Index
her correspondence with TJ, 97–99, 103
Adams, John: in Continental Congress, 1, 3, 13
his reconciliation with TJ, 2, 95–104
death and eulogy of, 2, 128–30
on TJ, 3–4, 30, 59, 60, 64, 69, 73–74, 100, 103
early life of, 3–5
personal traits of, 5–10, 30–31, 64, 105–8, 129
and independence, 10–17
and American constitutions, 17–26
as envoy in Europe, 26–27, 29–30
as minister to Great Britain, 30, 33, 34, 44
and U.S. Constitution, 43–44
and French Revolution, 51–52, 56, 59–60, 69, 72, 75, 94, 113, 116, 120
as vice president, 53–60
his confrontation with TJ, 57–61
and election of 1796, 62–68
presidency of, 68–86
and election of 1800, 86–91, 93–94
his correspondence with TJ, 104–28
Adams, John Quincy: as “Publicola,” 58–59
becomes Republican, 101
elected president, 125, 126, 127
Alien and Sedition Laws, 78–79, 80–81, 82, 83, 84, 88, 98–99, 110
American Bible Society, 124
Aristocracy: for TJ, 22, 42, 43, 47–48, 50, 52, 113–14
for JA, 40, 43, 47, 51, 54–55, 56, 58, 112–15
Aristotle, 18
Bacon, Sir Francis, 9
Balanced government: JA and, 18–19, 25–26, 40, 56, 94, 100
TJ and, 22, 42, 52, 89, 99. See also Constitutions; Defence of American Constitutions
Belsham, Thomas, 110
Bernard, Governor Francis, 10
Bolingbroke, Viscount, 4, 10, 86, 107
Bonaparte, Napoleon, 89, 105, 111
Boston Patriot, 100
Burgh, James, 86
Burr, Aaron, 90–91
Cabell, Samuel J., 80
Callender, James T., 98, 99, 100
Chastellux, Marquis de, 37
Chesapeake-Leopard Affair, 101
Coke, Sir Edward, 4
Coles, Edward, 103
Condorcet, Marquis de, 49, 50, 51
Constitutions: British, 11–13, 18–19, 39, 41, 49, 51, 57, 60–61
Massachusetts, 24–26, 41, 100, 115–16
U.S. federal, 43–44, 62, 89, 90, 93
French, 51–52, 56, 115. See also Balanced government
Continental Congress, 1, 3, 13
Cooper, Thomas, 78
Cunningham, William, 126
Declaration of Independence, 14–17, 24, 120
Defence of the American Constitutions: 38–43, 51–52, 56, 63, 112
Democracy: for JA, 11, 18, 19, 39, 40, 56, 72, 93, 100
for TJ, 11, 22–23, 24, 42, 52, 53, 79, 80, 92, 100, 115
Democratic Societies, 80
Discourses on Davila, 56, 57, 58, 113
Dissertation on the Canon and Feudal Law, 5–6
Dupont, Pierre Samuel, 49, 51, 81
Dupuis, Charles François, 109, 124
Embargo, 101
Enlightenment, 4, 6–7, 9, 16, 37, 77–78, 117, 121, 123
Estates General, 48–49
Europe: JA’s and TJ’s responses to, 34–38, 53
in JA’s political theory, 42, 114
disentanglement from, 69, 89–90, 92, 108
Federalist party: JA and, 56, 60, 63–64, 70–71, 96, 100
in election of 1796, 63–68
and “crisis of 1798,” 74–76, 79, 80, 84–85
in election of 1800, 86–88, 90–91
and War of 1812, 102, 10g. See also Political parties
Forrest, Uriah, 73
France: and alliance of 1778, 28, 30, 69, 72, 74, 90
JA and, 29–30
and American commerce, 33–34
and Dutch revolution, 45
and French Revolution, 46–53 passim, 59–60, 63, 89
and war crisis with U.S., 68–72, 74–76, 81–82, 84–85, 96
Franklin, Benjamin: as minister to France, 26–27, 28, 32
on JA, 54
Geneva, 72
Gordon, Thomas, 86
Great Britain: and American Revolution, 11–14
and American commerce, 29, 30, 34
TJ’s hostility to, 33–34, 71, 89
and JA’s presidency, 68–69, 71, 86
and War of 1812, 108–9
Grimm, Baron, 107
Hamilton, Alexander: and JA and TJ, 60–61
in election of 1796, 63, 66–67
and JA’s presidency, 70, 81–82, 86
in election of 1800, 86, 88, 91
Harrington, James, 26
