Notes
Notes 
1. George F. Jones, ed., Henry Newman’s Salzburger Letterbooks (Wormsloe Foundation Publications, No. 10. Athens, Georgia, 1966.)
2. Samuel Urlsperger, ed., Ausführliche Nachricht von den Saltzburgischen Emigranten … (Halle, 1735 ff.)
3. Franckesche Stiftung—Missionsarchiv Abtheilung 5A. All missionaries sent out by the Francke Foundation were required to submit regular reports, which were then entered into letterbooks still found in the archives of that charitable institution.
4. The Journal of the Rev. John Wesley, A.M. (London, 1907), I, 52.
5. See notes 241 and 242.
6. Walter L. Robbins, ed. and trans., “John Tobler’s Description of South Carolina (1753)” in South Carolina Historical Magazine 71 (1970), 148.
7. Typical Pietist tenets are expressed in the entries for 8 Jan., 30 July, 6, 22, Aug., 4, 25, 30 Oct., 5, 24 Nov., 20, 21, 22 Dec.
8. O Jesu Christ, dein Kripplein ist. Hymn by Paul Gerhard.
9. Isaiah 41:17.
10. Johann Paul Francke. See entries for 27 Feb. and 8 March. His mother was probably the same as Ann Barbara Frank, who received 100 acres in Purysburg on 17 March, 1735. Henry A. M. Smith, “Purrysburgh,” in The South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine 10 (1909), 212.
11. Boltzius meant to say the Bartholomaus Riesers. Balthasar was the second son, then aged thirteen. Jones, ed., Newman Letterbook, 371. See note 1 above, also entry for 19 May.
12. In his journal under May 5, Wesley wrote: “I was asked to baptize a child of Mr. Parker’s, second Bailiff of Savannah; but Mrs. Parker told me, ‘Neither Mr. P. nor I will consent to its being dipped.’ I answered, ‘If you certify that your child is weak, it will suffice (the rubric says) to pour water upon it.’ She replied, ‘Nay, the child is not weak, but I am resolved it shall not be dipped.’ This argument I could not confute. So I went home; and the child was baptized by another person.” (p. 29). This refusal was the fifth of ten bills presented to the grand jury that tried Wesley. (p. 56). The Journal of the Rev. John Wesley, A. M. (New York, 1907) 29, 56.
13. Benjamin Ingham. See entry for 12 March.
14. The Halle copy of this entry ends at this point. The remainder was added by Urlsperger in his Ausführliche Nachricht. (See note 2.)
15. Burning off the woods, which was standard procedure until a generation ago, is still permitted under certain conditions.
16. Hallelujah, Lob, Preis, und Ehre. Anonymous hymn. The child’s retarded speech probably resulted from brain damage caused by the high fever suffered by all the children.
17. This was Christian H. Müller, whom the Earl of Egmont lists separately (not as one of Friedrich Wilhelm Müller’s dependents) as servant to Ernst Ludwig von Reck, the commissioner’s younger brother. E. Merton Coulter and Albert B. Saye, A List of the Early Settlers of Georgia (Athens, 1967), 37.
18. Johanna Margareta and Johanna Agnese. There was one other daughter, Frederica, and two sons, Johann Simon and Johann Paul (in addition to the son in the note above). Their mother was Anna Christiana.
19. Boltzius writes this name as Schmannsgruber, Schomansgruber, and Schoemansgruber. George F. Jones and Marie Hahn, eds., Detailed Reports on the Salzburger Emigrants … (Athens, Ga., 1972), 116, 124, 189. On 16 Sept. 1738 fifty acres of land in Purrysburg were granted to George Schonman Grober. Smith, 214. See note 10.
20. Those preparing for Holy Communion.
21. The first pastor there, Joseph Bugnion, left Purysburg for St. James in Santee in the fall of 1734. His successor, Henri François Chiffele arrived with Purry at that time (See entry for 22 Nov., 1974). Frederick Dalcho (An Historical Account of the Episcopal Church in South Carolina [Charleston, 1820], 386) is in error in stating that Chiffelle did not arrive in Purysburg until 1744. Chifelle lived until 1765 (the same as Boltzius), during which time he received many land grants under the name of Chivillet, Chevelis, Chefeille, and Shiffle. Smith, 212, 213, 217, 218. See note 10.
