and particularly the List of the Disbanded Soldiers who took up Lands, the Number of Negroes in the Province, the Accounts to Michas 1749, and Copies of the Records of the Town Court to the 21st. of February 1748/9, the Deficiencies from that Time They hope will be soon supplied. What farther Directions there are in that Letter of July 14th. and in those Letters which were sent in August last by Mr. Pickering Robinson that are not perform’d, the Trustees recommend to your Observance and Care, and especially the transmitting to them the Trust Accounts to Michas. 1750, as soon as these can properly be made up.

Benjamin Martyn to Richard Nevil Aldworth, Oct. 25, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 59-62, concerning actions of Thomas Bosomworth and Creek Indians.

Sir

On the 10th. of January last, I troubled you with a Letter, by Order of the Trustees for establishing the Colony, and inclosed with it the Copy of a Letter from the President and Assistants in Georgia, relating to the Behaviour of the Revd. Mr. Thomas Bosomworth, which the Trustees thought it their Duty to lay before his Grace the Duke of Bedford.

I acquainted you Sir, in my Letter that this Mr. Bosomworth had been sent as a Missionary to Georgia, and by his Marriage with a Woman, who was Interpreter for the Indians (for which She was constantly well paid) and by her Influence on the Indians, he thought proper; That, under pretended Grants from the Indians, he laid Claims to immense Tracts of Land, independent of his Majesty’s Rights, and his Charter to the Trustees for granting the same. That upon his Majesty’s being graciously pleased to grant Presents to the Indians in South Carolina and Georgia, Mr. Bosomworth and his Wife demanded a Moiety of those allotted for the Province of Georgia for their own Use. That, to obtain their Ends, they brought down to Savanah above 70 Indians in an hostile manner under Pretence of meeting and talking there with Mr. Abraham Bosomworth their Brother, one of the Agents appointed for distributing his Majesty’s Presents, whom the Indians said They had sent to England as their Agent. That during their Stay at Savanah Mr. Thomas Bosomworth and his Wife demanded, that all their extravagant Claims of Land (which are totally inconsistent with his Majesty’s Charter) should be made good; And that on the Refusal of this, and the Moiety of the Presents, They behaved themselves in a most outrageous Manner, and did their utmost to exasperate the Indians; But by the steady Conduct of the Magistrates, and the Resolution which appear’d in the Inhabitants, the Indians were prevented from committing any Acts of Violence, yet they returned home with Dispositions no Ways favourable to his Majesty’s Subjects in the Province.

Sir, The Trustees were in hopes, that upon Mr. Thos. Bosomworth and his Wife declaring afterwards their Sorrow for their past Conduct, before the Magistrates and their Brother, They would have behaved themselves more Dutifully to his Majesty’s Government established in the Province; But They now find, by a Letter lately received from the Magistrates, that Mr. Bosomworth and his Wife persist in the same unwarrantable Claim of Lands, and continue in the same mutinous Conduct; And that this Conduct has so dangerous a Tendency, that, if some vigorous Measures are not taken, it may not only be productive of an Indian War, but may be attended with mischievous Consequences still more extensive.

The Trustees therefore think it their Duty to lay a Copy of the said Letter from the Magistrates, and likewise a Copy of a Representation from the Magistrates and several of the Inhabitants, of the great Hardships and Danger they labour under from Parties of the Stragling Indians before his Grace the Duke of Bedford.

Here follows the letter of William Stephens, William Spencer, and James Habersham, dated July 29, 1750, which is printed in CRG, XXVI, pp. 41-43, not including the printed P.S.

Harman Verelst to Harris and Habersham, Oct. 31, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 62, concerning payment for food for troops in Ga. By the Loyal Judith, Capt. Cowie.

Gentlemen

Your Letter of the 20th. of July last which I rec’d from Mr. [Samuel?] Lloyd’s Brother the 4th. instant (Mr. Lloyd being out of Town) was laid before the Committee for Money Affairs of the Georgia Trust yesterday, and the £213.14.10 Value in Provisions supplied the Detachments in Georgia for 52 Weeks to the 23d. of June last, is ordered to be paid Mr. Lloyd for the Commanding Officer’s Receipts for the same.

The Committee think it very reasonable you should receive immediate Payment’ for your future Supplies, and hope there will be sufficient of Sola Bills in Georgia to answer them; For which the President and Assistants must send over the Commanding Officers Receipts to England, to shew the Application. But as this is a Service the Trustees desire to have punctually defrayed, as well as performed, if by any Accident you should not receive such Punctuality in Georgia, you may, after the proper Receipts from the Commanding Officers are examined by the President and Assistants, remit such Receipts to your Correspondent in England for Payment here.

Benjamin Martyn to the Vice President and Assistants in Ga., Feb. 14, 1750/1, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 63, sending sola bills for silk expenses, telling of Jonathan Copp’s appointment as missionary to Augusta, directing land for support of Copp, and sending items for the church at Augusta. By the Charming Nancy, Capt. White.

Sir and Gentlemen

In my Letter to you dated October 26th. I acquainted you that the Trustees would send over by the first Opportunity, a sufficient Sum in Sola Bills to be appropriated for the Payment of the Bounties on the Silk Balls, and the Silk wound from them. This is the first Opportunity the Trustees have had, and They accordingly send You Sola Bills for £400; Of which Bills for £200 are to be send to Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius for him to apply in that manner, and the Bills for the remaining £ 200 are to be applied by you likewise in Bounties; and what Surpluss may be in your Hands is for other Extraordinaries. Bills likewise for £ 400. more are sent also by this Ship (the Charming Nancy Capt. White) for the Ordinary Expences of the Colony.

The Society for propagating the Gospel in Foreign Parts have, at the Trustees Request, appointed Mr. Jonathan Copp, a Missionary for the Town of Augusta; And the Trustees have resolved to grant 300 Acres of Land, to be cultivated for Religious Uses for the Town of Augusta; They direct You therefore to give the proper Orders, that the same be set out as soon as conveniently may be, and in the most convenient Place.

The Trustees send over by this Ship some Purple Cloth for the Pulpit and Communion Table, a Silver Cup and Patin, and some Glass Windows for the Church at Augusta, which are consign’d to Mr. Habersham, and must be forwarded to Augusta as soon as possible.

Benjamin Martyn to Capt. George Cadogan, John Rae, James Frazer, James Campbell, and Daniel Douglass at Augusta, Feb. 14, 1750/1, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 64-65, concerning appointment of Jonathan Copp as missionary at Augusta and the conditions of his appointment. By the Charming Nancy, Capt. White.

Gentlemen

Your Memorial dated Augusta April the 12th. 1750 to the Trustees, praying, in behalf of your Selves and the other Inhabitants of Augusta, that They would procure from the Society for propagating the Gospel in Foreign Parts, a Missionary for the Town of Augusta, was immediately, on the Receipt thereof, taken into Consideration; And the Trustees prepar’d a Memorial to the same Purport to the said Society which together with your Petition and the Plan of the Church sent over by you, were laid before them by his Grace the Arch Bishop of Canterbury; In Consequence of which, the Society, at a General Meeting held on the 16th. of last November, came to a Resolution, to appoint Mr. Jonathan Copp (who is ordain’d Deacon and Priest by the Bishop of London) such Missionary with a Salary of £ 50 p Annum, and that his Salary should commence from Michaelmas last, on Condition that a House is provided for him at Augusta, and that a further Sum of£20p Ann. be secur’d to him by Bond from the Inhabitants of Augusta, which the Trustees doubt not but you will take Care shall be made good to him.

The Trustees have resolv’d to grant 300 Acres for Religious Uses for the Town of Augusta; And I shall send over by this Conveyance, their Orders to the Vice President & Assistants, that the Surveyor be sent, as soon as conveniently can be, to set the same out; And the Trustees doubt not but the Inhabitants, who are so well dispos’d will contribute to, and assist in the Cultivation of the same for the future Maintenance of the Minister there.

The Trustees send over likewise by this Ship (the Charming Nancy Capt. White) some Purple Cloth for the Pulpit and Communion Table, a Silver Cup and Patin, and some Glass Windows for the Church, which will be consign’d to Mr. James Habersham, who will have Directions to forward them to you at Augusta, as soon as possible.

Mr. Copp, who is appointed the Missionary, has a very good Character, with Regard both to his Morals and his Preaching and the Trustees don’t doubt but his Behaviour will be agreable to the Inhabitants, and that They will make his Residence among them agreable to him.

[P.S.] In a letter dated October 26th. 1750 you were acquainted by Mr. Verelst with the Conditions, on which it was expected the Society would appoint the Missionary; Which were, as is mention’d above, that the Inhabitants should build a House for the Minister, and allow him 20 p Ann. in Addition to what the Society should allow.

Benjamin Martyn to James Habersham, Feb. 18, 1750/1, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 65-66, concerning Ga. silk and indigo, Habersham’s acceptance of the office of Secretary, sola bills sent to pay silk bounty, and items sent for church at Augusta. By the Charming Nancy, Capt. White.

Sir

Your Letter dated Savanah November 2d. 1750 was rec’d yesterday, and laid before the Trustees this Morning; As it was not forwarded from Charles Town till December the 27th. They are in daily Expectation of more Letters by other Ships, for They are very impatient to know what Steps have been taken about calling the Assembly, and how they proceeded; And also what Progress is likely to be made this year in the Silk, Indigo, and other Produces. As the Approbation, which the Georgia Silk has met with from our Merchants and Manufacturers, has been taken Notice of in many of my Letters; It may not be improper here to assure you also, that the Indigo is highly approv’d of. At the Sale of it, ‘twas thought to be little inferior to the French Indigo, and bore a very high Price, as I doubt not you have been inform’d by Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd. The Trustees hope that these Testimonies of the Goodness of the Produces will animate all the Inhabitants in general to apply themselves with the utmost Industry to the raising them, that Great Britain may soon see and acknowledge the great Utility and Importance of the Province, with Regard to the Quantity as well as the Quality of their Products.

The Trustees were glad to see that you accepted with Pleasure the Office of Secretary within the Province, which They conferr’d upon you unask’d, from their Confidence in your Care, and Zeal for the Prosperity of the Province.

I have acquainted the Vice President and Assistants, that Sola Bills for £ 800.- are sent by this Conveyance, of which £ 400 are for the ordinary Expences of the Province, and the other £ 400.- for Premiums on the Silk Balls, and the Silk wound form them, and for Rewards to the young Women who have learnt the Art of winding. Of this last Sum a Moiety is to be immediately paid into the hands of Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius for the Silk Business, and the other Moiety is to be dispos’d of by the Vice President and Assistants at Savanah in the same manner. If this last is not all wanted at Savanah, and the £ 200.- to be sent to Mr. Bolzius should not be found sufficient to answer the Demands for Premiums at Ebenezer, Mr. Bolzius must be further supplied out of the Moiety allotted for Savanah. As this Letter is written subsequent to that I wrote to the Vice President and Assistants, you must inform them of the Trustees Directions herein.

The Inhabitants of Augusta having built a Church at their own Expence, the Trustees have procur’d from the Society for propagating the Gospel, a Missionary for that Town who will soon embark for the Province. The Trustees send by this Ship some Purple Cloth for the Pulpit and Communion Table, a Silver Cup and Patin, and some Glass Windows for the said Church; They are consign’d to you, and the Trustees doubt not but you will see them forwarded by the earliest Opportunity to Augusta.

Harman Verelst to the Vice President and Assistants in Ga., March 5, 1750/1, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 67, sending sola bills for silk bounty. By the Charminig Nancy, Capt. White.

Sir and Gentlemen

The Trustees by this Conveyance have remitted you £800 in their Sola Bills of Exchange, consisting of 4 Books containing 400d. of £ 1. each Letter A No. 15001 to 15400, and of one Book contg. 80 of £5. each Letter C No. 2351 to 2430. And have directed the Application of them in the following manner. vizt. £ 400 of them for the Extraordinary Expences of the Colony to Lady Day next, £200 more of them for the Culture of Silk (exclusive of that Service at Ebenezer) and other Extraordinaries ; And the remaining £200 are to be issued to Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius at Ebenezer for the Culture of Silk there, and for which he is to account to the Trustees, and send a Duplicate thereof to you; For the obtaining of which £200 Issue to him, he has the Trustees Orders by this Conveyance.

Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, March 5, 1750/1, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 67, telling him of sola bills sent for silk bounties. By the Charming Nancy, Capt. White.

Sir

By this Conveyance the Trustees have sent over Sola Bills to the Care of the Vice President and Assistants in Georgia, whereof 200 £ Value are order’d to be issued by you for defraying the Charges arising by the Culture of Silk at Ebenezer, and for the Application whereof you will please to send the Trustees your Account, and let the Vice President and Assistants have a Duplicate thereof. They transmitted your Account of the Application of the former £200. which was very satisfactory to the Trustees.

This Letter is your Authority to receive the Issue of the £ 200. in Sola Bills now order’d by the Trustees for the abovementioned Purpose.

Harman Verelst to James Habersham, March 5, 1750/1, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 68, telling of sola bills and other items sent to Ga. By the Charming Nancy, Capt. White.

Sir

I have sent, consign’d to Mr. Wm. Hopton of Charles Town by this Conveyance, to be forwarded to you, a small box containing £800 in Sola Bills, to be issued under the Direction of the Vice President and Assistants; with several Letters, which you will take Care of according to their Directions; There is also a Box of Books, with some Purple Cloth and a Silver Cup and Patin therein, and two Boxes of Glass, in Sash Squares, to be forwarded to Augusta for the Use of the Church there, and Mr. [Jonathan] Copp the Missionary appointed for that Place, who goes by this Conveyance.

[P.S.] The small Box is directed to the Vice President and Assistants, and the 3 others are mark’d G x C No. 1 to 3.

Harman Verelst to Capt. George Cadogan, John Rae, James Frazer, James Campbell, and David Douglass at Augusta, March 5, 1750/1, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 68-69, telling of supplies and books sent for the church at Augusta. By the Charming Nancy, Capt. White.

Gentlemen

Mr. [James] Habersham the Trustees Secretary in Georgia, forwards to you a Box of Books mark’d G x C No. 3, in which are seven Yards of fine Purple broad Cloth for the Pulpit, and Communion Table, and a Silver Cup and Patin; And also forwards two Boxes of Glass Sash Squares for the Church Windows at Augusta, cut from the Plan you sent over, mark’d G x C No. 1 & 2. The Number of the Squares are 340 (including 28 spare Ones) and are computed for 32 Squares in each Sash for the 8 Side Windows of the Church, and 56 Squares for the Window at the Altar, whereby the middle part of that Window may be made two Lights higher than the other Windows, taking 40 Squares for that middle part, and one Light of each Side thereof no higher than the Side Windows, taking 8 Squares of a Side of the said middle part; Which middle Square being turn’d down with Plaistering to join the two Side Heights will form an handsome Window for that Part of the Church. The Books in the Box No. 3 (besides 16 Common Prayer Books, and 1 Book of West and Lyttelton on the Resurrection, which were deliver’d Mr. [Jonathan] Copp, the Missionary appointed for Augusta) are, a large Church Bible, and folio Common Prayer Book, 6 Books of the Importance of a Religious Life consider’d, 12 Books call’d Faith and Practise of a Church of England Man, 7 Bibles, 13 Duty of Man, 12 Companion for the Sick, 50 Dr. Gouch’s shewing how to walk with God, 20 Help and Guide to Christian Families, 6 Common Prayer Books, 12 the young Christian instructed, 11 West and Lyttelton on the Resurrection, 12 Spelling Books, 2 Nelson’s Fasts and Festivals, and 1 Christian Pilgrim. The Particulars of which you have this Notice.

Benjamin Martyn to James Habersham, March 8, 1750/1, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 69-71, concerning mail received, vacant lots, silk culture, Habersham’s journal, and Ebenezer lands. By the Charming Nancy, Capt. White.

Sir

Two days ago I rec’d the Box (with the several Letters and Papers in it) which You sent by the Friendship Capt. Folger, which I can now only acknowledge the Receipt of by Capt. White, as he is preparing to sail immediately; However You may depend on it, and must assure the Vice President and Assistants, that the Trustees will soon take into Consideration this Proceedings, and the several Letters sent by them and You, that They may send their Orders fully thereon by Capt. Lesslie in the Charming Martha, who will in about three Weeks sail directly for Port Royal.

Among other Things You may expect, I believe, their Directions about the Lots which have become vacant, either by the Death of former Possessors, without their leaving any Heirs to claim them, or by their totaly relinquishing them for Years contrary to the Conditions of their Grants, and some perhaps by their never being occupied from the beginning.

I cannot omit this Opportunity of signifying to you the Satisfaction which the Trustees have in the Reception which you gave Mr. [Pickering] Robinson, and the Vice President, Your Self, and Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius acting so readily in Concert with him. The Trustees hope and doubt not but, this Union will be establish’d, and will continue, as it must be the surest Means of promoting effectually the Culture of Silk, which is now becoming the Object of the Publick here, as it has long been a principal One with the Trustees. They are pleas’d with the Filature which is erecting at Savannah, and as the Curiosity of the Inhabitants must lead them to see this, and observe the Facility with which They can carry on this Produce at their own Plantations, it is not doubted but the good Examples set by the Magistrates, join’d with their Exhortations will bring them at last to know their own Interest. The Trustees will expect with Impatience the Account of this Year’s Produce. You will therefore take the first Opportunity of sending it, and at the same time some Calculation, or Guess, whereabouts the next Year’s may probably amount to, which may in some Measure be form’d, from the Increase of Mulberry Trees planted, from the Increase of the Silk Worm Seed, and of the Number of People applying themselves thereto. Tho’ the Silk wound by Mrs. Gautier was not properly done, yet as She did it without any Instruction, and without the proper Implements, it is a great Proof of her Ingenuity, as well as her Industry; The Trustees therefore think you did very well in giving her those Encouragements you did, and whatever further Ones may be necessary to induce her to persevere, the Trustees direct the President and Assistants to give her, because She has set so good an Example to the other Inhabitants.