History: for JA and TJ, 16, 21, 39–40, 42, 77, 117
Holland, 29, 39, 44, 45, 48, 72
Human nature, 6, 20–21, 39–40, 56. See also Aristocracy
Hutcheson, Francis, 4
Hutchinson, Thomas, 10
Jefferson, Martha, 32
Jefferson, Peter, 9
Jefferson, Thomas: in Continental Congress, 1, 13
death and eulogy of, 2, 128–30
early life of, 3–5
personal traits of, 5–10, 31, 64, 73, 105–8
and independence, 10–17
and American constitutions, 17–26
as commissioner in Europe, 28–32
as minister to France, 33–34
and JA’s Defence, 40–42
and U.S. Constitution, 43–44
and French Revolution, 46–53, 59, 75, 89, 93, 116–17, 120
as secretary of state, 53–61
his confrontation with JA, 57–61
and election of 1796, 62–68
as vice president and party leader, 68–85
and election of 1800, 86–91
his inaugural address, 91–92
reconciliation with JA, 2, 97–104
his correspondence with JA, 104–28
Jesus, 121–23
Judiciary Act of 1801, 97, 100
Lafayette, Marquis de, 35, 49, 50, 52
La Rochefoucauld, Due de, 49
Latin American revolutions, 118
Louisiana Purchase, 100
Lucretius, 37
Machiavelli, Niccolo, 18
Madison, James: and JA, 30, 68
in election of 1796, 65, 66–68
quoted, 75–76
Marshall, John, 120
Mason, George, 24
Massachusetts: Puritan heritage of, 5–6
constitution of, 24–26, 41–42, 100, 125
Mazzei, Philip, 73
Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence, 120–21
Missouri Compromise, 125–26
Monarchy: for JA, 25, 40, 43, 54–55, 58, 81
Monroe Doctrine, 118
Montesquieu, Baron de, 4, 6, 18, 47, 51
National Gazette, 79
North, Lord, 13
Notes on the State of Virginia, 37
Novanglus, 11–13
Oliver, Andrew, 10
Oliver, Peter, 10
Paine, Thomas: Common Sense, 14, 17, 27
Pickering, Timothy, 70, 81, 86
Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth, 69, 71, 86
Plato, 111
Political parties: rise of, 62, 87
ideological issue between, 79–80, 92–94
revival of, 126
Pope, Alexander: 18
Press, freedom of, 79–80, 83, 88
Preston, Captain Thomas, 10, 102
Priestley, Joseph, 78, 109–10, 121, 122
Religion: and JA, 5–6, 7, 25, 35, 70, 75, 118, 122, 123–25
and TJ, 6–7, 22, 25, 88, 121–23
Republican party: in election of 1796, 62–68
and French crisis, 70–71, 72–73
and “crisis of 1798,” 74–76, 82–83
in election of 1800, 88–91
in 1820s, 127. See also Political parties
Rush, Benjamin, 2, 103–4, 54, 119
Science, 9, 77–78, 88, 110, 117
Scott, Sir Walter, 107
Separation of powers. See Balanced government
Shays’ Rebellion: JA and, 38, 102
Sidney, Algernon, 4
Society of Cincinnati, 45
Society of Jesus, 118
State rights doctrines, 83, 84, 89, 127
Stevens, John, 51
Summary View of the Rights of British America, A, 11–13, 81
Tacitus, 108
Taylor, John, 115
Thoughts on Government, 17, 18–19, 22, 25
Thucydides, 108
Treaty of Peace (1783), 27
Trenchard, John, 86
Turgot, Baron de, 33, 39, 47, 51
Union, 11, 83, 84, 109, 126, 129
Vergennes, Comte de, 29
Virginia: colonial heritage of, 6
Statute of Religious Freedom, 7, 23
constitution and reforms in, 21–24, 114, 115–16
and “crisis of 1798,” 80
Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions, 83–84
Virginia, University of, 105, 125
Volney, C. F., 78
Warren, Mercy Otis, 7, 20, 55, 96, 120
Washington, George: as president, 53, 54, 62, 68, 80
also, 1, 3, 58, 65, 66, 69, 71, 73, 81, 119
Whiskey Rebellion, 80
William V, Prince of Orange, 45, 48
Wirt, William, 120
Wolcott, Oliver, 69–70
XYZ Affair, 74–76