Notes for the Years 1759 & 1760 
JANUARY 1759
1. Schätze alter Schätze, o Jesus, liebster Schatz / an dem ich mich ergötze; hier hab ich einen Platz in meinem treuen Herzen dir, Schönster, zugetheilt, weil du mit deinem Schmerzen mir meinen Schmerz geheilt.
2. Eröfne dich, meins Herzensschrein, du solt ein Schatzhaus werden, der Schätze, die viel grösser seyn als Himmel, Meer und Erden. Weg mit dem Gold Arabia, weg calmus, myrrhen, casia, ich hab ein bessers funden. Mein grosser Schatz, Herr Jesu Christ ist dieses, was geflossen ist aus deines Leibes Wunden…. Wie bin ich doch so herzlich froh, dass mein Schatz ist das A und O, der Anfang und das Ende! er wird mich doch zu seinem Preis aufnehmen in das Paradeis. Des klopf ich in die Hände. Amen, Amen, komm du schöne Freudencrone, bleib nicht lange, deiner wart ich mit verlangen. From a hymn.
3. Boltzius does not state what thermometric system he is using. It is probably the Basel thermometer, which he mentions later. See p. 295 n 14.
4. Johann Anastasius Freylinghausen, Ordnung des Heils, Nebst einem Verzeichnis der wichtigsten Kern-Sprüche. Halle: Waysenhaus, many printings.
5. This is not a standard Greek word.
6. Welche ich lieb habe / die straffe und züchtige ich: so sey nun fleissig, und thue Busse. Unidentified. Cf. Proverbs 3:2.
7. See note 3 above.
8. The German word Person, although feminine, can refer to a man, but here and elsewhere it probably refers to a woman.
9. Ey, nimm ihn heut mit Freuden an, bereite ihm die Hezensbahn, auf dass er komm in dein Gemüth, und du geniessest seiner Gut. Wo du dis thust, so ist er dein, bewahret dich von der Höllenpein; wo nicht, so sieh dich eben fur, denn er schleusst zu des Himmelthür. From a hymn.
10. Meister, lass dein Werk nicht liegen, hilf uns beten, wachen, siegen, bis wir stehn vor deinem Thron. From a hymn.
11. The word Epilepsie denoted any paroxism, regardless of cause.
12. 1 Samuel 2:21. The King James version differs greatly.
13. Town in Brandenburg.
14. August Hermann Francke, Lehre vom Anfang Christlichen Glaubens. Halle 1696 ff.
15. John 3:16.
16. Meditation of the pastor Mr. [James] Harvey, unidentified.
17. This was Johann Heinrich Greve of Celle in Hanover, the father of Caroline Magdalene, the widow of Johann Christoph Bornemann. Boltzius often confuses the name Greve with that of Samuel Graves, an Englishman in Bethany.
18. Caroline Magdalene Bornemann married Johann Caspar Greiner on Feb. 7, 1758, in Halifax. The plantation was named New Goettingen in honor of Bornemann’s home town, Göttingen.
20. The Jerusalem Church records give Elisabeth Rottenberger’s birth as Jan. 16, 1759.
21. Ludwig Hartmann’s Pastorale Evangelicum. Nürnberg 1697.
22. Der treue Hirt jetzt kommt vor dich, und träget mich, das Schaaf, auf seinem Rücken; das Schaaf, das ganz verirret war, gieng mit Gefahr, es war in Satans Stricken; das hat er bracht aus eigner Macht, wie du begehrt, zu deiner Heerd, zur Heerde der Gerechten.
23. Like the Latin word sensus, the word Sinn had many meanings, including idea, meaning, intention, purpose, etc.
24. The Ebenezer Record Book (p. 111) states that Johann Michael Hirsch died on Jan. 24-25, 1759, and (p. 89) that Regina Barbara Hirsch married Johann Christoph Hirsch on Aug. 15, 1759.
25. See note 4 above.
FEBRUARY 1759
1. See p. 293 n 17.
2. Luisa Margaretha Greve, née Schwichhofer, died on Oct. 10, 1756. Anna Catharina Greve, née Heinrich, died on Nov. 21, 1957.
3. Henriette was buried on Sept. 25, 1756.
4. Johann Christoph Bornemann of Göttingen in Hannover established a plantation on the Savannah River near Briar Creek that he named New Goettingen.
5. Boltzius should have said “widow.” She was Caroline Magdalene, née Greve, who married Johann Caspar Greiner II in 1758.