The Trustees approve of your Method of keeping your Journal, and they are glad to find by your Letter of the 31st. of December last, that They may expect Accounts of the several Ships which have been loaded at Georgia for Eighteen Months past, with the Manifests of their Cargoes; And They hope you will add your Observations on what may have hinder’d the introducing more Shipping hitherto, and what may contribute to it for the future.

As the Trustees are sorry to find the Uchee Land turns out so indifferent, contrary to Expectation, and the Reports of it. They are pleas’d with the Zeal you have shewn for the Settlement of Ebenezer, and for accommodating the Old Inhabitants there with proper Portions of good Land, They having undoubtedly a prior Right to late Comers; As it is necessary however that these and any future Ones should be as near as possible to Ebenezer, both for Spiritual and Temporal Assistance, whatever good Lands can be found within any tolerable Distance of Ebenezer must be particularly reserv’d for those Germans, who shall hereafter be inclin’d to join that Settlement.

Benjamin Martyn to the Vice President and Assistants in Ga., March 11, 1750/1, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 71-72, concerning mail received, presents for Indians, and sending a copy of the treaty of peace with Spain. By the Charming Nancy, Capt. White.

Sir & Gentlemen

As Capt. White in the Charming Nancy is on the Point of Sailing, I can only acknowledge by this the Receipt of the Box, with your Proceedings, Letter and other Papers, by the Friendship Capt. Folger, which was brought to the Office five Days ago. The Trustees will very soon take into Consideration the Matters contain’d in the several Papers, and then I shall be able to send their Directions fully by Capt. Lesslie in the Charming Martha, who will sail directly for Port Royal in about 3 Weeks. There is One Thing however, about which I must take this Opportunity of sending their Orders, as the Presents for the Indians are going by this Ship. In your Proceedings on the 21st. of July 1750,⁴⁷ you take Notice of Malatchee and some Indians with him having done a good deal of Mischief to the Plantations of John Millidge and [John] Kays, out of Revenge for thier having, the former especially, publickly discountenanc’d their Behaviour at Savanah, when they acted in so riotous a Manner; And You submit it to the Trustees, whether it may not be proper to stop, out of their Quota of the next Presents to be given to Malatchee and those Indians, sufficient to make Good the Damage They did. The Trustees are absolutely of Opinion You should not, lest it should exasperate them to do more Mischief; But when the Presents are deliver’d to them by the Agent, it will be proper for him to represent to them, that in Case They do any Mischief hereafter to any Inhabitant of the Colony, either in his Person, or Plantations, proper Notice will be taken of it; and those Indians, who shall be guilty, will be distinguish’d from the rest by having no Presents given to them.

You receive herewith inclos’d a printed Copy of the Treaty concluded at Madrid the 5th. of October last, between Mr. [Benjamin] Keene, his Majesty’s Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, and his Catholick Majesty’s Minister Plenipotentiary. This Copy was transmitted to the Trustees by his Grace the Duke of Bedford, his Majesty’s Principal Secretary of State, with his Majesty’s Orders that the Treaty should be made publick, and observ’d throughout the Colony of Georgia, to the End that the Inhabitants may reap the Benefit of his Majesty’s unwearied Endeavours for procuring them such Commercial Advantages, and avoid giving the least Ground for such Complaint, as may, in any wise, interrupt the good Harmony, so happily establish’d between the two Crowns. And this the Trustees expect you will take particular Care of.

Benjamin Martyn to the Vice President and Assistants in Ga., April 18, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 73, concerning land for Capt. Philip Delegal. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir and Gentlemen

The Trustees have resolved to grant a Lot of 500d. Acres of Land to Capt. Philip Delegal, and They direct it to be laid out as soon as conveniently can be, and as near as possible to his Son Philip Delegal’s on the Fork of the little Ogeeche River; Or if there is not a sufficient Quantity of good Land for his Lot at that Place, it must be laid out for him in any other Part He or his Agent commission’d by him may like best, Provided it does not incroach on what is granted to any other Person.

Benjamin Martyn to the Vice President and Assistants in Ga., April 27, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 73-75, concerning refusal of Trustee petition for funds, Trustee belief that funds will be provided, death of the Prince of Wales, Joseph Ottolenghe to go to Ga., and Negro act before Board of Trade. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir and Gentlemen

As Capt. Lesslie’s Ship is fallen down to Gravesend, and a Person is waiting to carry this Letter to be sent by his Ship, I can write you but a few Lines at present; However, I must acquaint you with a late Transaction, lest the hearing of it from others, aggravated by their Conjecturs (especially they being ignorant of what has pass’d subsequent to it) might make a melancholly Impression on your Selves, and the Inhabitants of the Colony.

The Trustees Petition for a Supply met with a Refusal a few days ago in the Committee of the House of Commons; But this has not in the least dishearten’d them; On the Contrary, with their accustom’d Zeal for the Welfare of the Colony, the Trustees have represented the Importance of it, and the Consequences of neglecting it, in such a Light to the Administration, that They have no doubt of receiving the same Supply which They had last Year, tho’ it may be granted to them in another Manner; Nay, They have great Reason to believe that this Disappointment will in the End have an happy Effect, in securing more firmly the Independency of the Colony, and the Rights and Properties of the People. These great Ends, I can assure you, the Trustees are incessantly labouring to obtain and secure, and I believe, I shall soon have the Pleasure of sending you an account of their Success. There was a large Meeting of the Trustees at Lord Shaftesbury’s four days ago, and their Treaty with the Administration for these Purposes is in the fairest Way of succeeding imaginable. They direct me therefore to desire you will not be alarm’d your Selves, and will do your utmost to prevent the Inhabitants being so, at any Reports You may hear from any Persons in South Carolina on Account of the Money being refused on the Petition; And that You will not regard the Letters from other Persons here, that may tend to raise any Apprehensions on this Account, as some may probably be sent by Enemies of the Colony, but that You will be assured that their Sentiments are truly convey’d to you in this Letter.

On the 20th. of last Month his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales died of a violent Pleuritick Fever, to the inexpressible and general Grief of the Nation. This was signified to the Trustees, by the Secretary of State, and the Privy Council have sent them an Order for altering the Prayer for the Royal Family in every Part of the Publick Service, a Copy of which Order is herewith transmitted to You, that it may be signified to the several Ministers of the Gospel, who officiate in Georgia, who are to conform themselves thereto.

Mr. Joseph Ottolenghi takes his Passage in the Charming Martha with his Wife and a Servant; He is to reside in Georgia, as a Catechist for instructing the Negroes. He is a very sensible Man, and a serious well dispos’d Christian, and is much regarded by several Dignitaries of the Church, as well as by the Trustees. He is to have a Salary from the Society for propagating the Gospel, and another from the Associates of Dr. Bray; From his Knowledge, Zeal, and Temper there is great Reason to hope his Labour will not be in vain, and to make this the more effectual, the Trustees desire, and doubt not but, you will countenance and assist him to the utmost of your Power; As he has liv’d chiefly in a Silk Country, and is not unacquainted with the Culture of it, he may be of great Service in teaching and persuading the Negroes to apply themselves to it with Care.

There is a Proviso in the Act prepared by the Trustees for permitting the Use of Negroes, that the Female Negroes shall be instructed in the Art of reeling. This Act has been presented to the Council, and is still under the Consideration of the Lords of Trade, and the Trustees hope, it will not be long before it is presented, and receives his Majesty’s Consent.

Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, April 27, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 75, telling of mill stones and books sent. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

Your Letter of 29th. November last, desiring a pair of Mill Stones 3 feet 6 Inches wide p Diameter, and the Nether Mill Stone 12 Inches, and the Runner 10 Inches thick. They are sent by this Conveyance mark’d C X C, and are the whitest Sort that could be got; And you will receive a Box of Books Mr. [Friedrich Michael] Zeignehagen desired me to forward to you, which is mark’d H. Bolzius Ebenezer. Which I hope will come safe to hand.

Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., July 10, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 76-82, concerning memorial to King on utility of Ga., need of proof that Ga. in a thriving state, actions of Assembly in Ga., Assembly not to enact laws, no equity court to be created, Negro tax, action on Assembly recommendations, Trustees’ Garden, Indian trade, appointment of officials, Salzburgers to come to Ga., and orders for praying for the royal family. By the Ann & Elizabeth, John Hunt; by the Antelope, Capt. MacClellan.

Sir and Gentlemen

I acquainted you in my Letter dated April the 27th. by the Charming Marth Capt. Lesslie, that the Trustees Petition for a Supply had miscarried in the Committee of the House of Commons; But that this had not slacken’d their Zeal for the Welfare of the Colony; As a Proof of this, I must now acquaint you, that They have presented a Memorial to his Majesty setting forth the Steps They have taken in establishing it, and the present State of the Province with regard to the Number of the People (some Enemies having propagated with great Industry a Notion that there are very few in it), with regard likewise to the Produces, especially the Silk, and the great Reason there is to expect that this will prove considerable from the Application of the Inhabitants to it; They have set forth also the great Use the Colony has already been of to South Carolina, the great Advantages which may be hop’d for from it to the Publick, and the bad Consequences which may attend the neglecting it. This Memorial is now before the Government for their Consideration, and I can assure you, the Trustees neglect no Means nor Time to render it effectual; In the mean while, as you see how great the Industry of the Enemies of Georgia has been to undermine and destroy it, You will see how much depends on the Industry of its Inhabitants on the other hand to support its Being and Credit. It is become therefore absolutely necessary for you to send by the first Opportunity, the strongest and most Authentick Proofs you can, that the Colony is now in a thriving State.

I rec’d the Box directed to me, and brought by the Laird of of Urie Campbell; And I laid before the Trustees the several Representations of the Assembly, and your Letters, and Mr. [James] Habersham’s Journal, which were contain’d therein.

The Trustees are very well satisfied with the Conduct of the Assembly, tho’ They do not see any immediate Occasion for granting what is desired in two or three of the Representations, as I shall acquaint you in the Progress of this Letter.

The Representation relating to the Reserv’d Lands, and the Reasons in it against suffering private Persons to purchase these Lands from the Indians appear to the Trustees to have been well consider’d; And They direct me to acquaint You, that They are much concern’d to find Mr. Thomas Bosomworth persists in so Unnatural, undutiful, and illegal an Attempt, as to enter into Treaties with any Indians for the purchase of Lands within the Bounds of his Majesty’s Charter, for by the Treaty with the Creek Nation made in the Year 1733, and confirm’d and explain’d by Another in 1739, it is declar’d by the Indians, that They will not suffer any Persons whatsoever to settle on the Lands in the Colony, but the Trustees; And therefore They could not treat with any other Person for the Sale of the Reserv’d Lands; Nor can any Title be made to these but by an Agreement to be made betwixt the Trustees and the Creek Nation in general. The Trustess are glad to find Mr. Patrick Graham is gone up to the Creek Nation with Instructions and full Powers to purchase these Lands with the Presents, which have been sent over; And hope They shall hear he has succeeded; In the mean time, you must immediately give Publick Notice, in the Name of and by Order of the Trustees, that All his Majesty’s Loving Subjects are caution’d to avoid entering into any Bargains with the Bosomworths for such reserv’d Lands, that They may not be deceiv’d by laying out their Money for the Purchase of Lands, to which the Bosomworths have, and can make no Title.

The Trustees have already laid before the Government the two Representations of the Assembly, relating to the Junction of the Province with South Carolina, and relating to the Reduction of the Quit Rents; Which They have back’d themselves with the strongest Reasons They could give, and are now expecting the Issue. In the mean time to shew You, They neglect nothing in their Power to preserve the Independency of the Colony, They send over by this Opportunity a Constitution for a perpetual Assembly of the People, the last being only for one Year.

That Part of the Representation relating to the Silk, which mentions the general Application of the Inhabitants to this Produce, gives the Trustees great Pleasure; And they hope this will be persever’d in, it being the surest Foundation the Inhabitants can stand on. The other Part of the Representation, which says, Their Hopes of making Silk a Staple are founded on the Continuance of the Encouragements granted by the Trustees for a certain Number of Years, You must be sensible the Trustees can give no Answer to at this Juncture; But there may be a more proper Time hereafter for such an Application to the Government. In the mean while you must acquaint the Inhabitants, that the strongest Inducement, which can be laid before the Government for their continuing such Encouragements, will be the Progress made in this Produce; For, as this advances, so will the Attention of the Publick to the Utility of the Province, and the Desire of still farther promoting it. It will be absolutely necessary therefore for you to send over as soon as possible a full Account, authenticated in the best Manner you can, of the Silk reel’d in the Province this last Season, and at the same Time an Account of the several Persons applying themselves thereto; and from thence, and the Increase of the Mulberry Plantations, the best Calculation you can make of what Silk may be rais’d in the next Spring and how this may be increas’d from Year to Year.

The Representation of the Assembly, desiring the Power of making By Laws, and that there may be in force ‘till disapprov’d of by the Trustees, has been taken into Consideration; And the Trustees direct me to say, that They very much dislike the Proposal, and They cannot see any immediate Occasion for granting such a Power; But on the Assembly’s proposing any Laws which may be thought requisite, They know, and may depend on it, that the Trustees will lose no Time in forming and procuring them.

The Trustees have consider’d the Representation of the Assembly, desiring that a Court of Equity may be appointed at Savanah, that such Persons who think themselves aggriev’d by any Verdict on Judgment in the Town Court might appeal to; And They have order’d me to tell you, that They think such a Court would prove of bad Consequence, as it would tend to the Encouragement of vexatious Suits, and must detain the Inhabitants too long from the Business of their Plantations.

The Trustees have likewise taken into Consideration the Representation of the Assembly, desiring that such Persons, who bring Negroes into the Province from South Carolina, or other Provinces, may not be obliged by the Negro Act to pay any Duty on the Importation of their Slaves; And that those, who had Negroes on their Plantations, before They were permitted to introduce them, may be likewise free from the said Tax; And They have directed me to acquaint you, that They cannot see any Reason for granting such an Indulgence, especially as the Duty is so low as 15s. on each Negro, and as the Application of the Duty will be for the Good of the Province in general; Besides, the Act is now out of the Hands of the Trustees, and lying before the Government for their Consideration.

The Trustees have likewise consider’d the Representation of the Assembly relating to the District of Savanah, and the several Requests contain’d therein; And in the first Place They are sensible that a Deck Boat would be very proper for the Pilot at Tybee; But as the maintaining such a One is beyond their Power, and as the Benefits of it would extend to the Navigation in general on that Coast, as well as the Province of Georgia in particular, They intend to lay this before the Government. The Fire Engine for the Town of Savanah the Trustees have granted, and One will be sent over as soon as conveniently can be, with two Lengths of Pipes, and three dozen of Buckets. As to the making of publick Roads from Savanah to the distant Parts of the Colony, the Trustees cannot undertake it, and They think it reasonable that the Inhabitants should make these themselves, as They do in other Provinces; And the Method for doing this, and obliging the Inhabitants to it, may be proper for the Consideration of the Assembly, that a Law for this Purpose may be form’d on their Proposals. The Trustees approve of your Application of the Sum of £25 Sterl. for repairing the Storehouse, in Order to convert it into a convenient Market, as propos’d in the Representation, and the Report of Messrs [Pickering] Robinson and [Noble] Jones; But as to the Expence of building a Piazza at the Front and two Ends, and an Apartment for the Clerk of the Account, They cannot undertake it. You see with how much Difficulty the Trustees obtain any Money for the Support of the Government of the Colony, and how much They are confin’d in the Sum granted them, and must therefore be sensible They cannot divert the Sums appropriated for this, and for the Encouragement of the Silk to All the publick Buildings which might be usefull. It was to provide for these, the Trustees laid the Duty on the Importation of Negroes, and you see how necessary it was. The Trustees indeed think it is time the Inhabitants should do something themselves for the Repairs of the Publick Works, and They hope the Method for this will soon be taken into Consideration by them. The Repairs of the Lighthouse are not immediately requisite, since the whole Foundation has been lately repair’d, as appears by the Report of Messrs. Robinson and Jones. As to the preserving the Weather Boarding from the Injuries which may be done to it by the Weather, a Method propos’d by Dr. [Stephen] Hales is inclos’d with this, and the necessary Materials from hence will be sent by this Ship; And it is hop’d this Paint will prove of great Service in all the Buildings, both publick and private.

The Trustees observe in the Report of Mr. Robinson and Mr. Jones, that the Trust Garden of ten Acres is gone to Decay, & that the Ground is found too bad for Mulberry Trees, but that there are four large Olive Trees in it, which seem to thrive well, and have blossom’d and bore Fruit. Nature has pointed out to you, that these Trees are proper to be planted there, and wherever the Soil is like it, which should be recommended to the Inhabitants. It is well known in other Countries, as Italy and France, that the same Soil is never fit for the Mulberry and the Olive Trees.

The Representation of the Assembly relating to the District of Darien &c. has also been laid before the Trustees, who find by your Letter of the 25th. of last February, that the Principal Thing applied for in the Representation, vizt. a Conservator of the Peace and a Constable has been taken Care of by you, in appointing Capt. John Mackintosh for the Conservator and Mr. Audly Maxwell Conservator for the District of Midway River and Great Ogeeche, in Order to decide little Controversies, and trifling Debts under 40s. Sterl., with the Assistance of three creditable Neighbouring Freeholders; And the Trustees approve of the said Persons appointed by you. As to the Application for two Pilots with Boats to be station’d at St. Simon’s, and at Pine Island on Ossabaw Sound, the Trustees agree to what You say in your aforesaid Letter, that in the present State of the Southern Part of the Province, such an Expence can answer no valuable Purpose. But that Part of the Representation, desiring that a small Party may be station’d at the Pass on the Road to Augustine over the Alatamaha River, will be laid before the Government, as such a Party may be necessary not only to prevent the Incursions of Spanish and other Indians, but to prevent the running away of Negroes to Augustine.