22. When Boltzius writes “potatoes,” he means sweet potatoes. He used the word Erd-Apfel (earth apples, pommes de terre) for white potatoes, which are now generally called “Irish” potatoes in that part of Georgia.
23. Boltzius never furnishes evidence for his paranoic fear of the Herrnhuters’ calumny. In this case he should have suspected Rheinlaender’s ingratiating gossip.
24. This is the commandment against adultery, which is number seven in the King James Bible. Like the Vulgate, Luther’s Bible combines the first two commandments and divides the tenth, thus changing the number of all the intervening ones.
25. See note 24.
26. Against adultery and stealing. See note 24.
27. He got only as far as Pennsylvania, where he settled.
28. contra septum, against stealing. See note 24.
29. Here Boltzius is following a tradition of medieval theology in which all persons and events of the Old Testament are proved to be prefigurations of those of the New Testament.
30. Chiffelle. See note 21.
31. Johann Paul Francke. See note 10.
32. Sweet potatoes, See note 22.
33. Zwifler seems to have come from an area now in Slovakia.
34. Johann Paul Francke. See note 10.
35. This was a certain Jacob (?) Matthews, whom Mary married after Musgrove and before the Rev. Thomas Bosomworth.
36. Mary Musgrove was valuable as interpreter and liaison agent with the Indians, she herself being a mixed blood.
37. Urlsperger changed casus necessitatis (case of necessity) into Notfall (emergency).
38. Ross. See entry for 3 June.
39. Tertian malaria.
40. Boltzius’ spelling for Uchee, which he must have only heard.
41. Asotion, dissoluteness, sensuality. Related to Lat. asôtiâ.
42. Dominica Judiaca, the ‘Judgment of God,’ apparently the title of his sermon.
43. Pastor Bonaventura Riesch had ministered to those Salzburgers who had sojourned in Lindau. See Jones, ed., Newman Letterbooks, 482, 553 (note 1, above).
44. Boltzius contrasts his present ungeschmaltzen Brot (bread without butter) with Mehlspeise, or desserts made of fine flour.
45. This passage begins with verse 13 in the King James version, which numbers some Psalm verses differently from the Luther version.
46. E.g., the favorable reports that appeared in An Extract from the Journals of Mr. Commissary Von Reck, … and of the Reverend Mr. Boltzius … (London, 1734).
47. E. g., Short Description of the Present Status of South Carolina (Neuchâtel, 1733). Jean Purry’s claims were typical of the promotional literature then flooding South Germany and Switzerland. Since Purysburg lay at 32 latitude, the same as Jerusalem, it had to be a paradise. See entry for 8 May.
48. The medieval church had taught that any sexual activity was sinful unless solely for the procreation of children in wedlock. The term peccatum onaniticum (see Genesis 38:9) was incorrectly used to designate masturbation.
49. I John 2:1; I John 1:7.
50. Bach was later scalped by the Spanish Indians.
51. This was the group of Appenzellers brought by Johann Tobler. See entry for 8 May. See Charles G. Cordle, “The John Tobler Manuscripts,” in Journal of Southern History V (1939), 83-93.
52. Du bist ja, Jesu, meine Freude. Hymn by C. T. Koitsch.
53. Pirogue, a large dugout. Boltzius used the Spanish term periagua, a folk-etymological corruption of a Carib word.
54. Christ, the convert, suffered from consumption.
55. Like many others in Purysburg and elsewhere, Kieffer had cleared his land only to find that the title was faulty.
56. David Zubli(n), father of Johann Joachim Zubly, who was a leader of Dissenters in Georgia and member of the Continental Congress. Six hundred acres of land were granted to David Zubli in Purysburg on 14 Dec. 1739. Smith, 216. See note 10.
57. Sebastian Zuberbuehler, son of Bartholomaus Zuberbuhler, Anglican leader in Georgia. One hundred acres in Purysburg were granted on 9 April 1743 to Savastian Zuberbukber. Smith, 217. See note 10.