6. Andreas Greiner married Barbara Hirschmann on July 16, 1756.
7. Johann Joachim Zubly named his plantation St. Gall in honor of his native city in Switzerland.
8. The Bethesda Orphanage just south of Savannah.
9. The belief in predestination.
10. Popular English theologian and author.
11. Psalms 74:12.
12. Carl Heinrich von Bogatzky, Tägliches Hausbuch der Kinder Gottes. Halle: Waysenhaus 1749.
13. Carl Heinrich von Bogatzky, Güldenes Schatz-Kästlein der Kinder Gottes. Halle: Weisenhaus 1753.
14. Friedrich Michael Ziegenhagen, Kurze Erklärung des Gebeths des Herrn. Halle / London 1750.
15. Psalms 124:8.
16. An ailment often mentioned but never well described.
17. Psalms 25:8.
18. Matthew 11:28.
19. “Great man and man of God.”
20. The word Feind (enemy) was commonly used of the devil.
21. Vortheilen zum Wachsthum in dem angefangenen Christenthum. Unidentified.
22. Ambrosius Wirth, Beicht und Abendmahlbüchlein nach dem Zehngebot.
23. O wie freu ich mich, dass ich kenne dich, der du bist mein Heil und Leben, der du dich für mich gegeben, der du liebest mich! So erkenn ich dich.
24. Er lässt die Seele nicht, er hat sie viel zu lieb.
25. In der Wernigerodischen Sammlung neuer Lieder. The Wernigerode hymnal.
26. Johann Georg Albinus, hymnist.
27. Basel thermometer. See p. 293 n 3.
28. Inexpensive Bibles published by the Pietist benefactor Karl Hildebrand, baron of Canstein.
29. See p. 293 n 14.
30. Johann Gottlieb Schneider.
31. Boltzius means the wheat, rye, barley, and oats, which he usually calls “European grains.”
32. Boltzius’ son, Gotthilf Israel, was studying in Halle.
33. See p. 294 n 13.
MARCH 1759
1. Boltzius seems to mean that the high river water is backing up in streams like Ebenezer Creek.
2. Boltzius has resigned himself to the fact that the silk will be spun, and the greater profits made, in Savannah.
3. Psalms 37:5.
4. The Luther version differs somewhat.
5. Du thust was du beschleusst; und was unmöglich heisst, ist das Geringste deiner Werke. From a hymn.
6. Und ob es währt bis in die Nacht und wieder an den Morgen / soll doch mein Herz an Gottes Macht verzweifeln nicht noch sorgen. From a hymn.
7. Surely Chrétien von Münch.
8. See p. 294 n 14.
9. Usually written Alther. She was the former Amalia Schiermeister, servant to Boltzius.
10. “From her properties.” She was the widow of the wealthy Swiss butcher, Johann Alther, of Purysburg. She had previously been the Boltzius’ servant.
11. See p. 295 n 22.
12. The relative locations of most of these towns may be found in George F. Jones, The Georgia Dutch, Athens, Ga., 1992, p. 141.
13. See p. 294 n 13.
14. Immer stiller! immer stiller! lass, O stilles Lamm mich seyn; still im Leiden, still in Freuden, immer in die Still hinein. Wenig Wort und viele Kraft, und ein still und sanftes Wesen, mehr im Wandel als im Wort, sey zu meinem Schmuck erlesen. From a hymn.
15. Komm, o mein Heyland Jesu Christ! mein’s Herzens Haus etc. From a hymn.
APRIL 1759
1. She was named Margaretha.
2. Isaiah 40:29.
3. Ecclesiasticus is in the Apocrypha, but not in the King James version.
4. 2 Corinthians 4:7.
5. 1 Corinthians 4:9.
6. Joel 2:21.
7. Hebrews 13:5-6.
8. Psalms 68:20. This is from Luther, the King James version (68:19) differs greatly.
9. Psalms 126:3.
10. Es ist ja abgemessen die Last, die uns soll pressen, es sey gross oder klein. Was aber nicht zu tragen, darf sich nicht an uns wagen, und solts auch nur ein Quentlein seyn. From a hymn.
11. Du leitest mich nach deinem Rath, der anders nichts beschlossen hat, als was mir Segen bringet. Geht’s gleich zu Zeiten wunderlich; so weiss ich dennoch, dass durch dich der Ausgang wohl gelinget. Nach harter Zeit auf rauher Bahn nimmst du mich dort mit Ehren an. From a hymn.