The Trustees have taken also into Consideration the Representation of the Assembly relating to the District of Augusta setting forth, that the Indian Trade in the Province is almost entirely monopoliz’d by a Company of seven Persons at Augusta, who have not only a general Store in Augusta, but have likewise Each of them Licences for different Towns in the Indian Nations. The Trustees are very sensible of the many Inconveniencies attending any kind of Monopolies, and will discourage them as far as lies in their Power; They think that You, Sir, as Commissioner for licensing the Trade with the Indians, may in some measure prevent this Monopoly for the future, by refusing Licenses to such Persons as are engag’d in it; But in Order to make it more effectual, the Trustees will apply to the proper Persons in the Government here, that Instructions may be sent for confining the licensing Traders with the Creeks, Chickesaws, and other Nations to the West and South West, to the Province of Georgia; And with the Cherokees, Cuttawbaws, and other Nations to the Northward, to the Province of South Carolina.

Some Standard Weights and Measures are sent by this Ship, and as Augusta is the principal Place for carrying on the Trade with the Indians, these must be sent thither, and the Indians must be inform’d that the Trustees, always mindfull of their Friendship, have sent these, that strict Justice may be done them. If any such Weights or Measures are wanted in other Places, they may be made in Wood after these.

The Trustees have appointed You, Mr. [Henry] Parker, President of the Province in the Room of Mr. [William] Stephens; and the Appointment is now sent. They have also appointed Mr. Pickering Robinson and Mr. Francis Harris Assistants, as They think it may be of Service to them to stand in that Rank, when the Government of the Colony comes to be new model’d; But ‘till the Trustees are assur’d what Steps will be taken by the Government on the Memorial, They cannot put these Gentlemen on the Estimate. An Appointment is also sent over for Mr. Noble Jones as Register with the same View, but he cannot be put on the Estimate for the aforesaid Consideration. Appointments likewise of Mr. John Rae and Mr. James Campbell, Conservators of the Peace at Augusta, Mr. Audly Maxwell Conservator for the District of Midway River and Great Ogeeche, and Mr. John Mackintosh a Conservator at Darien, pursuant to your Recommendations, are sent over likewise by this Ship.

P.S. The Trustees have just received Advice that 158 Saltzburghers will be here in a fortnight, and are to embark for Georgia at their own Expence, in Order to be settled at Ebenezer. Herewith you receive a Copy of the Order of Council for Praying for Their Royal Highnesses George Prince of Wales, The Princess Dowager of Wales, The Duke, The Princesses, and all the Royal Family; to be Published in the Churches in Georgia.

Harman Verelst to James Habersham, July 13, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 82, telling of bundles sent on the Ann and Elizabeth. By the Ann and Elizabeth, John Hunt.

Sir

By this Conveyance I have by the Trustees Order forwarded to Charles Town, to be sent you from thence by Mr. Wm. Hopton, the following Parcels shipp’d on board the Ann and Elizabeth, Capt. John Hunt, which I have acquainted the President and Assistants of, with the Purposes for which they were sent. G x C No. 1 a Jarr, No. 2 a Firkin, No. 3 a Firkin, a Case with an Engine, a Case with a Beam and Weights, a Matted Bundle with Planks and Ropes, Weights loose 3 of 56 lb. & 1 of 28 lb., and a Basket and a Bundle with Measures.

Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., July 13, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 83, telling of supplies sent on the Ann & Elizabeth. By the Ann and Elizabeth, John Hunt.

Sir & Gentlemen

By this Conveyance I have sent under Consignment to Mr. Wm. Hopton at Charles Town in South Carolina, to be forwarded by him to Mr. James Habersham; the Trustees Secretary in Georgia, the following Parcels mark’d G x C. vizt.

In a Jarr No. 1 25 Gallons of Linseed Oyl

In a Firkin No. 2 0 Cwt.: 3 Qrs.: 19 lb. of English Oaker

In a Firkin No. 3 1:0:17 of Spanish Brown

For Materials towards the Paint recommended in Mr. Martyn’s Letter to preserve Boards and Timber.

In a Case. A 3d Size Fire Engine for Savannah, with 2 forty feet Lengths of Pipes and Brass Screws, with 3 dozen of Buckets of the best Sort.

As also the following Parcels, to be sent to Augusta, as by Mr. Martyn’s Letter. vizt.

In a Case and Matted Bundle. A very good large Square End Beam fitted with Steel Square Hooks, Rings and Swivels, Ropes and Planks, fit to weigh 200 or 300 in an End, and small Weights, of 14 lb. 7 lb, 4 lb, 2 lb, & 1 lb. 1/2 lb & 1/4 lb Brass. And loose, 3. 56 lb. of the best Iron Weights well adjusted, and a 28 lb. wt. Brass.

In a Basket. An Iron bound 1/4 Peck Corn Measure, Do. 1/2 Peck, Do. Peck, Do. 1/2 Bushel, Do. Bushel, a Quart, Pint, and 1/2 Pint Wood Measure; and a Gallon, Quart, Pint, and 1/2 Pint, Copper Ale Measures.

In a Bundle. A Lignum Vitea Role, and 3 Seal’d Yards, and 3 Seal’d Ells.

Harman Verelst to Gen. James Oglethorpe, July 6, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 84, asking payment of funds due to Trustees.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia in America having had no Supply granted for that Colony in the last Session of Parliament, and their Expences incurring without any Fund to answer them, but the Money due to them from Your Self and Others; I received their Commands this day to attend You with your Accompt, that the Balance thereof being £1,412:0:2 1/2 might be paid them, to carry on the Service of their Trust; But You being gone out of Town before I came, this waits upon You to know what Answer I am to give the Trustees and this Occasion.

Harman Verelst to Gen. James Oglethorpe, Aug. 12, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 84-85, asking payment of funds due to Trustees.

Sir

I having by the Trustees Order wrote to you the 6th. of last Month, that the Balance of your Accompt with them might be paid, to carry on the Service of their Trust; And you having been pleas’d to acquaint me, that the Discharge You had delivered in to their Charge was in your Favour, and that the Trustees Claims on You for Reimbursement of Articles in your Accompt with the Government were not payable until such Accompt was allowed by the Treasury on the Auditor’s State thereof; Which the Trustees apprehend You mistake, for such Sums were allowed by the Auditor as received by you to replace their Money.

I have thereupon received the Trustees Commands (in the Absence of the Secretary) to send you the inclosed State of the Sums defray’d with their Cash for his Majesty’s Service, which the Auditor has allowed You towards your Discharge of the Sums received by You from his Majesty for that Service; On which Allowance the said Sums were then payable to the Trustees by you.

As by their Disappointment in Parliament They are in great Want of the Money to carry on the Service of the Trust, They hope you will be pleas’d to pay into the Trustees Accompt at the Bank of England, the Balance due from You to them on the inclosed State being £1,411.10.21/2; Which They desire may be within the present Month of August, because the Trustees have at this Time so many Payments to make, that They hope You will be so kind as to forgive their being so pressing.

Harman Verelst to Gen. James Oglethorpe, Aug. 24, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 85, concerning Oglethorpe’s accounts with the Trustees.

Sir

Your Letter to the Trustees of the 17th. instant was this day laid before them,⁴⁸ wherein you mention, that besides the Account you delivered them some years since, there is another Account of Expences made by You for them not then brought in. Which the Trustees are Surprized at, and the more so, as you made no mention thereof the 17th. of January 1748 when you was present on the Delivery of your Account, which has been examined and determined.

They therefore desire you would as soon as possible, let them know what such further Demand you say you have on them is; The present Circumstances of the Trust admitting of no Delay.

Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., Aug. 26, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 86-89, concerning encouragement of silk culture, lumber sales, Ga. population, new land grants, lands for William Gerard Von Brahm and five Von Munchs, hope for Parliamentary grant, and Ga. expenses. By the Antelope, Capt. MacClellan.

Sir and Gentlemen

I wrote to You the Trustees Sentiments on the several Representations of the Assembly, by the Ann and Elizabeth Capt. Hunt; a Copy of that Letter is sent to you with this. I inform’d you therein, that the Trustees had presented a Memorial to his Majesty setting forth the State of the Colony, the Necessity of supporting, and the Consequences of abandoning it, that this Memorial had been referr’d to the Lords Commrs. of his Majesty’s Treasury, and the Lords of Trade, but They had not then made any Report thereon. I can now give you the Pleasure of letting you know, that They have, tho’ the Council have not yet taken their Reports into Consideration, as They were made but just before the Adjournment for the Vacation. The Lords of Trade had a Conference with the Trustees, when They made their Inquiry into the State of the Province, and They were so well satisfied, by the Papers then laid before them, of the Importance of it, that They have made a very full and favourable Report, and particularly have given it as their Opinion, that the Colony ought not to be annex’d to South Carolina, but should be preserv’d an Independent Province. And They have annex’d to their Report the Representation of the Assembly against uniting them.

The Trustees have rec’d a Letter from Georgia with an Advertisement publish’d by you in May last, taking Notice of their Orders for paying the People for their Silk Balls in proportion to the Value of the same, and likewise for the Silk reel’d from the Balls, with the several Prices in proportion to the Goodness of it, and that at the End of the Advertisement you give Notice, That “to prevent Disputes, and give a general Satisfaction, you would pay the following Prices to all Persons for Cocoons, after sorted, rais’d within the Colony, who should deliver them as aforesaid cur’d or bak’d, which you found by several Experiments would be equal to what was allow’d by the Trustees on the several Assortments of Cocoons and Silk aforesaid; Namely, for the first 3s/6, for the second ls/6, and for the third Sort ls/ld.” Tho’ this Calculation comes near the Prices propos’d by the Trustees, yet as it was not thoroughly understood, by the Inhabitants, the Trustees find it has given a Dissatisfaction to some of them; The Trustees are sensible the Method propos’d was prudently intended, and there might be good Reasons for it, yet as it is absolutely necessary that the People themselves should have no Doubts, and should at the same time have all the Encouragements that can be given, to begin, and persevere in the Culture of Silk, by receiving immediate Payments on producing their Silk Balls; And likewise to obviate any Doubts you Your Selves might have about interpreting the Trustees former Orders, They again repeat them, that the Inhabitants be paid for their Cocoons or Silk Balls, in the Proportions before prescrib’d by their Letter November 25th. 1749, on the Delivery of their Balls, and that They be paid afterwards for the Silk reel’d from the Balls, in the aforesaid proportions; But Notice must be given that, in Order to ascertain the Silk being reel’d from the said Balls, and to prove it’s being the Produce of Georgia, it may be proper for those, who expect to receive the Bounty on the Balls, to leave them to be reel’d off at the Publick Filature; Or if They can and will reel the Silk from them at their own homes, this should be certified on Oath to be reel’d from the same Balls on which They rec’d the Bounty, the Sum of which must be specified in the Certificate. Notice must likewise be given, that the Inhabitants cannot suffer, nor be paid for the Silk disproportion’d to the Value of their Balls, in having these bak’d, and their Silk reel’d at the publick Filature; Because the Balls of the first Sort are bak’d together, so are those of the second, and those also of the third. The Trustees wish you had acquainted them with any Uneasiness among the Inhabitants about the manner of paying them, and if you can suggest any Method for encouraging them to forward this Culture in a better manner, They expect You will.

I acquainted you, in mine of the 10th. of July last, of the Necessity there is for your sending over Authentick Proofs of the Colony’s being in a thriving State; I must now repeat the Trustees Directions herein; not only for Accounts of the Increase of your Produces, but also of the Ships freighted from the Colony with Lumber, and as near as you can the Number of the Inhabitants, and to be sent by the first Opportunity.

I must likewise put you in Mind of the Trustees Directions in my Letter dated July 14th. 1750, that Notice should be given to all the Landholders, that Each of these should, as soon as conveniently he could, give to you and the Assistants in Writing the Date of his former Grant, with a Description of the Lands, that new Grants might be made to them free from the several Restrictions formerly in their Grants; And that a limited Day should be named by your for this giving in the Description of their Lands. The Trustees cannot but wonder that They have heard nothing from you relating to this, because They are impatient to ascertain all the People’s Property in their Lands, as soon, and as strongly as They can, which it becomes more necessary for them to do, as their Time of Government is so near it’s Period.

By this Ship (the Antelope Capt. Mac Clellan) 161 German Protestants are embark’d for Georgia, of whom 57 are Men, 50 Women, 26 Boys, and 28 Girls. They are to be settled at, or as near to Ebenezer as They can be, and 50 Acres must be run out as soon as possible for the Men of 21 Years, who are not Servants. There are among them two Gentlemen, vizt. Mr. [David] Kraaft, who is to have 500 Acres contiguous to Ebenezer, and Mr. Von Brahm, who has the Care of conducting the whole Body. To this Gentleman likewise 500 Acres are granted, his Name is William Gerard Von Brahm. His Land is to be laid out with 2500 Acres more, which are granted in 5 Lots of 500 Acres each, to Mr. Christian [Chretien] Von Munch, Mr. Thomas Von Munch his Eldest Son aged 29, Mr. Charles Von Munch his second Son, aged 27, Mr. Christian Von Munch aged 25 his third Son, and Mr. Remegius Von Munch aged 34 his Son in Law. These six Lots of 500 Acres each are likewise to be contiguous to Ebenezer, and are to be laid out together as Mr. Von Brahm is to have the Care of cultivating them till the other Proprietors arrive. He has some Servants with him, and more will soon be following. He has been a Captain in the Bavarian Service, but was forc’d to quit on being converted from Popery. He is esteem’d a good Engineer, and as he is desirous of running out the 3000 Acres himself, the Trustees consent that he should, with the Surveyor. All the Servants are to have 50 Acres each Man, when out of their Time.

There were on the 5th. of June 1749 some Working Tools in the Store at Frederica. The Germans of this Embarkation must be assisted with them, and an Account sent over of the Particulars so applied. A Copy of the Charterparty is sent with them. And there is a Box for Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius sent by this Ship, mark’d H.P. Bolzius.

The Parliament will meet this Year in the beginning of November. The Trustees intend to make their Application to them for Money as soon as possible; And as They have Reason to believe They shall succeed in it, They will, when assur’d of Success, without Loss of time, send over sufficient Sums to reimburse what has been expended on the Silk, and other Accounts; But it is absolutely necessary that a clear State should be made of this, and of what You think may be wanted for the Silk next Season, and should be sent by the very first Opportunity, and likewise a State of your other Payments for Salaries.

Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, Aug. 24, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 89-91, concerning silk culture, sawmill, Salzburger prosperity, more Germans to Ga., land for Von Munchs, Von Brahm, and Kraaft. By the Antelope, Capt. MacClellan.

Sir

I rec’d the Favour of your Letter dated May the 1st and likewise your Letter to Mr. [Samuel ?] Lloyd, which I immediately forwarded to him. I laid your Letter to me before the Trustees, who are extreamly pleas’d with the Account you give of the Silk Business being in a prosperous Condition at Ebenezer. You are so justly sensible of the many Advantages which this Produce will gain and secure for your Settlement, and the Colony of Georgia in general, that it is needless to dwell on, or make any farther Observations to you; Your Zeal is already sufficient, and so is your Knowledge of the great facility, with which the Silk can be rais’d, and increas’d, till it becomes a considerable Staple. It differs from almost all other Produces in this, vizt. the Market can never be overstock’d, it will always, if good, be sure of a great and ready Price for it, and interferes with no other Produce. The Trustees are impatient to hear what Quantity you rais’d this last Season, and They desire You will by the first Opportunity acquaint me by a Letter, what Quantity you may reasonably expect to raise the next Season. A Judgement of this may be form’d from the Increase of your Mulberry Plantations, the Quantity of Seed which you have reserv’d, and the Number of young Women at your Settlement, who have learnt the Art of reeling. The Trustees will be able from hence to judge what Increase of Silk may be annually expected, adn it may be of Use to the Colony for the Publick to know it. You speak of Difficulties and Obstacles which have been thrown in the Way of Mr. [Pickering] Robinson and Mr. [James] Habersham in conducting this Affair. Such are always to be expected in every Undertaking, how easy and beneficial soever it may be, but They should rather animate than discourage those who are concern’d in it, and the Trustees don’t doubt but They will have this Effect on you, as well as Mr. Robinson and Mr. Habersham. What are plainly the Effects of Idleness or Envy are only to be disregarded.

It was a great Pleasure to the Trustees to see the Saltzburghers have finished another Saw Mill, and so much to your Satisfaction. By means of these the Trade for Lumber between Georgia and the Sugar Islands will be greatly increas’d, and the Saltzburghers will quickly reap the Fruits of their Industry. Directed and animated by you, They now enjoy that Happiness and Plenty which They wanted before, and it will be the constant Endeavour of the Trustees, that They may enjoy them in perfect Security. They will be continually seeing their Countrymen flocking in Order to partake of these Blessings with them. An Embarkation of 161 Persons is now making; They are lately come from Germany with Mr. [Peter] Schubdrein, who left you in February last. They are to be settled as contiguous to your Settlement as can be, and I shall send by them a Letter to the President and Assistants with the Trustees Directions to this Purpose. In the surveying the Lands for them, They and the Surveyor will doubtless consult with you. By a Letter from Mr. [Chretien] Von Munch, and by Letters from other Persons, the Trustees find They may shortly expect more Protestants from Germany, in Order to join and strengthen your Settlement. At Mr. Von Munch’s Desire, the Trustees have granted him 500 Acres of Land, and to four of his Sons 500 Acres each, and 500 Acres more to Mr. Gerard Von Brahm, who is to have the Care of the whole, and is going over, having this Embarkation under his Conduct. He is a Man of Parts, & Spirit, has been a Captain in the Bavarian Service, and is a very good Engineer. Mr. Von Munch speaks highly of him. I don’t doubt but he’ll be of great Service and Comfort to you. He carries his Lady over with him, as does another Gentleman, Mr. David Kraaft, to whom the Trustees have likewise given 500 Acres of Land, which are to be contiguous also to Ebenezer. A Chest with Books & Medicines from Hall[e] for You is just arrived, and sent by this Ship, it is directed thus H.P. Bolz. at Ebenezer.