58. Girrendes Tàublein, die Gebundene Seufzerlein eines mit Gott verbundenen Hertzens, … (Leipzig 1731.)
59. Geh auf, meines Hertzens Morgenstern. Hymn by Johann Scheffler.
60. This allusion seems to confuse Psalm 124:7 with Proverbs 6:5.
61. Jesu, deine heiligen Wunden. Hymn by O. C. Damius.
62. Ein’ feste Burg. Hymn by Luther, anthem of the Lutheran church.
63. The term “late Professor” always refers to the father, August Hermann Francke, the founder of the Francke Foundation.
64. Believing his readers familiar with this passage, Boltzius wrote only the first verse; but Urlsperger added: “few there be that find it.”
65. Boltzius uses the word “teacher” (Lehrer) to mean minister of the gospel. A school teacher is a Schulmeister.
66. At Savannah-Town, in New Windsor Township.
67. It is amazing how much editing Urlsperger performed in order to conceal the fact that there were marital squabbles in Ebenezer.
68. A medication manufactured by Johann Caspar Schauer, a benefactor of the Salzburgers in Augsburg.
69. This refers to the son, Sebastian. See entry for 29 April.
70. Johann Tobler, mathematician and former governor (Landeshauptmann) of Appenzell. See note 51.
71. Revelations 21:7.
72. Solt ich meinem Gott nicht singen. Hymn by Paul Gerhard.
73. See note 70.
74. “So-called” because it was built by the Salzburgers in the Indian manner. Boltzius wishes to make it clear that he is not trying to encroach on Indian property.
75. Allusion to Lazerus Spengler’s hymn, Durch Adams Fall ist gantz verderbt.
76. Fort Moore.
77. For some reason Urlsperger changed the last sentence to read: “To be sure, we need a shoemaker, but perhaps a Christian man will be sent from Germany with the fourth transport.” This Reck (sometimes written Röck) was probably the Jacob Reck who received fifty acres in Purysburg on 16 Sept., 1738. Smith, 214. See note 10.
78. Boltzius uses the word justitiarius. He repeats this threat on 1 June.
79. John 3:19.
80. “As in parody.”
81. Friedrich Wilhelm Müller.
82. Sometimes called Ernstdorf. Baron von Reck picked up this indentured family in Savannah.
83. To stimulate production, the Trustees had paid a shilling subsidy for each bushel of corn harvested. See entry for 15 Dec., 1736.
84. A typical Pietist tenet.
85. Ortmann had been a lieutenant. See entry for 2 March, 1736.
86. The Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, which paid Boltzius’ and Gronau’s stipends.
87. See note 46.
88. Luke 18:7-8 is more appropriate in the Luther version than in the King James version, because it speaks of “saving” rather than of “avenging.”
89. Noble Jones, who surveyed Old Ebenezer. Jonas is the German name of the man swallowed by the whale.
90. In his entry for 28 April, Boltzius reported that Riedelsperger and Rieser had gone to Mary Musgrove’s cowpen. In his entry for 21 May he reported that Rauner and Leitner intended to go to Savannah-Town.
91. Was Gott thut, das ist wohl gethan. Hymn by Samuel Rodigast.
92. By “Altamaha” Boltzius means St. Simons Island.
93. Boltzius dated this and the following entries as 15 and 16 June, but Urlsperger changed them to the 16th and 17th.
94. Boltzius wrote Glaubens-Bekenntnis, or “confession of faith.”
95. Man lobt dich in der Stille. Hymn by Johann Rist.
96. In the Luther version this is Psalm 22:7. See note 45.
97. Here Boltzius is following a literary convention popular throughout the Middle Ages, that of clothing allegory.
98. Boltzius used “he” to refer to Prof. Francke, but the typesetter in Halle thought it referred to God and therefore capitalized it.
99. Boltzius does not make it clear that Christian Ernst Thilo had accepted the call to Georgia.
100. The war of the Polish Succession, 1733-35.
101. Scene of missionary activity in India maintained by the Francke Foundation.
102. Lobe den Herrn, den màchtigen Kõnig der Ehren. Hymn by Joachim Neander.
103. “He who is absent must do without.”