12. This was a common use of “another.” Boltzius means “another person, a noble, esteemed benefactress.”
13. See note above.
14. Medications made by Christian Friedrich Richter, professor at Halle.
15. They were named Johann Gottlieb and Samuel.
16. A concentrated form of essentia dulcis, a favorite panacea that owed its effectiveness to gold dust.
17. “Dearth in the house and short supplies.”
18. Es ist vollbracht! Vergiss ja nicht, mein Herz, dis Wort, das Jesus spricht, da er am Creutze für dich stirbet, und dir die Seligkeit erwirbet, da er, der alies wohl gemacht, nun-mehro spricht: es ist vollbracht.
19. General-Fiscal.
20. A popular English theologian and author.
21. The offical name of the SPCK.
22. Isaiah 65:8.
23. Wenn der Winter ausgeschneyet, tritt der schöne Sommer ein; also wird auch nach der Pein (wers erwarten kan, NB) erfreuet. Alles Ding währt seine Zeit; Gottes Lieb in Ewigkeit. From a hymn.
MAY 1759
1. “Not many, but much.”
2. These were the family of Benjamin Sheftal.
3. A missionary society concerned largely with the British colonies.
4. Their patois, called Gullah, has persisted to the present on the coastal islands.
5. Matthew 24:42.
6. Pastor and missionary to the Jews.
7. On the night of April 28-29. He was named Emmanuel.
8. Named Albrecht Ludwig.
9. See note 14 above.
10. Johann Anastasias Freylinghausen, Geistreiches Gesang-Buch. Halle 1704 ff. For Order of Salvation, see p. 293 n 4. The A.B.C. Büchlein was a popular manual published by Pastor Sommer of Schortewitz for the religious instruction of children. Verse register was to Justinus Töllner, Biblisches Spruch-Buch. . . . Halle: Waisenhaus 1709.
11. The “clay-eating” was not the cause, but a symptom of hookworm disease.
12. Christi Blut und Gerechtigkeit, das ist mein Schmuck und Ehrenkleid; damit will ich vor Gott bestehen, wenn ich in Himmel wird eingehen. From a hymn.
13. Zum Himmel eingehen. Her meaning is not clear.
14. See p. 293 n 14.
15. Johann Rudolph Brehm, Gnaden und Heilsschätze. Unidentified. See note 20 below.
16. Bishop Peter Hersleb, Danish theologian who published in Danish and German. Urlsperger’s penitential sermon, unidentified.
17. Der Königlichen Dänischen Missionarien aus Ost-Indien eingesandte Ausfühliche Berichte. Halle 1735 ff. The reports submitted by the Halle missionaries in India.
18. The N.N. mentioned in the three previous paragraphs.
19. 2 Timothy 3:12.
20. Brehms schönen Extract aus des seligen Porsts Göttlicher Führung der Seelen (See note 15 above). August Hermann Francke, Lehre vom Anfang Christlichen Glaubens. Halle: 1696.
21. See p. 293 n 4.
22. Canton in southwestern Switzerland, called Valais in French and English.
23. Ft. Loudoun.
24. John 12:32; Exodus 10:26.
25. Herrn Brehms Gnaden-und Heilsschätze, see note 15 above.
26. They were Johann Lohrmann and Susanna Humbart.
27. Da werden wir mit Freuden den Heyland schauen, / Der durch sein Blut und Leiden den Himmel aufgethan, / Die lieben Patriarchen, Propheten allzumal / Du Martyrer und Apostei mit ihm in grosser Zahl. From a hymn.
JUNE 1759 (BOLTZIUS)
1. Ach Gott, sprich ja zu meinen Thaten, hilf selbst das beste rathen, den Anfang, Mittel und Ende, o Herr zum besten wende. Mit Segen mich beschutte, mein Herz sey deine Hütte, dein Wort sey meine Speise, dass ich gen Himmel reise. From the hymn Wach auf mein Herz, by Paul Gerhardt.
2. Wenn mirgleich Leib und Seel verschmacht. From a hymn.
3. John 12:32.
4. Psalms 94:19.
5. Although Christian Ernst Thilo was the official physician at Ebenezer, the surgeon Johann Ludwig Mayer enjoyed the larger practice.
6. These “Virginians” were the lawless backwoodsmen who were squatting along the southern frontier.
7. This would appear to be Thomas Brown, later a notorious Loyalist colonel at Augusta.
8. For de Brahm’s experience at Ft. Loudoun, see Louis De Vorsey, Jr., De Brahm’s Report of the General Survey in the Southeastern District of North America. Columbia, S.C. 1967.