With the sincerest Wishes for your Welfare.

Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., Aug. 26, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 91-92, telling of German protestants brought to Ga. By William Gerard Von Brahm. By the Antelope, Capt. MacClellan.

Sir and Gentlemen

By Order of the Revd. Mr. [Friedrich Michael] Zeigenhagen, his Majesty’s German Chaplain, I contracted for the Ship Antelope John Mac Clellan Master, for bringing over to Georgia the 161 German Protestants now imbark’d therein, on the Advice Mr. Zeigenhagen received from the Revd. Mr. [Samuel] Urlesperger at Augsburg in Germany, when on their Way to England to imbark at their own Expence.

I have sent a Copy of the Charter Party I enter’d into for that purpose to Mr. [James] Habersham, the Trustees Secretary in Georgia, and have desir’d him to inquire of Mr. [William Gerard] Von Brahm, the Gentleman who has the care of conducting the whole Body (and who has a Copy thereof in the German Language) how the said Charter party have been complied with in the Voyage, and acquaint the Trustees thereof; And if duly fulfill’d on the Ship’s Arrival in Georgia.

I have sent You a List of the People now added to the Colony thereby.

Harman Verelst to James Habersham, Aug. 26, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 92, concerning Germans coming to Ga., and packages for Ebenezer. By the Antelope, Capt. MacClellan.

Sir

Inclos’d is the Copy of a Charter party for the Ship Antelope John Mac Clellan freighted by me, by Order of the Revd. Mr. [Friedrich Michael] Zeigenhagen, which brings over 161 German Protestants from Germany at their own Expence. Mr. [William Gerard] Von Brahm, who has a German Copy thereof, and has the Care of conducting the whole Body, will acquaint you how it has been complied with in the Voyage, which you will communicate to the Trustees, as also whether duly fulfill’d on the Ship’s Arrival. I have sent to the President and Assistants a List of this Additional Number of Inhabitants to Georgia.

There is on board this Ship a Box from the King’s Warehouse mark’d H.P.B. for Ebenezer, and a Chest with Books & Medicines from Hal1[e] in Germany mark’d H.P. Bolz. at Ebenezer; Which you will take Care to forward with the People and their Baggage to Ebenezer.

There is no particular Bill of Lading for them, as the Ship’s whole Cargoe is for the same place; But I have advis’d Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius of them.

Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, Aug. 26, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 93, concerning Germans coming to Ga., and packages for Ebenezer. By the Antelope, Capt. MacClellan.

Revd. Sir

Mr. [Friedrich Michael] Zeigenhagen having desir’d my Chartering a Ship for the German Protestants now imbark’d at their own Expence on board the Antelope John Mac Clellan Master for Georgia; It gave me great Pleasure to be instrumental in assisting so large an Addition of Inhabitants to their Countrymen in Georgia, already made happy by your good Conduct and Influence over them.

The Number embark’d are 161, of which I have inclos’d you a List, and I got their Passage for £4:10:- Sterling each freight; as the Ship is to fetch Rice from Port Royal, the Owner could better afford it. I have sent Mr. [James] Habersham a Copy of the Charter Party, to examine how it has been fulfill’d, and Mr. [William Gerard] Von Brahm, who has the Care of conducting the whole Body, has a Copy thereof in the German Language.

There is on board this Ship a Box from the King’s Warehouse which came from Hamburgh about four Months ago, mark’d H.P.B. for Ebenezer, and a Chest from Hall[e] mark’d H.P. Bolz. a Ebenezer, which arrived in the River from Hamburgh but last Thursday; Both which I have desir’d Mr. Habersham to forward to you with the People and their Baggage. I took no particular Bill of Lading for them, by reason the Ship’s whole Cargoe is for the same Place.

Benjamin Martyn to Chretien Von Munch at Augsburgh, Aug. 27, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 94-95, concerning servants for Ebenezer, runaway servants, Germans going to Ga., land for Von Munch and his sons, and Trustee application for a Parliamentary grant.

Sir

I rec’d the honour of your Letter from Augsbourgh dated July 22d. by Mr. [Friedrich Michael] Zeigenhagen, and without Loss of time I laid it before the Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia. It gives them great Pleasure to see a Man of your Character interesting himself with so much Zeal for the Inhabitants of Ebenezer, and They should put the utmost Confidence in your knowledge for chusing Servants for them; But the Trustees find it absolutely out of their Power to contribute anything towards the Expence of sending them to Georgia. They having been disappointed in a late Application to Parliament for Money for the Colony. They are very sensible of the great Use and Benefit, Servants would be of to the Inhabitants, and heartily wish They had Ability to send a proper Supply of them. They are sorry They are oblig’d to give the same Answer with regard to the building an Hospital, and House of Correction, and likewise the Physician as you propose, which at the same time They think very proper. They don’t doubt but by the prosperous Condition, into which the Saltzburghers are now getting, They will soon be able by their joint Labour to build such an House, and as They have great Numbers of Horses which They purchas’d, They may with Ease supply their Physician as he may want.

What you mention about the Runaway Servants being stopt in Carolina, and sent to their Masters at Ebenezer, has been under the Consideration of the Trustees; But This can only be effected by Orders from the Administration here to the Governor in South Carolina, which the Trustees have already applied for; But Sir, you will be sensible, that at such a Distance, it is often a long time before the Governors can be brought to put the Orders They receive in Execution; The Trustees however won’t fail to apply for fresh Orders, and stronger than the last might be.

The Trustees are restrain’d Sir, by their Charter from granting such a Quantity of Land as 3,000 Acres to any Person, or indeed more than 500; But They have done what will perhaps amount to the same, and They hope will be to your Satisfaction. They have granted to you 500 Acres, to your three Sons, your Son in Law, and Mr. [William Gerard] Von Brahm, 500 Acres each of them. Some of the Trustees were on board the Ship last Saturday, on which about 160 Persons from Germany embark’d under the Care of Mr. Von Brahm, to see that They were well accommodated; And They were much pleas’d to see they were so, and that the People were perfectly satisfied, and Orders are sent by the Trustees that They shall be furnish’d with Tools on their Arrival, and that their Land be immediately laid out for them. Mr. Von Brahm (who answers the Character you gave of him) carries Orders likewise for your’s, your Sons, and his Lot, to be immediately laid out under his Direction, and where he shall chuse it.

The Trustees propose making an Application to the Parliament for Money at their Meeting, which will probably be in November next; And if They find themselves enabled to pay the Passage of any Servants from hence to Georgia, I will not fail of giving you the earliest Notice of it, and of the Number They can pay for.

Benjamin Martyn to James Habersham, Aug. 28, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 95-97, concerning silk culture, silk culture with indigo and rice, Cherokee troubles, and militia regulations. By the Antelope, Capt. MacClellan.

Sir

The Packets were clos’d, which are to go by this Ship, the Antelope; But your Packet with two Letters to me of the 12th. and 13th. June, and others to Mr. Verelst (which was forwarded from Charles Town July 12th. by the Live Oak Capt. Rodger) arriving last Night. I have just Time (as the Antelope is now falling down the River) to acknowledge the Receipt of it, and to acquaint you with the great Satisfaction the Trustees have in the Zeal and Diligence shewn by Mr. [Pickering] Robinson and your Self in the Culture of the Silk. The Trustees wish you had receiv’d the Sola Bills sooner, but however your Bills drawn on Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd and Mr. Verelst are accepted (except Mr. [Bartholomew] Zouberbuhler’s).

As you both think an Additional Filature at Savanah absolutely necessary, and likewise a House to lodge and assort Cocoons, an Oven, and Well, and likewise a Filature at Ebenezer; And as You believe the Expence of the whole will not exceed £300, the Trustees are willing to do every Thing which may keep up and promote the present laudable Spirit in the Colony for the Improvemt. of the Silk, They therefore give their Consent to the erecting the said Works; And They will order the Number of Basons, of the Dimentions you recommended, to be got ready to send by the Ship charter’d by your Self and Partner.

Mr. Robinson and You both say, You will take Care that at the same time You shall spare no Pains to make the Filatures &c. usefull, They shall be done with the utmost Frugality; And therefore it is needless for me to dwell on this; But I must assure you that a Frugality in these Points, as well as in all others, is absolutely necessary.

It gives the Trustees no little Pleasure to see the Inhabitants are at last come into an Opinion of this Culture; And that They propose sending their Daughters, as well as their Young Slaves, to acquire the Art of reeling. They may by this means make every Branch of their Families highly usefull, and when once They have attain’d this knowledge, it is to be hop’d, nay believ’d, their Profit will not suffer it to lye unemploy’d. The Trustees will expect with Impatience the Silk reel’d off this Year, and both your Remarks on the Culture, and the Names of those Persons who were employ’d in the Filature, with the Accounts of the raw Silk Each of them produc’d.

Your Remarks in your Letter of June 13th. are very just Ones. People should apply themselves to different Cultures, and This They probably will do as They reap the Fruits of their Industry, and as this becomes habitual, The Culture of Silk won’t interfere with the Indigo, and Rice; But whilst their Attention is so closely twin’d to the first, it would be pity to divert it, till They have made some Progress, and then their Interest will keep it up.

You don’t distinguish whether the People kill’d by the Cherokee Indians belong’d to the Province of Georgia, or Carolina; But the Trustees suppose the last. What you did in regulating the Militia was very right. What you say about the Necessity of having the Colony better guarded, and that this would conduce to the Increase of the Settlements, will at a proper time be laid before the Government by the Trustees.

Harman Verelst to the Rev. Bartholomew Zouberbuhler, Aug. 28, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 97, telling him that his bill drawn on the Trustees was refused. By the Antelope, Capt. MacClellan.

Sir

In my Letter of the 26th. of October last I acquainted you, that your drawing for your Salary and Maintenance of the Servants for the Cultivation of the Land set a part for the Minister at Savannah, part of the Trustees Annual estimated Expences in Georgia, was contrary to the Trustees Method of Payment, for which Sola Bills are sent over.

Your Bills therefore in favour of Messrs. Harris and Habersham for £18:11:8 for the Quarter to Christmas 1750, and in favour of Messrs. Austin and Laurens for the like Sum for the Quarter to Lady Day last, are or will be both return’d, for I could not accept them for the above Reason.

Benjamin Martyn to Claudius Amyand, Aug. 28, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 98, concerning memorial to the King for funds for Ga.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia having rec’d the honour of a Letter from the Earl of Holdernesse dated the 26th. instant, signifying that “his Majesty having been pleas’d, upon the Resignation of his Grace the Duke of Bedford, to appoint his Lordship Secretary of State for the Southern Department, the Trustees were to address their Letters to him for the future; And his Lordship having been pleas’d to say he would be punctual in laying them before the King, and in transmitting to the Trustees such Instructions and Orders, as his Majesty might think fit to give for their Guidance and Direction.”

I am directed Sir by the Trustees, to desire you will return their Thanks to his Lordship for this obliging Notice and Offer, and as They are fully appris’d of his Zeal for the Interest of his Majesty’s Dominions in America, They desire you will lay before his Lordship the Copy of a Memeorial, lately presented to his Majesty, setting forth the State of the Province of Georgia, transmitted with this. The Memorial has been referr’d by the Council to the Lords Commissioners of his Majesty’s Treasury, and the Lords of Trade; And as it will, with their Reports, be soon taken into Consideration by the Lords of the Committee of Council, the Trustees flatter themselves with the hopes of his Lordship’s Presence at that Committee.

Harman Verelst to Pickering Robinson and James Habersham, Aug. 28, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 99, thanking them for encouraging silk culture. By the Antelope, Capt. MacClellan.

Gentlemen

I rec’d your Letter of the 7th. of June last, and the Bills you have drawn on me towards reimbursing your Advance of the Charges incurr’d in the Silk Manufacture are duly honour’d. Your Letter gave great Satisfaction, and the Trustees are very sensible of your great Service in promoting this usefull Manufacture; Which Increased Progress therein. They hope on the true Representation thereof, will produce a proper Effect in the necessary Encouragement being given to perfect so great a Work; To obtain which, the Trustees best Endeavours will be exerted in the next Session of Parliament.

Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., Aug. 28, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 99, telling of sola bills and Trustee finances. By the Antelope, Capt. MacClellan.

Sir and Gentlemen

I rec’d your Letter of the 7th. of June last, as also one from Messrs. Robinson and Habersham of the same date, advising me of £300 in five Setts of Bills of Exchange drawn on me towards their Reimbursement of the Charges incurr’d in the Silk Manufacture; Which I have duly honour’d for the forwarding so essential a Service. The Honouring of which Bills, and the £800 in Sola Bills, you have (since the said Draughts) received from Charles Town, forwarded there by the Charming Nancy Captain White in March last from this Office, will prove very assistive until you have a further Supply, which the Trustees will forward, as soon as They shall be enabled by a Vote in Parliament.

Benjamin Martyn to James Habersham, Oct. 3, 1751, London, C.O. 5/669, pp. 100-101, concerning the memorial of the Trustees to the King, draft for silk expences paid, application of Glasgow merchants for lands, land grants for settlers, silk worm seed from Portugal, and population of Ga. needed. By the Success, Capt. Jsaack [Isaack].

Sir

I acquainted the President and Assistants in my Letter dated the 27th. of last August, that the Memorial of the Trustees to his Majesty relating to the State of the Colony had been referr’d to the Treasury, and to the Lords of Trade, that a very favourable Report had been made on it by the Board of Trade, and that the Memorial with the Reports would be taken into Consideration by the Council, on their Meeting towards the latter End of this Month. As from the time of my last Letter to this, there has been no Meeting, you will readily imagine I can write no further on this head; Only this I may venture to assure you, the Trustees have no Reason to doubt of the Success of the Memorial particularly in securing the Independency of the Colony.

I acquainted you likewise by a Letter of the same Date in August, that the Trustees were very sensible of the Zeal Mr. [Pickering] Robinson and You had shewn for promoting the Culture of Silk; And that your Bills drawn on Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd and Mr. Verelst on this Account were accepted; They are now paid, but the Trustees being determin’d to have all Expences in the Colony defray’d by Sola Bills, They will send these in due time, as They shall be enabled, that there may be no Occasion for future Drafts on them.

The Trustees have had an Application from ten Persons, chiefly Merchants in Glasgow, for 500 Acres of Land Each of them. Their Names are, as follows. Messrs. John Stevenson, James Dennestone, Michael Herries, Alexander Walker, Andrew Blackburn, James Johnson, William Crawford, John Crawford, James Walker, & Richard Oswald, the last is a Merchant in London. Mr. James Walker, who is One of them, is soon to embark for Georgia, and on his sending advice of the several Lots being survey’d, the Other nine are to send over a proper Number of Servants to cultivate their several Lots. It is absolutely necessary that it should be a Condition of their Grants, to send over a proper Number of Servants to cultivate their Lands within twelve Months from the Survey of their Lots, or else that these should revert to the Trust, to prevent the Inconveniences of Lands being appropriated, and yet uncultivated, adjacent to other Plantations. As these ten Lots will take up a considerable Quantity of Land, it probably will be best to set them out towards the Southern Part of the Province, and the Trustees recommend it to the Magistrates, that particular Care be taken, in setting them out, not to straiten, incommode or discourage the Saltzburgh Settlements, which will be considerably and Yearly increasing.

Having mention’d these Grants, I must again repeat the Trustees Directions, which I acquainted you with in July 1750, and also last August, that no Time be lost in requiring all the Inhabitants to give in the Quantity of Acres They possess, with a Description of the Situation, and Boundaries of them, that full and free Grants may be made of the same, without the former Conditions, which were annex’d to the Grants; Because the Trustees would have nothing undone for the Welfare of the People, and the Security of their Properties.

As You last Year, and You and Mr. Robinson did this Year commend the Seed from the Portugal Silk Worms, a Relation of Lord Shaftesbury’s undertook to procure some from thence, and has lately receiv’d Advice of it’s being sent from Oporto, but withou mentioning the Quantity; I hope it will be soon sent to you, of which you shall have further Notice.

The Trustees are very impatient for an accurate Account of the Numbers of the People; If such a One is already sent, and more are since arriv’d in the Colony, a further Account must be sent without Loss of time, that the Trustees may lay it as accurately as possible before the Government.

Benjamin Martyn to James Habersham, Nov. 8, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 102-103, concerning basins for silk culture, silk culture encouragement, silk worm seed from Portugal, sola bills to be sent, population and land descriptions needed. By the Live Oak, Capt. Rodger.

Sir

I acquainted you by my Letter dated the 28th. of last August, by the Antelope Capt. Mac Clellan, that the Trustees had not only consented to the erecting an Additional Filature, a House to lodge and assort Cocoons, an Oven, and a Well at Savanah, & a Filature likewise at Ebenezer; But, that They had resolv’d also to send over the Number of Basons, and of the Dimensions, recommended by Mr. [Pickering] Robinson and your Self. A Case with half of these Basons is sent over to you with this by the Live Oak Capt. Rodger, and the Remainder will be sent by the first Opportunity.