104. See 2 Timothy 1:16.
105. Kans Doch nicht ewig währen, oft hat Er unsere Zähren, eh mans meint, abgewischt. Wanns bey uns heisst: Wie lange wird mir so angst und bange? so hat Er Leib und Seel erfrischt. Apparently from a hymn.
106. Nun gute Nacht, du stilles Welt-Getümmel, … Solt ich denn wol mein Glücke selbst verschertzen? Das könt ich ja wol nimmermehr verschmertzen. Unidentified hymn.
107. Gott lässt uns zwar ein wenig sincken, aber nicht ertrincken.
108. Er wird zwar eine Weile mit seinem Trost verziehen, etc. … Wirds aber sich befinden, dass du ihm treu verbleibst, so wird er dich entbinden, etc. From an unidentified hymn.
109. Matthew 11:28.
110. Zu dir Herr Jesu komme ich. Hymn by J. A. Freylinghausen.
111. See note 90.
112. Another typical pietist sentiment.
113. Urlsperger lengthened Boltzius’ shortened quotation to: Meine gute Werck die galten nichts, es war mit ihnen verdorben, der freye Wille hasste Gottes Gericht, etc. Apparently from a hymn.
114. Kommt, denn alles ist bereit (Matthew 22:4) The King James version gives “Come unto the marriage.”
115. Psalm 103:10. In this case, Urlsperger shortened Boltzius’ quotation.
116. Baron Christoph von Ploto, the Prussian envoy to Salzburg, had attempted to collect debts and other sums due the Salzburgers who had emigrated to East Prussia.
117. Boltzius failed to fill in the blank, so Urlsperger re-worded the sentence.
118. John 7:37.
119. This was the son, Charles Purry, merchant in Purysburg.
120. Zu dir, Herr Jesu, komme ich (see note 110). Wer ist wol wie du, Jesu?
121. The “dear man” is not Spangenberg, but Freylinghausen!
122. By authority of the king.
123. “All others being excluded.”
124. Frederick William I of Prussia.
125. Samuel Quincy, the Anglican pastor in Savannah prior to Wesley.
126. In his edition of these reports, Urlsperger began a new volume at this point, which continued through 31 March, 1738. See note 2.
127. Boltzius failed to fill in these two ages.
128. See note 99.
129. The book of Sirach is found in the Apocrypha.
130. Wo der Herr Jesus ist, da ist Segen. This is not a quote from Luke 5, but perhaps the title of Boltzius’ sermon. See entry for 10 July.
131. Psalm 73:25. Luther renders this quite differently: Wenn ich nur dich habe, so frage ich nichts nach Himmel und Erde.
132. According to the entry for 4 July, Arnsdorf had been in Danish military service.
133. See note 75.
134. John 8:47.
135. It should be noted that this cruelty was practiced by Gronau, not Boltzius. Compare his treatment of the widow on 17 July.
136. While Georgia was fearing an attack from St. Augustine, merchants in Charleston and the northern colonies continued to supply that city.
137. Boltzius is quoting Luther’s rendition of Jeremiah 18:12 Daraus wird nichts; wir wollen nach unsern Gedancken wandeln. The King James version says, “There is no hope; but we will walk after our own devices.”
138. Boltzius says a Quadrat von sechzehn Englischen Meilen, but he means a four-mile square. See note 192.
139. Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld. Hymn by Paul Gerhard.
140. Ich weiss, du kanst mich nicht verstossen, wie köntest du ungnädig seyn dem, den dein Blut von Schuld und Pein erlöst, da es so reich geflossen, etc.