I inform’d you also in my Letter dated October the 3d., that on your commending the Seed from the Portugal Silk Worms, a Gentleman had procur’d a Quantity from thence, but it was not arriv’d at that time. The Trustees have since receiv’d it, and it turns out extreamly to the Satisfaction of Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd. There are two Yards of Cloth quite cover’d with the Eggs, making in the whole about 16 Ounces; Half of these were sent, on the same Cloth on which they were laid, pack’d up in a Box, by the Success Capt. Isaack, and the other Moiety will be sent, in the same manner, if not by this Ship, by Another which will be soon sailing, and by which you will have a Letter of Advice of the Box either from Mr. Lloyd, or my Self. Mr. Lloyd thinks the People should not, out of Greediness or Ambition of making a great Quantity of Silk in one Year, strip their young Trees of all their Leaves, because They will be hurt, if not absolutely destroyed, by this Means; But he will I believe send Mr. Robinson or your Self his Sentiments on this Head.

You will see, by the Expence which the Trustees have resolv’d to be at in erecting the Filatures &c, that They have no Doubt of receiving a Supply this Session of Parliament for supporting the Colony; As soon as this is Voted, or They have a positive Assurance of it, They will immediately send over a sufficient Sum in Sola Bills to answer the Bounties on the Silk, and the Salaries to be paid in the Colony, that no Bills may be drawn on them for the future, by which They may know their certain Expences; In the mean time, as the Difficulty of their procuring Supplies must be so very evident to the President and Assistants, the Trustees expect They will embark them in no Undertakings or Expences, which are not unavoidably necessary.

I must again repeat to you, that the Trustees are very impatient for an Accurate Account of the Numbers of the People, and likewise the Quantity of Acres possess’d by the several Inhabitants, with a Description of the Situation and Boundaries of them, that full and free Grants may, without Loss of time be made of the same, without the former Conditions, which were annex’d to their Grants.

Harman Verelst to Harris and Habersham, Nov. 8, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 103-104, concerning payment for provisions and boat for soldiers in Ga., and bills of Bartholomew Zouberbuhler and Robinson and Habersham. By the Live Oak, Capt. James Rodger.

Gentlemen

Your Letter of the 18th. of May last I rec’d the 27th. of August fol. and the Trustees have paid Mr. [Samuel ?] Lloyd the £ 108.2.8. for the six Months Provisions you supplied the Detachments of Soldiers doing Duty in Georgia from 24 June 1750 to 22 Decr. foll.

On the 3d. of September last I applied on [Daniel] Demetre’s and your behalf to the Secretary at War for Warrants for the several Pay Bills for Boat Service to 27th. February last, by two Memorials, the one for that from 3d. Septr. 1749 to 27 Novr. foll, amounting to £114.10.8 1/2, and the other for the four Pay Bills from that time amounting to £377.16.2. But the Secretary of War being out of Town, I did not obtain the Warrants till last Month. The Charges of which last are as under. vizt.

Paid by Mr. Harman Verelst the 14th. of October 1751 for His Majesty’s Royal Sign Manual, countersign’d by the Secretary at War for £377.16.2 the Amount of 4 Pay Bills for Boat Service for the Detachments from the 3 Independent Companies in South Carolina, doing Duty in Georgia from 28 November 1749 to 27 February

Which List of Fees, let Demetre charge in the above Particulars in the first Pay Bill made out by him for Boat Service, after the Receipt of this Letter, as Charges paid by me for you in England, on receiving the Reimbursement of the Pay Bills for Boat Service in Georgia from 28 November 1749 to 27 February fol.; And I have wrote to the President and Assistants to allow the same therein; And the future Expence of like Pay Bills being thus reimbursed, you will be acquainted with as the Charges shall arise, to be Entered in the first Pay Bill after in like manner.

The Warrant for the £114.10.8 1/2 cost £3.13.6 in Charges, but that cannot properly be claim’d by Demetre, as it was for Service before he enter’d the Georgia Service. I therefore paid Mr. Lloyd for your Use only £481.16.10, and gave him the Accot. of the Charges I paid, being together £ 10.10.- which makes up the Sum of the five Pay Bills, and is £492.6.10.

Mr. [Bartholomew] Zouberbuhler’s Bill the Trustees did not think fit to honour, and he has been acquainted therewith.

Messrs. Robinson and Habersham’s Bills for £300 were ordered Payment of, and £250 of them are discharged, the Remainder has not yet been demanded.

Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., Nov. 9, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 105, concerning payment for provisions and boat for soldiers in Ga., bills of Robinson and Habersham, and basins for silk culture. By the Live Oak, Capt. Rodger.

Sir and Gentlemen

The four Pay Bills for Boat Service in Georgia from 28th. November 1749 to 27 February fol. certified in favour of [Daniel] Demetre amounting together to £377.16.2 have been reimbursed by the King’s Warrant on the Paymaster of the Army, and the Fees paid by me thereon amounted to £6.16.6, which I have acquainted Messrs. Harris & Habersham, and desired them to direct Demetre to charge the same in the next Pay Bill for Boat Service, after their Receipt of my Letter, which you will please to allow therein as a necessary Charge in England for the Reimbursement of this Service to February 27th. 1750/1, so defrayed by them; And on future Notices of further Fees paid for Reimbursement of subsequent Pay Bills, the like Allowances of the real Charges so paid here to be included in the next Allowance of any Pay Bills after, always mentioning the Time of Service so reimbursed, which occasion’d such Fees.

The Trustees order’d the £300 Bills drawn on me by Messrs. [Pickering] Robinson and [James] Habersham, with your Leave to be duly honoured; But Care will be taken to send Sola Bills for the future in due time, as the Trustees shall be enabled so to do; Of which I have acquainted Messrs. Robinson and Habersham, and return’d them the Trustees Thanks for their great Zeal in so very important a Service as the Silk Culture.

By this Conveyance 12 Copper Basons are sent over, pursuant to the Instructions Messrs. Robinson and Habersham sent to the Trustees Secretary; They are pack’d in 3 Cases mark’d G x C No. 1 to 3; and Mr. [William] Hopton is desired to send them from Charles Town to Mr. [James] Habersham.

Harman Verelst to Pickering Robinson and James Habersham, Nov. 9, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 106, telling of payment of bills for silk bounties and sending of basins for silk culture. By the Live Oak, Capt. Rodger.

Gentlemen

Your Letter to me of the 7th. of June last was laid before the Trustees, as also that of the same date from the President & Assistants permitting you to draw on me for £300 in Bills of Exchange (the Sola Bills sent in March before not being then arrived) for paying the Bounty on Cocoons, and for the Silk reel’d off. The Trustees have duly honoured them, and return you their Thanks for your great Zeal in so very important a Service as the Silk Culture; But Care will be taken to send Sola Bills for the future in due time, as the Trustees shall be enabled to do.

By this Conveyance you will receive 12 of the Copper Basons you desired in your Letter to the Trustees Secretary, of the Dimensions and made in the manner your Instructions prescribed; They are pack’d in three Cases, mark’d G x C No 1 to 3; and consign’d to Mr. [William] Hopton, who is desired to forward them from Charles Town to Mr. [James] Habersham (as he is the Trustees Secretary in Georgia). The Case No. 1 contains two Basons, made quite round, and are 18 Inches deep, and 24 Inches Diameter with an upright Rim 1 1/2 Inch high.

The other 2 Cases contain five Oval Basons in each, made 9 Inches deep, 18 Inches wide, and 27 Inches long, with a flat Rim 1 Inch broad, and an upright Rim 1 1/2 Inch high.

Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, Jan. 23, 1752,⁴⁹ London, C.O. 5/669, pp. 107-109, concerning arrival of German protestants in Ga., Ga. to remain a separate colony but the Trustees to give up their authority, Parliament voted funds for Ga., filature at Ebenezer, lands for Chretien Von Munch, and supplement for Bolzius and Herman H. Lembke. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

The Trustees have just heard with the greatest Pleasure that the German Protestants, who went in the Antelope Captain Mac Clellan, are safe arrived in Georgia; And They hope, in pursuance of their Orders sent to the Magistrates by the same Ship, that They were set down upon Lands to theirs, and your Satisfaction.

I must take this (the first) Opportunity to relieve you, and the Saltzburghers under your Care, from any Fears or Apprehensions you may have had, that the Colony of Georgia might be put under the Government of South Carolina, upon the Expiration of the Trustees Term of Government; For the Trustees, knowing that many Arts have been used to procure this, and being ever mindfull of the Rights, and the Welfare of the Inhabitants, have been extreamly vigilant & active to preserve the Independency of the Province of Georgia, and thereby to confirm all the People in their Rights and Possessions. At the same time, They have found it will be greatly for the Advantage of the Colony for them to Surrender their Trust into the hands of his Majesty, that a new Administration of Government may be soon Established, which can and will more powerfully protect and support the Province, than the Trustees have lately been Enabled to do. This indeed has likewise been required of them, and in such a manner, that They found, if They should refuse, They could not expect a Prolongation of their Term of Government, nor Supplies of Money to carry it on; You must not ascribe it therefore to any Unwillingness in them to Continue the Guardians of the People, but to their Desire of securing for them more able Protectors. A new Administration of Government in the Colony will soon be settled, but ‘till that commences, the Trustees Powers will continue, and all the Magistrates and other Officers will continue also to exercise their several Employments. The assembly of the Province will still remain, notwithstanding the Dissolution of the Trust, and all the Grants and Deeds made in perpetuity under the Trustees Seal will continue so; Do not therefore, worthy Sir, Suffer any of the People under your Care and Influence to be Alarmed, or give way to any Sinister Impressions from ungrounded or 111 intended Advices from Others, Encourage them still to persevere with Alacrity in their Cultivation, and especially in the Culture of Silk, to which, I can assure you from the Progress lately made in it, the Government here are disposed to give a particular Attention; And to Convince you that the Assurances, I have herein given you from the Trustees, are well grounded, a Supply of Money was yesterday Voted in Parliament, to Enable the Trustees to defray all the Expences as usual upon the Estimate till Midsummer next, and to pay the Bounties on Silk and Silk Balls, and the Rewards to those who may acquire the Art of Reeling, which may become due in the Ensuing Season.

I acquainted Mr. [James] Habersham in my Letter dated August the 28th. that the Trustees had resolved to be at the Expence of erecting a Filature at Ebenezer, and I have informed the President and Assistants, in my Letter sent, by this Conveyance, that They must Supply your Filature with the proper Number of Basons for it.

I received a Letter about a Month ago from Monsr. [Chretien] Von Munch, with his Thanks to the Trustees for their Grants of Land to him and his Sons, and Assurances that he should send over People from time to time to Cultivate the same. I wrote to him by the last Post to Acquaint him with the Trustees Surrender, and to assure him at the same time, that this need not alarm him or prevent him in his Design of going on with the Cultivation of the Lots, or sending over more German Protestants to Georgia, as the Colony will certainly be powerfully supported, & protected.

The Trustees had resolved to make good, (as long as the Parliament should enable them) the Deficiency of 1/2 p Cent (amounting to £12:10:- p Annun) upon the Allowance to you and Mr. [Herman H.] Lempke from the Society for promoting Christian Knowledge, which Deficiency arose from the reducing of Interest in England, and was to Commence at Christmas 1750; You are Sensible Sir, the Trustees can no longer make this good; But to shew their Regard for you to the last, They have Resolved to remit to the Saltzburghers the Money due from them to the Trust for the Cattle purchased by them from the Cowpen, on Consideration of their making good the aforesaid Deficiency. I have acquainted the President and Assistants with this Resolution of the Trustees.

Benjamin Martyn to Pickering Robinson, Jan. 23, 1752, London, C.O. 5/669, pp. 109-111, concerning silk encouragement, land for Robinson, estimate of silk production and cost for the coming season. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

I received two days ago by the Charming Nancy Capt. White, the Copy of a Letter from you and Mr. [James] Habersham dated the 19th. of August last the Original of which came with the Silk by the Charming Martha Capt. Lesslie.

The two Points proposed by you. vizt. That Encouragements should be given to the planting of Mulberry Trees, and for a sufficient Number of People to learn the Art of Reeling; And also for the Public to become the immediate Purchasers of the Cocoons, at 3s. p lb., 2s/3, ls/6, and Is. p lb. for 12 or 14 Years certain, cannot come with in the Consideration of the Trustees; For if They could have obtained a Renewal of their Term of Government, the Supplies granted to them by Parliament must have been put upon a greater Certainty than they have been for some time past; But now They are about to Surrender their Trust into the hands of his Majesty, which you will see more fully Set forth, and the Reasons of it explained, in my Letter to the President and Assistants; However, their Surrender need not alarm you, nor discourage you in your laudable Endeavours to serve the Colony, and your Country in general promoting to the utmost the Culture of Silk; On the Contrary, I hope it will animate you to pursue it with greater Alacrity; as the Government of the Colony will be lodged in Hands more able to Support it than the Trustees have been, and Who with more Ease can procure the Bounties & Encouragements proposed by you and Mr. [James] Habersham I can with Truth assure you, that, from the Progress lately made in the Culture of Silk, there is a thorough Disposition in those, who will probably have the Colony under their Care, to give a particular Attention to it. They are Acquainted with the great Use of the Filature last Season, and that two more are to be erected before the next; And if their Expectations from these are but answer’d in the Manner I hope they will, there can be no doubt of their Obtaining the most Satisfactory Bounties and Encouragements for the People to persevere in the Culture. In the mean time, the Trustees will recommend to them the proper Method of giving these, and in the manner you propose, rather than by a Bounty of 20 p Cent on the Silk advalorem; And that you may Continue still to Act with your usual Zeal, and with a proper Authority, the Trustees will recommend you as well as the other Assistants, to the particular Favour of the Government here. At the same time, to give you all the Marks of their Regard in their Power, they have granted you 500 Acres of Land, and that you may be situated as near to Savanah as possible, in Order to Inspect the Works at the Filature there with the greatest Conveniency, They have resolved (as I have acquainted the President and Assistants) to give you the Preference on the reserved Indian Lands near Savanah, as soon as these shall be given up by the Lower Creeks, as they have been by the Upper; And this will probably happen soon, if not already accomplished, for his Majesty’s Presents to the Indians will speedily be sent over, and there is the greatest Reason to believe that a Moiety of them will be given for the Indians in Georgia. If you do not Chuse to Stay till the Cession of the Lands is actually made by the Indians, or if there is any other Tract of Land (not already granted) that you make Choice of, the President and Assistants have Directions to Order it to be set out for you, and the Trustees have granted two Lots of 500 Acres each to your Father and Uncle Mr. Thomas and Mr. William Robinson, and 500 Acres to Mr. Samuel Barker. All to be laid out as near as conveniently can be to your own; You’ll please therefore to Send as soon as possible a Description of the said Lots, as to the Situation, and Boundaries of them.

I believe it would prove of great Consequence if you could send me early some Computation, founded on Reasons (which you may gather from the Number of your Reelers, the Quantity of your Silk Worms, and of the food for them) of the Increase in the Silk which may be raised this Year, and of what Money may be necessary for the several Payments on this Account; Not that Supplies for the Same will be deferred till I can receive this Computation; for as the Parliament have voted already a Sum of Money for the Trustees, a Sum will soon be sent over sufficient to make good all the Bounties and Rewards promised for the ensuing Season.

I shall at all times be extreamly glad to hear from you, for any Services, which may possibly be in my Power to do, you may always freely command.

Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. Bartholomew Zouberbuhler, Jan. 23, 1752, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 111-112, concerning Joseph Ottolenghe and Trustee surrender of their control of Ga. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

Your Letter to the Revd. Mr. [Samuel] Smith about Mr. [Joseph] Ottolenghi has been communicated to the Trustees, who have directed me to tell you, that you was under a great Mistake, in supposing that any Notice was to be given you from them in relation to him, for the Associates of Dr. Bray were the Society, who sent Ottolenghi for the good Work of converting the Negroes; You had the proper Notice from Dr. [Thomas] Broughton, who was appointed by the Society for propagating the Gospel and the Associates, to give it you.

The Trustees are about to Surrender their Trust into the hands of his Majesty, and therefore you must not expect any further Allowance of the £ 50 a year given you by them than till Midsummer next; But They will recommend you and your Congregation to the favour and Protection of the Government, as They shall all the Other Members of the Colony.

Benjamin Martyn to Joseph Ottolenghi, Jan. 23, 1752, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 112, concerning his work among Negroes. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

Mr. [James] Vernon and Mr. [Samuel] Smith have received your Letters dated in July last, and have laid them before the Trustees, who are very sorry to find, that you have taken up other Thoughts, and enter’d into other Views, than what you set out with from England. It will not be in the Trustees Power to put you into any other Employment, than what you have undertaken, nor will it be to Enable you to keep any Servants for the Cultivation of Lands for you, They having Surrender’d their Trust into the hands of his Majesty; But They will recommend you to the Associates of the late Dr. Bray, who are intrusted with the good Work of instructing the Negroes; and sent you for that purpose to Georgia. This requiring a perpetual travelling from Plantation to Plantation, where the Negroes reside, is utterly inconsistent with your Scheme of Sitting down at Savanah in a good Employment, or with an Estate; And the Trustees doubt not but the Associates of Dr. Bray will do Every thing in their Power to Encourage you to persevere in the good Work you have undertaken, in which I wish you all imaginable Success.

Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., Jan. 23, 1752, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 113-119, concerning Ga. to remain a separate colony, Trustees surrender of their charter, Trustee government to continue until new one created, Parliamentary grant, building of filatures, funds due by Salzburgers forgiven, surveyors appointed, new land grants, vacant lands, purchase of Creek lands by Patrick Graham, lands granted to Pickering Robinson and Philip Delegal and others, sola bills to be paid, Trustees continuing interest in Ga., and Ga. government to be under the Board of Trade. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie; by the Industry, Capt. Pearson.

Sir and Gentlemen

I acquainted you in my Letter dated the 10th. of July last, that the Trustees Petition for a Supply having miscarried them in the House of Commons, They immediately presented a Memorial to his Majesty, Setting forth the State of the Colony, and the great Importance of it, not only on Account of it’s Situation and Ports, but it’s Produces, and especially of the Silk; And therefore They pray’d for his Majesty’s Protection and Support of the Province. And I informed you at the same time, that this Memorial was referr’d to the Lords Commissioners of his Majesty’s Treasury, and likewise to the Lords of Trade, by his Majesty’s Council. In my Letters of August 26th. and October 3d. I acquainted you, that the Lords of the Treasury, and the Lords of Trade, had made their Reports on the Memorial, and that the last was very full and favourable on behalf of the Province. On the 19th. of last Month, the Memorial and the Reports were taken into Consideration, in the fullest Council that has been known for many Years; But, previous to this, the Trustees, ever mindfull of the Rights and the Welfare of the People, and knowing that many Arts have long been used to get the Province annexed to South Carolina, and thereby to make room for other People’s Claims under Obsolete Grants, were extreamly vigilant and active to Support the first, and disappoint the last. When the Council met, there was a Committee of the Trustees attended, and by Representations in Writing, as well as by Word of Mouth, They, in the most Strenuous Manner, set forth the Justice and Necessity of preserving the Independency of the Province, and confirming all the Inhabitants in their Rights and Possessions; And They desired at the same time that the Arrears of Quit Rents might be remitted, and that for the future these should be reduced from 4s to 2s for each 100 Acres. I can now with pleasure venture to Assure you, that the Trustees have the greatest Reason to believe that They shall Succeed in all these Points. I must likewise acquaint you that by the express Resolution of the Council, it appeared to be in vain for the Trustees to expect any Grant of Money from Parliament for the Support of the Colony, without an Absolute Surrender of their Trust; And They found, that if They should refuse to Comply therewith, they could not obtain a Prolongation of their Term of Government, nor Supplies of Money to carry it on. They therefore desiring to procure the People a Protection, which They could not give them, and finding that the best Service They could do the Colony, was to Surrender their Trust into the hands of his Majesty, out of a Regard to the People, and not from an Unwillingness to Continue their Friends and Protectors, They assented to the Surrender, and the means of Effecting the same, and Constituting a new Government, are now under Consideration. In doing this, you may depend on the strictest Regard being had to the preserving of the Rights and Priviledges, and Possessions of the Inhabitants. The Trustees Powers will Continue till the new Government commences, but all the Grants and Deeds made in perpetuity under the Trustees Seal, and the Constitution of the Assembly which by the last Appointment was made perpetual, will remain in full force, notwithstanding the Dissolution of the Trust, they having been Executed by the Legal Authority then Subsisting. I thought it proper to State this whole Affair fully to you, in Order to prevent any Sinister Impressions from Ungrounded or 111 intended Advice from Others. I am directed further to Acquaint you, that ‘till a new Government is formed, and you have the proper Notice thereof, you are your Selves, and all the several Officers are (which you must immediately Signify to them) to Continue in the Exercise of your respective Employments, to which you were appointed by the Trustees, who are Satisfied with your Care and Diligence, that They will in the strongest Manner recommend you to his Majesty, to be Continued in the same, under such Administration of Government as shall be Established, and will give you the Characters, which They think you deserve, and which They doubt not but you will support; In the mean time, Nothing can more effectually tend to Establish you in the Opinion of the Government here, than your using your utmost Prudence and Diligence, at this Juncture to prevent any Apprehensions or Uneasiness arising in the Minds of the Inhabitants, and to Encourage them to persevere with Alacrity in their Cultivation, and especially in the Culture of Silk, to which, I can assure you from the Progress lately made in it, the Government here are disposed to give a particular Attention, and to Convince you, that the Assurances I have herein given you from the Trustees are well founded, a Supply of Money was yesterday Voted in Parliament, sufficient to defray all the Expences as usual upon the Estimate, and the Provisions for the Troops, ‘till Midsummer next, and to pay the Bounties on Silk and Silk Balls, and the Rewards to those who acquire the Art of Reeling, which will be necessary to be paid the Ensuing Season.

I shall be able to acquaint you very soon of the particular Sums to be sent over to you, and in what manner They will be sent.

I acquainted Mr. [James] Habersham in my Letter November 8th. by the Live Oak Capt. Rogers, that 12 Copper Basons were then sent, of the Dimensions recommended by Mr. [Pickering] Robinson and himself; 12 more of the same Dimensions are sent by this Ship, and as the Trustees sent their Orders August 28th. for Erecting two more Filatures, One at Savanah, and the Other at Ebenezer, They hope that these are by this time, or will be Erected before the Season for Reeling begins; They recommend to you in the strongest manner to make these as convenient and usefull as possible, and commodious for the People employed therein, that they may be perfectly defended from any Inclemency of the Weather, if the Estimate for these is something exceeding it will be made good, as the Trustees look on the raising these Filatures, and thereby promoting the Culture of Silk in the most vigorous manner, to be of the highest Importance to the Colony. Mr. [Noble] Jones Estimated the two Filatures, of 60 feet long and 24 feet broad, and two Stories high, for Storing, Sorting &c of the Cocoons with a Room therein for Silk after it is Reeled, the Whole to be fitted up with necessary and convenient Shelves, Presses &c., also a large Oven, and Shed over it, a Well with Windlass &c. and a Shed for Storing Fire Wood for each of the Filatures, and the fencing for Each, at £350 Sterl., but some Allowance will be made for exceeding this Estimate, in the Supplies to be sent over; As the having constant Supplies of fresh Water for the Filature during the time of Reeling is absolutely necessary, if the proper Wells are not Compleated soon enough, some Persons must be employed and hired for that purpose, to Carry daily sufficient Quantities to be kept in large Tubs or other Conveniencies at the Filature; In many Places of Italy they have no other Method, and in some Places two or three Water Carts are Employed all day long for the Filature; I must again repeat to you, that you cannot for your own Interest and the Honour and Welfare of the Colony, be too Active in promoting and Extending the Culture of Silk; and the Progress you shall make in it this Season will be the strongest Argument with the Government to Grant further Bounties in the next, and to Continue them some time longer.

The Trustees had resolved to make good (as long as the Parliament should Enable them) the Deficiency (amounting to £12:10:- p Annum) upon the Allowance to Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius and Mr. [Herman] Lempke from the Society for promoting Christian Knowledge; Which Deficiency arose from the reducing of Interest here, and was to Commence at Christmas 1750; As the Trustees can no longer make this good, They have resolved to remit to the Saltzburghers the Money due from them to the Trust, for the Cattle purchased from the Cowpen, on Consideration of their making good the aforesaid Deficiency.

The Trustees have appointed Mr. Henry Yonge and Mr. Thos. Ellis Joint Surveyors of the Province.

The Trustees cannot help thinking that the People have been very negligent of their own Interest, in not Complying with the Directions sent in July 1750, and July last, for their sending over, as soon as possible, the Description of their Lands, as to the Situation and Boundaries, that full and sufficient Grants might have been made from the Trustees of the same; They hope They shall yet receive these Descriptions, and soon; But however, if They do not before their Act of Surrender, They will take all the proper Means in their Power to secure the People’s Possessions.

In your’s of January 2d. 1750/1 you say you are at a Loss to Determine what Lands the Trustees deem vacant, as their late Release had taken off all former Restrictions, except for want of Heirs, which you could not come to any Certainty about, not knowing what Relations the Original Grantees might have. And in the next Paragraph you Complain of the Grievance that so much of your most convenient and best Lands are granted to People, who have left the Colony, or have never been in it, and consequently lye unoccupied. This the Trustees think sufficiently explains what they meant by Vacant Lots, for the Release from the Conditions in the Grants, could only be intended for the Quiet and Satisfaction, of the People, who were in Possession of their Lots, but could, by no Construction whatsoever, extend to those who had abandoned their Lots, and left them unoccupied; And still less to those who had never been on them, for this must have tended to Subvert the good Intentions of the Trustees to promote a general Cultivation of the Lots; But you will receive further Directions for your Conduct herein.

I have laid Mr. [Patrick] Graham’s Journal and Letter to me of the 21st. of August before the Trustees, Who are very well pleased to find he has so far Succeeded, as to have brought the Upper Creeks into a Cession of the Reserved Indian Lands near Savanah, and the three Islands of St. Catherine, Ossebaw, and Sappelo; And the Lower Creeks have absolutely disavowed any Treaty with the Bosomworths for the said Lands, to the Trustees for a Year or two, the next Step will probably be an Absolute Cession of them, and this may be procured when the next Presents are given them, which I hope will be soon, for I know some are designed to be sent over speedily, and the Trustees by their Representations have prevailed, I believe, to get a Moiety of them for the future appropriated for the Indians in Georgia; A proper Appointment and Authority for you Sir, and the Assistants, to treat with the Indians, for the purchase of the said Lands, and Instructions for your Conduct therein were Sealed by the Common Council in last May,⁵⁰ but the sending them over was postponed till the Trustees could hear of Mr. Graham’s Return from the Upper Creek Nation, and till They could hear of the Effect of his Journey; The Appointment is now sent for your Authority in making the Treaty, and so are the Instructions, but the greatest Part of these are now become useless, as the Upper Creeks have already made an Absolute Cession, and the purchasing of Presents with the Trust Money is likewise unnecessary, as you will soon receive his Majestys, to Enable you to perfect the Treaty with the Lower Creeks. The Expences, which Mr. Graham was at in his Journey, the Trustees direct you to Defray, as you proposed by the Sale of the Frederica Stores, and if these should not be sufficient the remainder must be paid to him out of the next Presents; The Trustees intend to send him besides, as soon as They receive the Supply Voted them, a Present for his Trouble and Services, and I hope I shall soon acquaint him with it.

The Trustees have resolved to Grant to Mr. Pickering Robinson 500 Acres of Land, and as his Inspection of the Work in the Filatures will make it necessary for him to Reside as near to Savanah as possible, They have Resolved to give him the Preference on the Reserved Lands near Savanah, and he must be put in Possession of the same as soon as They are given up by the Indians, Or if he Chuses his Land in any other Place, not already granted, his Lot must be set out for him accordingly. The Trustees have likewise granted 500 Acres to Mr. Thos. Robinson, and 500 Acres to Mr. Wm. Robinson, and 500 Acres to Mr. Saml. Barker, all to be laid out as near as conveniently may be to Mr. Pickering Robinson’s; They have also granted 500 Acres of Land to Mr. Wm. Backshell of South Carolina, and 500 Acres to Capt. [Philip] Delegal [Sr.] as near to his Sons, on the South of Ogeeche,as can be, without Incroaching on, or incommoding any other adjacent Settlement.

The Trustees think it absolutely necessary that you should give immediate Publick Notice in Georgia, and publish the same in the Carolina Gazettes, that Whoever is possess’d of any of their Sola Bills should forthwith produce them in England in Order to be paid.

All I have further in Charge to Say at present is, that as the Government here has not thought it Expedient to Continue the Authority of the Trustees, it is a Matter of great Satisfaction to them, that after having Applied themselves for several Years, with the most Affectionate and Unwearied Care to raise the Colony of Georgia, and promote its Happiness, They are to deliver it over to such hands, as leave them no Room to doubt but that, by the Blessing of God on the Honest Industry, and good Disposition of the Inhabitants, They shall have the Pleasure to see the Province thrive apace, and become Considerable enough in a few Years to Convince the most Prejudiced against it, that the Trustees have always judged right in representing Georgia, as a very Valuable Part of his Majesty’s Dominions.

The Trustees are Determined to persevere in the utmost Endeavours for it’s Welfare, during the short Continuance of their Authority as Such, when that shall cease, They will never Cease in their private Capacities to improve every Opportunity of doing the best Offices in their Power to the Colony.

For my own Part, I have always been most sincerely Attached to the Interest of the Colony, and the Prosperity of all the Inhabitants, and I have the most gratefull Sense of the Marks you have given me of your Approbation and Esteem, which I shall endeavour to Cultivate, if a future Opportunity should be given me of Convincing you how much.

P.S. January the 25th.

I can now with Pleasure acquaint you, that the Administration of the Government will be appointed by, and the Care of the Colony afterwards will be lodged, in the Lords Commrs. for Trade and Plantations, at which Board the Earl of Halifax presides, Who, as well as the other Lords, has a just Sense of the Importance of the Colony, which is evident from their Report, which as I acquainted you before, was very full and favourable on its Behalf.

Benjamin Martyn to James Habersham, Jan. 24, 1752, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 120-122, concerning opening of filatures, comparison of Ga. with Italy and France for silk culture, Trustees have secured all Georgians wanted and independence for Ga., and encouragement of silk culture. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

I have not had an Opportunity of writing to you since the 8th. of November last, by the Live Oak Capt. Rogers, tho’ I have received since then, the Box by the Charming Martha Capt. Lesslie, with the several Letters and the Proceedings of the President and Assistants &c and your Journal, which I immediately laid before the Trustees. The Success which attended the opening of the Filature and carrying on the Reeling Work therein, which made it Obvious to every Spectator with how much facility this Valuable Culture of Silk may be extended, to such an Advantage, that it may soon set the Colony of Georgia on a foot with any of the Provinces, gave the highest Pleasure to the Trustees, and has given them an Opportunity of making many Converts among the People of Consequence, who were incredulous on this Point before; And surely the least Reflection on the vast Benefits which must arise from this to the Planters, will make these Exert themselves with the utmost Alacrity; By your Accounts the Advantages on the Side of Georgia are vastly Superior to what they have in Italy, and the Southern Parts of France; In the first One Ounce of Eggs produces an hundred; In Italy and France, not above thirty Ounces. In Georgia 11 lbs. of Cocoons produce from 22 1/2 to 24 1/2 Ounces of Silk, in Italy between 16 & 18 Ounces. Both these Instances, plainly shew, how much stronger the Worms are, and so perhaps do’s the earlier hatching of them, at least it proves as they are hatched in Georgia in the Month of April, and in Italy not till the middle of June, the Georgia Silk may be brought earlier to Market than even the Italian. In the coldest Parts of Italy they usually continue reeling from 50 to 70 days, and in the warmer part from 70 to 90 days; Georgia is still much warmer than the warmest Parts of Italy, but however, supposing they only continue 50 days, and a Woman reels off 22 1/2 Ounces each day, the produce from her Labour will be 70 lbs.: 5 oz of Silk, by which £56:5:- will be gained at only a Shilling an Ounce for the Silk, and in this I confine my Self to the lowest Price, as I have to the lowest Calculations; These great Advantages cannot be too frequently recommended to the People, nor can their sending their Daughters, and even their young Female Negroes to the Filatures to learn the Art of reeling, for in this Respect the Planters are on a better foot than Men are in most other Countries, for the more Daughters and other Females a Planter has in his Family, the richer he will be. There are now about 1900 White People in the Province, and if 500 only of these can acquire the Art of reeling (and it is now found to be no difficult Task) there will be 35,156 lbs. 4 Ounces of Silk raised in a year, which at 16s only a pound Averdupois, will be worth £28,125- Sterling. How profitable a Staple may this soon be brought to be, and with little Trouble, by People who are perhaps of least Use in other Produces, and with no Drawbacks from the Planter’s Profit, like what there are in Italy, for the Eggs are his own, so are the Mulberry Trees (and these it is evident can be raised in vast Abundance, and speedily) and the Wood necessary to be burnt under the Copper Basons is likewise his own; and this article alone in Italy is generally Calculated to Cost as much as the Labour Each day of reeling the Silk, which is 18d. a good Reeler, and 9d. for a Boy or Girl to turn the Wheel.

I now must Acquaint you, that tho’ the Trustees are about to Surrender their Trust into the hands of his Majesty (an Account of which you will see fully Set forth and explain’d in my Letter to the President and Assistants). They have fully Secured, I may Venture to Assure you, all the Principal Points the Inhabitants of the Colony would wish for, and in particular the Independency of the Colony, the Setting aside of the Old Claims of People in South Carolina under Obsolete Grants, and a Reduction of the Quit Rents, and I doubt not a Remission of Arrears of them, which may be due at this time; An Administration of Government will soon be Settled, and I am persuaded to the Satisfaction of the Inhabitants, and Those who will most probably have in England the appointing and directing afterwards the Administration of Government in Georgia, are extreamly well disposed to Encourage and promote the Culture of Silk; And They will have a much greater Power of Effecting this, than the Trustees could ever procure; I have desired Mr. [Pickering] Robinson to send me, as soon as possible, some Computation of what he can judge, with his Reasons for it, will be the Increase of Silk this Season. I forgot to add, and of the following Year, which I must desire you to Supply, and to Send me, as it may prove of great Consequence. I look on my Letters to Mr. Robinson, and you, on this head, tho’ separate Ones, to be written as to both, as I do not doubt but you will Communicate them and as I am persuaded you act with the greatest Harmony, Both being in pursuit of the same Object, the Service of the Colony, and the Good of the Publick.

Harman Verelst to James Habersham, Jan. 27, 1752, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 122, telling of shipping copper basins for silk culture. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

By the Charming Martha Capt. Lesslie, under Consignment to Messrs. Smith and Gordon at Port Royal in South Carolina, to be forwarded to you, You will receive three Cases mark’d G x C No. 1 to 3, containing 12 more Copper Basons of the same Sorts & Dimensions as the 12 which were sent by the Live Oak Capt. Rodger in November last for Use in the Silk Culture. Of which you will please to Acquaint Mr. [Pickering] Robinson.

Benjamin Martyn to Secretary at War Henry Fox, March 4, 1752, no place of writing given, C.O. 5/669, p. 123, informing him of the surrender of Ga. by the Trustees and ending of Trust aid to soldiers in Ga.