141. Nur frisch hinein, es wird so tief nicht seyn. This appears to be from a hymn.
142. These are from Luke 6:35 and Isaiah 43:24.
143. Urlsperger saw fit to add the following warning footnote:
The dispute about quinine (Urlsperger calls it fever-bark) or china de china is so general and so complicated that entire treatises have already been written about it. Therefore we will not be able to treat it in sufficient detail in this note. Nevertheless, a necessary warning can be expressed in a few words: Quinine requires a great caution, which cannot be expected of many people. Over a thousand people have lost their lives through the misuse of this bark, as cannot be denied by its proponents. All cold fevers can be thoroughly cured without this bark, and therefore one does not need to select this slippery and questionable method. The precaution that is taken with the previously given emetic is a clear proof that its inventor does not understand the nature of a cold fever. For in the most extensive medical practice we have scarcely six kinds of circumstances in which the emetic can be used without harm. Therefore it is certain that this recommended emetic will cause harm more often than the quinine itself. For, through useful additives and good preparation, quinine can be so restricted that it will not produce its usual dangerous astringent effect. In forma enim Decocti et additione remouentium partes Terrestres adstringentes crassiores excluduntur, teneriores autem disjunguntur. Nevertheless, if one considers what has been reported about this cure on 17 August of this year, one might well hesitate to use this quinine.
144. Galatians 6:7.
145. This seems to be a conglomerate of various Biblical passages.
146. The name Uselt, which appears as Unselt in the entry for 7 Nov., was borne by various members of the Ebenezer congregation during the Revolution. See index of A. G. Voigt, trans., Ebenezer Record Book (Savannah, 1929). See entry in present work for 7 Nov.
147. Married to Jörg Schweiger.
148. It is ironic that Boltzius’ very next report should be lost, or at least delayed, in the mail. See note 149.
149. Boltzius’ journal for the period 1 Aug. through 14 Nov. was lost or delayed, with the result that it was not entered into the current Halle letterbook. It did, however, reach Germany in time to be included, well expurgated, in Urlsperger’s next volume. Consequently, his deletions cannot be restored. See notes 2 and 3.
150. “M” is Muggitzer and “C” is Causton. See entry for 21 May.
151. The Virgin Islands then belonged to Denmark.
152. This must have been Herrnberger, who left Hungary to visit Protestant countries in the Holy Roman Empire. See entry for 20 March.
153. For Boltzius, a true Christian was a true Pietist.
154. Christian H. Müller. See note 10. The Earl of Egmont writes his middle name as Hervack, which must be an error for Heinrich.
155. Apparently Zwiffler. See entry for 25 Feb. But why the deletion?
156. Surely this is Mrs. Holtzer. But why is name suppressed here and mentioned in the next entry?
157. Amt der Schlüssel. Fifth section of Luther’s Small Catechisim.
158. A good example of Pietistic faith in rebirth in Jesus.
159. Hans Schmidt was the only Salzburger with those initials.
160. See Introduction, p. xii.
161. Boltzius often uses the word Anfechtung in the sense of “doubt,” that is, the temptation to lose faith in Jesus.
162. Sein Wort lass dir gewisser seyn, und ob dein Hertz sprach lauter Nein, so lass dir dock nicht grauen. Apparently from a hymn.
163. Boltzius is referring to the orphanage, in which she is to reside.
164. Mehr in einem gesetzlichen als evangelischem Geist. More in the spirit of the Old Testament than in that of the New, more according to the outward observance of the law than to rebirth in Jesus.
165. Die Stillen im Lande (the Quiet ones in the Country). A term of derision for the Pietists, later accepted by them as an honor.
166. The Gichtelianers were followers of the religious zealot Johann Georg Gichtel (1638-1710).
167. These were Indian beans, a kind of field pea that is still a major source of protein in the area.
168. From St. Gall in Switzerland. See entry for 15 Oct.
169. See entry for 12 Aug. and note 155.
170. Boltzius uses the word “honest” (redlich) of those who share his Pietistic principles.
171. Another expression of Pietistic viewpoint.
172. Bruckner. See entry for 30 Dec.
173. This is from Luther’s translation of Psalm 65:10 (Gottes Brünnlein hat Wassers die Fülle). The King James Bible has “the river of God, which is full of water.”
174. Boltzius was in error here. The “Trustee lots” were not reserved for wealthy men but for the common good.
175. Apparently Zettler. See entry for 11 May.
176. Probably the Ortmanns. See entry for 29 Sept. Their feud seems to have been with the Rheinlaenders.
177. Mrs. Arnsdorf.
178. Naturally, as indentured servants for a specific period of time to pay for their passage.
179. Reports from missionaries sent from Halle to the East Indies, like those sent from the “West Indies” by Boltzius and Gronau. Boltzius was probably reading from Der Königlichen Dänischen Missionarien aus Ost-Indien eingesandte Ausführliche Berichten. Halle 1735.