Sir

The Georgia Trustees being soon to Surrender their Trust into the hands of His Majesty, They think it incumbent on them, to Acquaint you therewith, as They shall not be able to furnish the Detachments of Troops stationed in Georgia, with Provisions beyond Midsummer next; And as by the Dissolution of the Trust, the Certifying the Services of the Scout Boat, and the Payments for the same, cannot go any longer thro’ their Channel.

Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, March 4 & 16, 1752, London, C.O. 5/669, pp. 123-125, concerning arrival of Germans in Ga., poor people in Carolina, escaped Ga. servants in Carolina, encouragement of silk culture, and sale of Ga. silk at high prices. By the Fortrose, Capt. Mackenzie.

Sir

I have rec’d the Favour of your’s dated November the 27th. last, by the Antelope Capt. Mac Clellan, who has given the Trustees great Satisfaction by his Care of the Germans whom he carried over, which indeed the Trustees have always recommended in the strongest manner to the several Captains, who have been concerned in any Embarkations for Georgia. The Trustees read with great Concern the Paragraph in your Letter relating to the poor People, who were sent to Carolina by the Merchants Messrs. Hope of Rotterdam, who had evidently no View to the Welfare of those Unfortunate Emigrants, but Solely to their own Interest. The Trustees have shewn your Letter to a great Man, who will have the Power perhaps to prevent in a great Measure such Misconduct for the future, and has a Disposition to do it; I mean the Earl of Halifax, who presides at the Board of Trade and Plantations; He will likewise be able to check the Governor of South Carolina, from inviting, or at least receiving into, and harbouring in that Province, the runaway Servants from your Settlements, and will have more Power to procure them to be restored, than the Trustees could have.

The Trustees hope that the Filature is Erected by this time at Ebenezer, as They sent Directions for it in last August. The Sight of so many People at Work in Reeling, in a commodious Place, will, it is to be hoped, animate all the Inhabitants of your Settlement, to pursue with Zeal their own Interest in this Culture; And give me leave to Say, the greater Progress They make in it, the more sensible They will be every Year of the Advantages. It is very plain, that the Climate of Georgia is fitter for this produce, than even any part of Italy, for, by Mr. [James] Habersham’s Account of the Reeling in the Filature at Savanah last Season, it appears that the Cocoons yield almost a third more Silk, than they do in Italy, and that the produce of Eggs is double the Quantity of what is produced from the same Number in Italy, which are the greatest Proofs that can be given of the Superior Strength of the Worms; I must therefore again desire you Sir to Exhort all the People under your Influence, as well as new Comers, as the Old Inhabitants, to lose no time in raising all the Mulberry Trees They possibly can. Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd says that in Italy, even in the coldest Parts of it, They are employed in Reeling from 50 to 70 days, and in the warmer Parts from 70 to 90 days, and even longer. Georgia is warmer than any Part of Italy, (to which undoubtedly is owing the greater Strength of the Worms) as therefore the Food for the Worms increases, the Quantity of Cocoons will increase likewise, and the Employment in Reeling will soon come to Continue as long in Georgia every Season, as in the warmest Parts of Italy. If then a Woman can reel off in one day 20 Ounces of Silk (and five of the Women in the Filature reeled off even the first day last Year from 22 1/2 to 24 1/2 Ounces). And if this Silk will produce at least Is. an Ounce, She will earn from 50 £ to 80£ or 90£ in a Season; Surely this must be a great Encouragement for all the People to Apply themselves to this Culture with the utmost Industry, as the most profitable, and the soonest capable of being so of any Produce whatsoever; I don’t say this from any Doubts I have of your receiving under the Lords for Trade and Plantations, who will have the future Care of the Colony, the same Encouragements for some time, as have been given by the Trustees, for I am persuaded you will have them, if there appears by the Progress made in the Culture of Silk, any Reason for inducing the Government here, to believe it will become a considerable Staple.

March 16th, 1752

Since I wrote the above, there has been a publick Auction of the Silk which was raised last Year in Georgia, and brought home by the Charming Martha Capt. Lesslie. There was a great Number of Merchants, Weavers, and other Persons vers’d in the Silk Business at the Sale. It met with a general Approbation, and sold at so high a Price as 20s. and 20s. and 4d. a pound of 16 Ounces, which is at last is. & 3d. an Ounce; Whereas in the foregoing Paragraph I supposed the Value to be but Is. an Ounce. I am persuaded I need not Add any Thing to this Relation of the Sale, to Animate you, and by your Means the Inhabitants of Ebenezer, to Apply themselves with all the Assiduity They can to planting of Mulberry Trees, and learning the Art of reeling. They will soon reap the most fruitfull Harvests, which I hope you will long enjoy the Satisfaction of seeing.

Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., March 8, 1752, New Bond St., London,⁵¹ C.O. 5/669, pp. 125-127, concerning new government for Ga., Trustee transition period, Trustee bills and salaries to be paid, encouragement to silk culture, dismissal of Samuel Marcer as Assistant and Bailiff, Edward Holt, and final Trustee accounts. By the Fortrose, Capt. Mackenzie; by the Industry, Capt. Pearson.

Sir & Gentlemen

Finding that I can write a few Lines by Capt. Mackenzie, who is to fall down the River tomorrow, I cannot neglect the Opportunity of confirming what I wrote to you in the Postcript of my Letter dated January the 21st. vizt. That the Government of the Colony will for the future be under the immediate Care and Inspection of the Lords Commissioners for Trade and Plantations, who will have the Appointment, not only of the several Officers in the Civil Government in Georgia, but the other Provinces also in America; You may therefore, and so may all the Inhabitants, depend on all your Rights and Interest being fully secured and protected, and that the Prosperity of the Province will be duly Attended to, and promoted with greater Vigour than the Trustees have been Enabled to do, with regard both to the Improvement of the several Produces, Especially the Silk, and the Increase of the Colony, by large Embarkations from time to time. I told you in that Letter of January 21st. that the Trustees would recommend you all in your respective Stations to the Lords of Trade, this They have done, and have no Doubts but you will find the good Effects of their Recommendation. I must again Acquaint you, that the Trustees will certainly provide for all the Expences order’d by them on the Silk, or on other Accounts for this Year, and likewise for all the Expences in the Estimate up to Midsummer next, not by Sola Bills which it would be improper to send, as the Trustees Term of Government is so near expiring, but by Bills drawn on me, and the Letters of Advice specifying them to be drawn for the Services of the Trust, and for what Services, and these to be Certified by you Sir, as President, and Mr. [James] Habersham as Secretary; Tho’ I say, the Expences will be defray’d up to Midsummer by the Trustees, They may be possibly carried on by them beyond that time, if the new Form of Government is not Established before the King goes to Hanover, which will be in about a Month; However, at all Events You, and the other Officers in the Province are to continue to Act in your respective Stations till the new Form of Government and the Powers thereof arrive, and You may depend on the several Salaries being paid till then.

The Trustees are sorry to find the Inhabitants have not put that Confidence in them, which They might safely have done, in regard to the Silk, and have so far given Way to their own fears, and the idle Reports from the Neighbouring Province; That after having discovered so much Zeal, as They did on Seeing the Progress of the Silk Culture in the Filatures last Season, They have since become negligent of planting their Mulberry Trees, as if willing to give up all Thoughts of the Culture; The Trustees therefore hope you will All of you endeavour to revive that Spirit, or raise it where there was none before, for making Mulberry Plantations as general as possible, being assured that the utmost Encouragements will be given, and regularly Supported for a proper time for this Culture, if the Government here can see that Silk is likely to become a considerable Staple; And of this every Person in the Province must be convinced, who will allow himself but an hour to reflect on the quick Growth of the Mulberry Trees in Georgia, the Quantity of Silk reel’d from the Cocoons, one third more than in Italy from the same Quantity of Cocoons, the large Increase from the Silkworms Eggs, double what it is in Italy, and the constant Demand for the Silk in England, and the great Value for it. That the Trustees may do all in their Power to promote it, and to Encourage the People to persevere they now repeat their Orders, which They sent in August last, for the Additional Filature to be erected at Savanah, of the Dimensions proposed by Mr. [Pickering] Robinson, and the Other at Ebenezer, if not already built; The Bills for Payments for these must be drawn on me at Samuel Lloyd’s Esqr., and your’s Sir and Mr. [James] Habersham’s Certificates of the same, or Letters of Advice to me of them, must be sent thither likewise.

The Trustees have ordered me to Acquaint you that, as Mr. Saml. Marcer has not given in a regular way any Answer to your Charge against him, and your Reasons for suspending him, nor exculpated himself, They do not allow of the Payment of his Salary as Assistant from the 21st. of April 1750, the time of his Suspension. And They have, and do hereby dismiss him from the said Office, as likewise from the Office of Bailiff of the Town Court; And They have resolved to make Mr. Wm. Russel Bailiff in his Room.

The Trustees observe, that in a Letter of your’s to the Accotant, dated in August last, You say, it is probable You shall be obliged to Send Mr. [Edward] Holt to England. They are sorry he has so misbehav’d himself as You represent; but however, if he chuses to return with his Wife to England, rather than continue in Georgia, and be a Planter, They will be at the Expence of his freight to England, out of Compassion to him.

The Accounts of the Disbursements, for every Service for the Trust, up to Midsummer next, must be made out as soon as possible after, and sent me, directed to Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd’s.

Benjamin Martyn to Pickering Robinson, March 8, 1752, New Bond St., London, C.O. 5/669, pp. 128-129, concerning fear of Robinson’s leaving Ga., Trustee recommendation of Robinson to the Board of Trade. By the Fortrose, Capt. Mackenzie.

Sir

Your Letter to me dated December 19th. from Savanah has given the Trustees an inexpressible Uneasiness, from an Apprehension that You might quit the Colony, before the Ensuing Season for the Silk begins, and before their Letters might arrive, written in January last, to Assure the Preisent and Assistants, that the Parliament had Voted a Sum to Enable them to Defray all the Expences of the raising the Silk this year. The Trustees were the more uneasy, because They knew your Knowledge, your Zeal, and your Example had tended very much to raise a Spirit in the People for promoting this Culture, and They foresaw that by this Spirit, a great Increase might be Expected, especially if the two new Filatures were erected, and by such an Increase, They were well assured the Government here would readily enter into vigorous Measures to Encourage the People by proper Bounties and Rewards, to make Silk a considerable Staple.

The Lords Commissioners for Trade and Plantations have now the Power of nominating all the Civil Officers in the other Provinces of America, and will have the same in Georgia, on the Trustees Surrender. Before the Arrival of your Letter, the Trustees had recommended you in the warmest manner to the Earl of Halifax, who presides at the Board of Trade, and have done the same since the Receipt of your Letter, in hopes that you have not left the Province; and have acquainted his Lordship, that from the Knowledge of the Silk Business, which you acquired in France, the proofs you gave of this in the Works at the Filature last Season, your Zeal, and Activity, You was extreamly proper to have the Inspection and Conduct of the Culture of Silk in general in Georgia, and to be employed by the Government for this purpose; And the Trustees have no Doubts of the good Effects of this Recommendation. And I can with Truth assure you, that Lord Halifax and the other Lords of Trade are disposed to promote the Produce of Silk with all the Vigour imaginable, and there can be no Doubt but the Encouragements for carrying on this usefull Work, will be equal to the Occasion, to their Interest for procuring such Encouragements.

Give me Leave to Say, that when the Trustees named you an Assistant, it was not from a Supposition that the small Salary annexed to that Office could be any Inducement to you to Accept of it; But as, They foreknew the Change of Government, and their own Surrender, They out of regard to you, made this Appointment, judging it most probably that the Assistants might stand as Members of the Council under a new Government. Your worthy true Friend Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd will write more fully and Satisfactorily to you on these Points than I can; But I will not Conclude, without Acquainting you with my Hopes, that I shall hear of your Continuance in Georgia, and then I am persuaded I shall hear of the Success of the Silk.

Benjamin Martyn to Samuel Marcer, March 9, 1752, London, C.O. 5/669, p. 129, dismissing him as Assistant and Bailiff. By the Fortrose, Capt. Mackenzie.

Sir

I am ordered by the Trustees for Establishing the Colony of Georgia to Acquaint you, that as you have not given any Answer to the President and Assistants, to their Charge against you, especially as their Reasons for suspending you carried in them very great Weight, They have dismissed you from the Offices of Assistant, and of third Bailiff of the Town Court at Savanah.

Benjamin Martyn to James Habersham, March 9, 1752, no place of writing given, C.O. 5/669, pp. 130-132, concerning mail received, new grants to land, encouragement to silk culture, method of Trustee payments in Ga., and Trustee officers to act until replaced. By the Fortrose, Capt. Mackenzie.

Sir

I have rec’d by the Antelope Capt. Mac Clellan, your Letters of the 18th. and 19th. of December last, and the Duplicates of your Letters of the 19th. and 20th. of August, and of your Journal from the 5th. of March to the 31st. of July. I have rec’d likewise Messrs. [Pickering] Robinson’s and [Noble] Jones’s Account of the State of Savanah, and wish it had extended to the Settlements in the other Parts of the Province, that the Trustees might have been able (as They have desired) to deliver a clear, an exact and full Account of the whole Province, to the Lords Commissioners for Trade and Plantations, who will have the Government and Protection of it under their Care for the future; As the Trustees are disappointed in not receiving an Account of the Numbers of the present Inhabitants, They are likewise extreamly so, at not having the Descriptions of the several Lots the People are in Possession of, for which I have so often sent their Directions. The People are uneasy (Mr. Robinson acquaints Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd) at not having proper Grants to shew their Property, and yet They have neglected the doing what was requisite to enable the Trustees to make and send them such Grants; But, as you say, in your Letter of December 18th. that the President and Assistants had order’d all Persons to bring in their Claims of Land the 7th. of January last, the Trustees still hope They shall receive them before the Surrender of their Trust, that They may leave the People perfectly easy with regard to their Lots. As however, it is now certain, that the Government of the Province will be under the Inspection of the Lords Commissioners for Trade and Plantation, the People may depend on their Interests and Rights being fully secured, and that a thorough Attention will be given to the Welfare and Prosperity of the Province in general. I can venture likewise to Assure you, as you may the Inhabitants in general, that the Lords of Trade are thoroughly disposed to carry on the Culture of Silk with all the Vigour imaginable, and to procure all the necessary Bounties and Encouragements for this purpose; What these will be, you must be sensible it is impossible now to Ascertain, but most probably they will be the same which the Trustees have lately given, at least there can be no doubt but they will be full as great, as their Lordships will certainly be better enabled, and will be more regularly and powerfully supported than the Trustees have been, especially if the Progress made in the Silk next Season should give the Government here any Reason to think it may become a considerable Staple. For this purpose, I must desire you will send me an Account of this Year’s Produce, by the first Opportunity, and likewise some probable Calculation what the Annual Increase may be with proper Encouragements (specifying these) and your Reasons for it, arising from the Increase of the Mulberry Plantations, the Increase of Eggs, and the Number of Reelers.

As the Trustees Government is so near expiring, the sending of Sola Bills for Payments for the Cocoons, and the Silk, and the Encouragements to those who may this Year acquire the Art of Reeling, and for the defraying the Expences in the Estimate, and any Others directed by the Trustees, will not be proper, because the Time would probably be long before such Bills might be returned; And therefore the Trustees think it more adviseable, that you and Mr. [Francis] Harris, or any other Persons should (if you can without any prejudice to Your Selves) advance the Sums requisite for the aforesaid Payments (as perhaps the Persons, to whom they may be due could not Stay for them) and then to draw upon me (which They empower you to do) specifying in the Letters of Advice, that they are for Services of the Trust, and for what Services, and You may depend on the Bills being duly Accepted and paid. And as before your Bills can be rec’d, the Trustees may cease to have an Office in Queen’s Square Westmr., You’ll send the Bills to me, to be left at Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd’s in Devonshire Square, London, and direct your Letters of Advice to me, to be left there likewise, or put them under Cover to him.

The Trustees have recommended the President and Assistants, as well as your Self, to the Lords of Trade in the strongest Manner, and You may depend (I doubt not) on the Efficacy of their Recommendations. As the actual Time for the Trustees Surrender is not yet fixed, and may not possibly take Place till after the King’s Return from Hanover, where his Majesty will be going in about a Month, the President & Assistants, and Your Self as Secretary, and all the respective Officers in the Province, are to continue to Act in your several Employments till there is a new Plan of Government Established; And You may all depend on the usual Salaries being paid, after Midsummer till the new Government takes Place.

That part of your Letter of December 18th. relating to the Silk and the People growing negligent and unconcerned about the Culture of it (being discouraged by Reports from South Carolina), and relating likewise to your Apprehensions of Mr. [Pickering] Robinson’s designing to leave the Province, and your laying aside the Building of the Additional Filature at Savanah, gave the Trustees great Uneasiness; For They would not have ventured to Order the Building of the two Filatures, nor have encouraged the other Expences for the Silk, if They had not been pretty well assured of a Supply from Parliament this Year to Enable them. I shall add nothing more on this head, than the hopes that You will still go on with Vigour, and will have the Assistance of Mr. Robinson continued in this usefull Work, that the People may yet be Animated by his Example, and by Seeing the Works in the Filature to Enlarge their Plantations of Mulberry Trees, as much and as soon as possible.

The Contents of your Letter of December 19th. gave great Satisfaction.

Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., March 14, 1752, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 132, concerning Samuel Marcer’s salary and stationery sent. By the Industry, Capt. Pearson.

Sir and Gentlemen

Your Letter of the 8th. of August last being laid before the Trustees, with Mr. Samuel Marcer’s Account, who appears over paid at Michaelmas 1750; The Trustees have determined that he has no Right to the Salary of Assistant from the day he was Suspended.

By this Conveyance you will receive a Box of Stationary, containing 1 Ream fine Writing Demy

Benjamin Martyn to Pickering Robinson, March 16, 1752, no place of writing given, C.O. 5/669, p. 133, concerning sale of Ga. silk and future encouragements. By the Industry, Capt. Alexr. Pearson.

Sir

Tho’ I know Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd will Acquint You with the general Approbation given to the Georgia Silk at a publick Auction of it last Friday, at the Exchange Coffee house, and the high Price at which it sold, vizt. 20s and 20s & 4d p lb. of 16 Ounces, yet I cannot neglect this Opportunity of assuring you that the Expectations of the Publick are greatly raised, and if there is any Appearance from this Year’s Produce, that their Expectations are likely to be Answered, no Encouragements I am persuaded will be wanting to Carry on the Culture to such an height, as may soon make the Province of Georgia the most considerable in North America. As You will have so great a Share in the Reputation of this, I hope you will long Enjoy all the Advantages of it.

Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., March 16, 1752, London, C.O. 5/669, pp. 133-134, concerning sale of Ga. silk and future encouragements, fire engine for Ga., surrender of Trust power in Ga., and Indian treaties to remain in effect. By the Industry, Capt. Alexr. Pearson.

Sir and Gentlemen

Herewith you will receive a Copy of my Letter to you dated January 23rd. by the Charming Martha Capt. Lesslie, and a Copy of my Letter of the 8th. instant by the Fortrose Capt. Mackenzie. I have very little to Add to this last, except the telling you, that the Silk reeled in the Filature last Year, and brought home by the Charming Martha, was last friday sold by publick Auction at the Exchange Coffee house, and it went at so high a price as 20s. and 20s. and 4d. p lb. of 16 Oz. Which was higher than most Italian Silk sells at, and even at a Par with the best Piemont.⁵² As there was a great Appearance of Merchants, Weavers, and other Traders, and as the Silk met with a general Approbation, the Expectations of the Publick are greatly raised, of this Culture becoming highly advantagious to Great Britain; and this must of Course make the Province of Georgia, one of the most considerable in North America. From what was done in the Filature last Year (when five Women reeled off, Each of them 22 Ounces of Silk the first day) and from what is known to be the usual Produce of a Person’s reeling in Italy, in which Work, in the warmer Parts, They are usually employed from 70 to 80, nay 90 days, You may easily judge, and convince all the Inhabitants of what an Advantage this Produce must be to them, in three or four Years, when They may have sufficient Stocks of Mulberry Trees.

The Trustees are not a little Surprised that They have had no Intelligence of your receiving the Fire Engine, which They sent at your Desire, which was shipped on board the Ann and Elizabeth Capt. Thomas Hunt, and the Bill of Lading was dated the 11th. of July last.

As I told you in my last, I believe the Trustees will not make the Surrender of their Trust before Midsummer, nor before Christmas I believe; But however, the Accounts of all Expences up to Midsummer must, as I then said, be made up as soon as possible, and sent to me to Samuel Lloyds Esqr.

P.S. Lest the Indians should receive any bad Impressions, by means of any idle Reports or Insinuations, with regard to the Trustees Surrender, it may be proper for you to Inform them that the Treaties, made with them by the Trustees, will remain in full force; And that the Trustees, who made the said Treaties, were Authorised by the King, who is now taking the Power into his own Hands, and is taking them into his own Protection.

Benjamin Martyn to James Habersham, March 16, 1752, London, C.O. 5/669, p. 135, concerning sale of Ga. silk and future encouragements, and Ga. accounts. By the Industry, Capt. Pearson.

Sir

I have very little to Acquaint you with, since my Letter of the 9th. Instant, sent by the Fortrose Capt. Mackenzie, except that there was last Friday a publick Auction at the Exchange Coffee house, of the Silk brought home by the Charming Martha. There was a great Appearance of Merchants, Weavers, and other Traders. The Silk was greatly and generally approved of, as You will readily judge by the high Price it went at, which was 20s. and 20s. and 4d. p lb. of 16 Oz. which is higher than most, even of the Italian Silk, sells for. You may remember that in my Letter to You, January the 24th., I supposed the Value of this Silk might be 16s. a pound of 16 Ounces, and at that rate calculated the produce of 500 Women’s Labour in reeling at £28,125.- Sterl. p Ann; But at 20s. a pound, at which this Silk was sold at the Auction, the Produce would be £35,156.- Sterling. Such a Profit! That I am persuaded I need not add any Thing further to recommend the Culture of Silk. But however this I cannot help saying, the Publick Sale has show’d the Value of the Produce in Georgia; It has tended to raise the Expectations of the Publick, and if these are answered in any Degree by the Produce this Season, and the People’s applying themselves in general to the planting of Mulberry Trees, I am sure They may depend on all the Encouragements They can reasonably desire. The gaining however such an Annual Sum in the Province, as I mentioned, would of It Self be a sufficient Encouragement, and as a sufficient Stock of Trees might be raised in five or six years, and such a Number of Women might easily acquire the Art of reeling within that time, it is certainly in the Power of the Inhabitants with a little Industry and Perseverance (if They will not liston to, or be drawn away by any Whispers or idle Rumours) to Carry the Culture to such an height.

It is now thought, that the Trustees will not Surrender their Trust before Midsummer next, nor probably before Christmas next; However, (as I have acquainted the President and Assistants) the Accots. of all Expences must be made up to Midsummer, and sent over, as soon as conveniently can be after, directed to me at Samuel Lloyd’s Esqr.

Harman Verelst to James Habersham, April 4, 1752, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 136, concerning accounts of Mrs. Harrison as midwife. By the Neptune, Capt. Rutherford.

Sir

The inclosed Accot. from Mrs. Harrison being sent over to Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd to Enquire into, I have returned it to you, with the following Observations thereon, vizt.

That the £18:10:- was not paid to Capt. Thomson, to whom Mrs. Harrison made the Sum payable to, as balance thereof.

That the £1:5:- paid her for the laying of 5 Women was so paid 11th. Janry 1743, with her half year’s Salary to Christmas 1743.

That the 8th. December 1744 She rec’d her like Salary to Midsr. 1744, but Nothing then is supposed was Charged by her for the Laying of Women, as nothin was paid, nor no Notice taken of any Claim made.

That the 29th. of August 1745 She rec’d her like Salary to Lady Day 1745, and no Mention of any Women laid.

That 24th. December 1746 She rec’d her like Salary to 25th. Septr. 1745 and no Mention of any Women laid.

And that since the Non Payment in Georgia of the above mentioned £18:10:- as balance of the said Account drawn for by her on Mr. [William] Stephens 30th. May 1747, She rec’d the £7.10. for her like Salary therein Charged from 25th Septr. 1745 to Lady Day 1747, at two Payments, the One on the 31st. of August 1747 of £ 5.- to 25th. Septr. 1746, and the Other the 10th. of December foll. of £2.10.- to Lady Day 1747.

The Question therefore remains, when the 44 Women, part of the 49 charged in the said Account by her as Inhabitants at Frederica laid by her, were so laid; And what Reasons were given for her not being paid for them, if before Claim’d by her, which ought to have been at the different times of receiving her Salary as well as the 25s. for the five paid for to her the 11th. Janry. 1743, with her Salary to Christmas 1743. And if this can be made out to the Satisfaction of the President & Assistants, that such Inhabitants were delivered by her, and were Poor, and for which She has rec’d no Satisfaction, it is but Justice to pay her for the said 44, or so many as shall appear fit Objects for such Relief.

Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., April 7, 1752, London, C.O. 5/669, pp. 137-138, concerning dismissal of Samuel Marcer and appointment of William Russell, land grants, Trustees giving up authority in Ga. By the Neptune, Capt. Rutherford.

Sir and Gentlemen

I acquainted you in my Letter dated March 8th. that the Trustees had absolutely dismiss’d Mr. [Samuel] Marcer from the Offices of Assistants, and third Bailiff of the Town Court, and that Mr. William Russell was made third Bailiff in his Room. Mr. Russell’s Appointment, under the Seal of the Corporation, is herewith sent to You.

The Trustees have since my last resolved to grant 500 Acres of Land to Each of the following Persons. vizt. Mr. James Campbell, Mr. John Williams, Mr. Roderick Gwynn, Mr. William Aldridge, and Mr. George Applebee. These Gentlemen have had Notice given them, that They must inmediately go over themselves, or send proper Agents to get the Lands survey’d, and to Enter on, and take possession of the same by cultivating some parts thereof.

The Trustees are not a little disappointed to find so many Ships are coming from South Carolina, and that no Packet arrives by any of them with the Descriptions of the People’s Lands, which They have so much desired, and which I have so often wrote for; However, that every Persons’ Property and Right to it may stand as clear and unexceptionable as possible, you must exhort the Inhabitants, who have any Minutes made by you at your Meetings for Lands, of which They have not yet taken Possession, to get the same survey’d, and to Cultivate some Parts thereof without Loss of Time.

I acquainted you in my Letter dated the 3d. of October last, by the Success Capt. Isaack, that the Trustees had resolved to grant 500 Acres of Land to Each of the following ten Persons. vizt. Messrs. John Stevenson, James Dennestone, Michael Herries, Alexander Walker, Andrew Blackburn, James Johnson, William Crawford, John Crawford, James Walker, and Richard Oswald. As these Gentlemen have, I believe, altered their Minds, by having given up to me the Letter which I wrote to you, and delivered to them, in which the Resolution of the Trustees was signified, there will be no Occasion to make any Reserve of Lands on their Account.

I acquainted you in my Letter March 16th. by the Industry Capt. Pearson, that it was as yet doubtfull whether the Trustees would surrender at Midsummer, or stay till after the King’s Return from Germany, which may be a little before Christmas; But however, at all Events You and all the several Persons in the Trustees Estimate were to Continue to Act in your Respective Stations, till a new Form of Government should take Place in the Colony. That You may see how fully Authorised You will be to Act in such manner. It has been referred by the Privy Council, and the Lords of Trade, to the Attorney and Sollicitor General, to Consider and report in what manner you may be empowered to Act; And They have reported, that the proper Method will by a Proclamation, upon which the Attorney and Sollicitor have been directed to draw up such a Proclamation. The first Opportunity that offers, after it is settled and signed, I will certainly acquaint you with it.

Benjamin Martyn to James Habersham, April 7, 1752, London, C.O. 5/669, pp. 138-139, concerning Pickering Robinson and silk culture and surrender of Trustee authority in Ga. By the Neptuen, Capt. Rutherford.

Sir

As I have an Opportunity of writing two or three Lines to you by Capt. Rutherford, I make Use of it with Pleasure to let you know, that your Letter to Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd, acquainting him with the Return of Mr. [Pickering] Robinson to Savanah, and his taking his Place with Mr. [Francis] Harris at the Board of Assistants, gave the Trustees the highest Satisfaction. Tho’ You have said Nothing about the erecting of the second Filature, the Trustees hope Mr. Robinson’s Return was early enough to get this compleated soon enough for the Silk Season.

You will find by my Letter to the President and Assistants of this day, that a Proclamation is preparing by the Attorney and Sollicitor General to Empower You all to Act in your respective Stations from the time of the Surrender, till the new Form of Government shall take Place in the Colony; From hence You may reasonably Conclude that the Surrender will be at Midsummer, or before, and that a Regard will be had to you, in the establishing of the future Government. However, tho’ the Surrender may be made before Midsummer, a certain Number of the Trustees will be authorized to dispose of the Money granted in the last Session, and to deliver the Accounts of the same to the proper Offices here. The Accounts of all Disbursements up to Midsummer must therefore, as I acqauinted you in my Letter of March the 16th. be made out as soon as possible, and sent over to me.

Benjamin Martyn to William Russell, April 7, 1752, London, C.O. 5/669, p. 139, informing him of his appointment as Third Bailiff of the Town Court at Savannah. By the Neptune, Capt. Rutherford.

Sir

The Trustees having appointed you third Bailiff of the Town Court at Savanah, in the room of Mr. Samuel Marcer, your Appointment for the said Office, under the Seal of the Corporation, is sent by this Conveyance to the President and Assistants, to be delivered to you; And the Trustees have no Doubt, but your Conduct will very well justify the Choice They have made.

1. The letters are given in order in CRG, XXIV, 349-351, 353-358. The list of inhabitants has not been found. It was noted as received by the Trustees in their meeting of Aug. 19, 1745. CRG, I, 472.

2. Samuel Johnson’s A Dictionary of the English Language (London, 1755; reprint, London, 1983), gives one meaning of “main” as “a hand at dice.” This is evidently the meaning here.

3. A game of dice.

4. Jethro Tull was an eighteenth-century English agricultural reformer, especially noted for his new methods of plowing.

5. Zeigenhagen was chaplain to the Royal Lutheran Chapel in London and often concerned with Salzburger affairs.

6. The Rev. Hermann Henry Lemke.

7. This list is below pp. 17-22.

8. This letter has not been located.

9. There is confusion in the E. Merton Coulter and Albert B. Saye, eds., List of Early Settlers of Georgia (Athens, 1949) about the deaths of Michael and Peter Germain and the remarrying of their widows. See under Peter and Anne Emery (pp. 72-73) and Michael and Peter Germain and their families (p. 75). Evidently Emery married Anne Germain, the widow of Will Germain, not Michael Germain as the List says.

10. Bull, Thomas Causton, Capt. Quarme, and several others died on board the Judith on the way to Ga. See CRG, XXV, 8.

11. A town located on Portsmouth harbor, opposite Portsmouth.

12 None of these servants are included in the List of Early Settlers, which ends in 1741.

13 In the original manuscript this word looks like “Salvors” (one who engages in salvage), though it could be “Labour” which makes more sense here.

14. This memorial has not been located, but it is summarized in the minutes of the Trustees for May 19, 1746. CRG, I, 487-488.

15. Von Munch and the Rev. Samuel Urlesperger, both of Augsburg, were elected Corresponding Members of the Trust at the March 19, 1746/7, meeting of the Trustees. CRG, I, 499.

16. This translation was made by Professor Lee B. Kennett of the History Dept., Univ. of Ga.

17. Neither of these letters has been located.

18. The List of Early Settlers gives John, a son, and Constance, a daughter, both born in Ga.; but no birth dates are given.

19. Bazel, bazil, or basil was sheep skin tanned in bark.

20. A large cask of varying capacity.

21. This letter has not been located.

22. This letter has not been located, but is summarized in the Trustees’ minutes of Dec. 21, 1747, CRG, I, 505.

23. John Ludwig Meyer was a surgeon who arrived in Ga. in 1741, settled at Ebenezer, and seems to have been selected by Bolzius as an assistant in secular affairs. References to him are found in CRG, XXV and XXVI.

24. Made into a twisted yarn used as the warp thread in fine fabrics.

25. The Duke of Bedford was Secretary of State for the Southern Department, which would handle the peace negotiations of 1748.

26. This letter has not been located.

27. Penelope Fitzwalter came on the Ann with her first husband John Wright. He died in December 1737. Afterwards she married Jospeh Fitzwalter, the gardner of the Trustees Garden in Savannah. He died Oct. 28, 1742. Joseph Fitzwalter was appointed wharfinger on Dec. 31, 1741. Upon Penelope’s request, she was given the office after Joseph’s death. CRG, VI, 20, 51; XXV, 337-338.

28. This letter has not been located.

29. The letters of May 20 and 23 are in CRG, XXV, pp. 295-298, but that of May 27 has not been located.

30. The letter of May 3 is in CRG, XXV, pp. 286-290, but those of May 9 and June 1 have not been located.

31. The letter of June 12 is in CRG, XXV, 298-300, but that of May 9 with the postcript of June 1 has not been located.

32. This letter is printed above pp. 110-112.

33. This letter has not been located.

34. This letter is not in the Trustees’ letter book.

35. This letter has not been located.

36. This letter has not been located. There are no minutes of a meeting of the Trustees nor of their Common Council on Aug. 1, 1749, nor can any record of such a letter be found in the minutes of either body. See CRG, I and II.

37. This letter has not been located.

38. These objections of Bolzius are not in his letter of May 24, but in that of July 6, 1749. See CRG, XXV, 382-385.

39. This letter has not been located, but Bolzius mentions this bill in his letter of May 16, 1749, to Verelst. CRG, XXV, 372.

40. A kind of paper originally with a pot as a watermark.

41. This letter has not been located.

42. The representation on the Negro Act is apparently dated 26 Oct. 1749. The minutes of the Common Council for April 11, 1750, give the date of the letters to Martyn and Verelst as 18 Jan. 1749/50.

See CRG, XXV, 430-447, 453-468; II, 504-505.

43. This letter has not been located.

44. This letter has not been located.

45. This petition has not been located.

46. Frances Cox married Lt. James Watts after the death of her husband, Will Cox, in 1733. She and her children (Eunice and Will) returned to England in 1734 after the death of Watts. There is an earlier reference to her property in CRG, XXX, 314-315.

47. This should be July 25, not 21. CRG, VI, 328.

48. No copy of this letter has been found but it is treated in the Trustees minutes of Aug. 24, 1751. CRG, I. 566-567.

49. On Jan. 1, 1752, the British Empire adopted the Gregorian Calendar which began the year on January 1, rather than March 25 as had the old Julian Calendar. Hence the custom of using double year dates between January 1 and March 25, as used in this volume, was discontinued.

50. CRG, I, 558-559.

51. In the May 6, 1752, Trustee minutes an entry directs that papers and books at Harman Verelst’s house (where the Trustee office has been located since June 1742) be removed to Mr. Shropshire’s Bookseller in New Bond Street. Henceforth Martyn’s letters are dated from London. The two remaining letters which Verelst wrote were headed from the Georgia Office, Westminster. The post office was to be directed to deliver all mail addressed to Martyn or Verelst at the Georgia Office to the New Bond Street address. CRG, I, 576.

52. Piemonte is the Italian spelling of Piedmont, that part of Northern Italy where silk was raised in the eighteenth century.