180. At this point Urlsperger added the reassuring footnote: “As already known, not only has good land been given since then to all the inhabitants of Ebenezer, but also many additional benefactions have been sent from Germany and England.”
181. Clearly the schoolmaster, Ortmann.
182. He did go to Germany, but he returned bringing his sister and other female immigrants.
183. Boltzius’ time was not short. He served for twenty-eight more years, until his death in 1765.
184. These were ricebirds, pests in the rice fields but considered song birds in the North, where they wear bright plumage and are called bobolinks (dolinchonyx oryzivorus).
185. Our good pastor is better at describing the means to salvation than the means to grinding meal. His words are: “Der oberste Stein, welcher an eine eiserne Spille und daran befindlich Quer-Eisen vest gemacht ist, wird mit einem geraden in die Höhe gehenden Stock, der oberwärts in einem ausgebohrten Brett-Loch, auf dem Steine aber mit dem Stachel in einem Löchlein steckt, herumgetrieben. Unter dem Unter-Steine liegt grade durch das ausgehohlte Holtz, darin die Steine liegen, ein Quer-Holtz, darauf die Spille in einem etwas ausgehohleten Eisen liegt, welches Quer-Holtz durch zwey untergesteckte Keile, die von dem dicken Ende spitz zu gehen, auf beyden Seiten bald erhöhet bald erniedriget werden kan, wenn man grob oder klar mahlen will.”
186. Another expression of Pietistic point of view.
187. These were Rauner, Michel Rieser, Stephen Riedelsperger, and Leitner. See entries for 28 April, 21 May, and 13 June.
188. See Introduction p. xii.
189. The Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, which paid Boltzius’ and Gronau’s stipends.
190. nach der sie allein anckert. An unusual expression.
191. He went the whole way to Herrnhut.
192. A Viereck von 16 Englischen Meilen. He must mean a four mile square. See note 138.
193. Boltzius consistently calls the slaves Mohren.
194. Boltzius, or Urlsperger, is probably suppressing the fact that these were Kieffer’s slaves.
195. This is so obviously Purysburg that nothing was accomplished by suppressing the name.
196. Guldenes Schatz-Kästlein der Kinder Gottes (Halle, 17??), devotional tract by Carl Heinrich Bogatzky.
197. Another expression of Pietistic thought.
198. See note 225.
199. John 3:16, I Timothy 1:15 or 2 Timothy 2:11, Matthew 11:28.
200. This is probably Mrs. Schweiger, née Unselt. See entry for 7 Nov.
201. More Pietism.
202. John 4:46 ff.
203. No doubt at Mary Musgrove’s cowpen. The Pietists did not approve of dancing.
204. Probably the Holzer girl.
205. Windhausen, in Hanover, was von Reck’s home.
206. See note 173.
207. “I have no pleasure in the death of the wicked.” Ezekiel 33:11.
208. More Pietist propaganda.
209. Sey fröhlich im Herren, du heilige Seele. Hymn by J. E. Schmidt.
210. Ich will dich lieben, meine Stärcke. Hymn by Johannes Scheffler.
211. Friedrich Eberhard Collin, Das Gewaltige Eindringen ins Reich gottes (Frankfurt/Main, 1722).
212. Savannah-Town.
213. To Jörg Schweiger. See entry for 30 Oct., also George Fenwick Jones, ed., Detailed Reports on the Salzburger Emigrants … (Athens, Ga., 1969), 143.
214. No doubt as given in his Ordnung des Heils, Nebst einem Verzeichnis der wichtigsten Kern-Sprüche, etc. Halle 1724.
215. Prof. Francke. See entry for 3 Nov.
216. At this point the letterbooks include the marginal note: “The portion of the diary from 1 Aug. to 14 Nov, 1737, is still missing and probably was lost at sea.” See note 149.
217. Chivelle. See note 21.
218. The German people at Purysburg were either German Swiss, and therefore mostly Zwinglianer, or else Palatines, who were largely reformed. Language was, however, a stronger bond than confession, at least within the Protestant persuasion.
219. Romans 4:25.
220. Matthew 25:1-12.
221. Anfang Christlichen Lebens.
222. By “French” Boltzius meant French-speaking Swiss. Quite a few of these Swiss, mostly from Neuchâtel, left descendants who believe themselves to be of Huguenot ancestry.
223. Another illustration of Boltzius’ fear of “natural honesty.”
224. Acorns for the hogs. The Salzburgers discovered the Red Bluff while gathering acorns. See Jones, ed., Detailed Reports, II, 191 in note 212, and entry for 30 Nov., below.
225. Fahre fort Zion, fahre fort im Licht. Hymn by J. E. Schmidt.
226. John 11:4.
227. “Mein Beten ist voll zweiflender Gedancken, wenn gleich Dein Wort und Trost erschallt, so ist und bleibt mein Glaube doch voll Wancken, mein Hertze scheinet todt und kalt, und ist so voll Angst und Zagen, und ganz in sich selbst verwirrt, ich kan kaum mich selbst vertragen, so gar ist mein Sinn verirrt.” Unidentified hymn.
228. Exodus 33:19.
229. Matthew 18:11.
230. Acts 14:22.
231. Johann Ulrich Giessendanner, who opposed the policies of Dobler and Zuber-bühler, broke away from the main party, which went to Savannah-Town, and founded a settlement at Orangeburg. See Cordle, 86, in note 51.
232. Boltzius means Orangeburg in South Carolina.
233. After being ordained in London, Bartholmäus Zouberbuhler tried to arrogate Giessendanner’s position, but the latter’s congregation stood by him. Here we see an early example of the frontier tendency to prefer a plain man of the people, even if uneducated and unorthodox, over the polished and theologically qualified ministers of the coastal regions.
234. The first of the seven parts of a sermon, which serves to catch the hearer’s attention.
235. See notes 231-233 above.
236. This name had to be corrected both here and in the entry for 19 Dec.
237. These are the two unnamed brothers of David Züblin.
238. See note 56.
239. Georg Bartholomäus Rott (Roth), a Bavarian distiller, had been banished from Ebenezer for bad behavior and died soon afterwards.
240. Both Matthew 18:11 and Luke 19:10.
241. Wesley did not depart secretly. He had announced his intention to depart and denied Causton’s authority to detain him. Causton gave orders for his arrest but took no steps to enforce the order. Thus it appears that Causton hoped that he would leave under a cloud of suspicion. See Martin Schmidt (Norman P. Goldhawk, trans.), John Wesley, (New York, 1962), I, 205-207.
242. Causton and Williamson, Sophie’s husband, claimed that Wesley had repelled her out of pique because she had jilted him. Actually, at the advice of the Herrnhuters Wesley had decided to remain celibate.
243. This is the oldest and propertied brother.
244. It is strange that Boltzius never identifies these brothers, whose names were Ambrosius and Johann Jacob.
245. See note 221.
246. The first of these verses is in Philippians 4:5-6. The second is not.
247. Bruckner. See entry for 30 Dec.
248. These are more illustrations of the Pietist fear of “natural honesty.”
249. See note 248, above.
250. Reck. See note 77.
251. See note 248, above.
252. Mrs. Ernst was a convert from Catholicism.
253. 2 Corinthians 8:9.
254. Genesis 32:6.
255. Jeremiah 31:20.
256. The Rhenish Palatinate, the region extending from Heidelberg to the French border, often devastated by Louis XIV. So many immigrants came from there that the term “Palatine” was applied to all German indentured servants, regardless of from what area they actually came.
257. Since the Reformation, the established church of the Palatinate had fluctuated between Lutheranism and Calvinism.
258. Boltzius uses the word Stösse, which could mean either gusts of wind or impacts against the bar.
259. See entry for 20 Dec.
260. See note 173.
261. Boltzius does not explain what he means by “time change.” (Zeitwechsel).