9. England was fighting France in the Seven Years’ War.
10. Language, not nationality, was then the chief criterion. All German-speakers were Germans and all English-speakers were English, even if they considered themselves Welsh, Irish, or Scottish.
11. The pastors and Surgeon Meyer served as justices of the peace.
12. August Hemann Francke, Timotheus zum Fürbilde allen Theologiae Studiosis dargestellt. Halle 1695.
13. Boltzius usually calls the older Kieffer “Master,” perhaps because of his shipbuilding. The son was usually called “Captain,” as well as “Master.” In this case it is the son.
14. Next to Schauer’s balm, the essentia dulcis was the most popular pancea in Ebenezer.
15. Boltzius (or the type setter) has written the name as Preachtle.
16. Boltzius uses the word Elend in the Pietistic sense of “sin,” the word Elend having originally meant alienation or exile, in this case alienation from God.
17. Boltzius uses the word Base (cousin), although the girl was Mrs. Boltzius’ niece, being the daughter of her sister Catherina, widow of Gronau and wife of Lemke.
18. This would have to be the child of Captain Kieffer’s wife, Master Kieffer, Senior’s, wife being too old.
19. Ich kriech, Erlöser, dir zu Füssen: Es ist noch Raum in deinen Wunden. From the hymn Wie lange schlagt ihr mich. See Appendix.
20. For the Pietists, unwissend (ignorant) meant not well versed in the ways of the Pietists.
21. Boltzius had maintained a cordial correspondence with Heinrich Melchior Mühlenberg since the latter’s brief stop-over at Ebenezer in 1742.
22. So führst du doch recht selig, Herr, die deinen, zwar selig und doch meistens wunderlich. The beginning of a hymn by Gottfried Arnold.
23. Allusion to Psalms 119:92.
24. Psalms 37:5; Befiehl du aber deine Wege, hymn by Paul Gerhardt.
25. Matthew 25:46.
26. Was ich verdient, muss Jesus büssen, was er verdient, soll ich geniessen. From a hymn.
27. Christian Friedrich Richter, Erbauliche Betrachtungen vom Ursprung und Adel der Seelen, Halle 1718.
28. Aufsatz von dem gesegneten Wege des Creutzes. Unidentified.
29. Like the French Lycée, the German Gymnasium was a preparatory school for the university.
30. There was surely an error, perhaps typographical, in this estimate.
31. Johann Arnd (or Arndt), Vier Bucher vom Wahren Christenthum. Halle 1731.
32. Sirach is found in Luther’s Bible but not in the King James Bible.
33. Psalms 81:10.
34. Wenn du verlangst ein Tröpflein, so sollen Ströhme sich ergiessen. Es soll noch als ein volles Meer von Gnadenwasser überfliessen, dein ausgeleertes Hertz. From a hymn.
35. Psalms 81:11.
36. Tobit 4:22. Tobit is found in the Apocrypha but not in the King James Bible.
37. Psalms 128:1-2.
38. Isaiah 1:9.
39. Psalms 68:18-20. The Luther Bible and the King James differ here.
40. Matthew 25:40.
41. Pastor Sommer’s guter Rath fur diejenigen, die sich beklagen, dass sie unschuldig leyden müssen. Unidentified. See p. 297 n 10.
JULY 1759 (BOLTZIUS)
1. Psalms 42:5.
2. Isaiah 49:10.
3. Lass dich nichts zur Freude bringen, ehe dich dein Gott erfreut. Soll ich keinen Trost erblicken, will ich mich damit erquicken, dass ich meines Jesu sey. From a hymn.
4. 1 Peter 5:6-7.
5. Isaiah 49:10.
6. Was ich gelebet hab, das decke zu: was ich noch leben soil, regiere du. From a hymn.
7. Psalms 68:21. The King James version differs considerably.
8. “Daily matters become of no value.”
9. Boltzius’ teachers at Halle.
10. Collegia ascetica biblica. Unidentified.
11. This is one of the few hints that Mrs. Boltzius was running a lively cottage industry in silk.
12. Romans 8:34.
13. Jeremiah 3:12-13.
14. De Brahm’s plan of Ebenezer is reproduced in George F. Jones, Salzburger Saga. Athens, Ga. 1984, fig. 17. His plan of the plantations is reproduced in De-Vorsey, p. 142. (See p. 297 n 8).
15. Fremde Sünden or peccata aliena were the sins of encouraging or not preventing sins by others.
16. Closter-Bergische Sammlung Nützlicher Materien zur Erbauung im Wahren Christenthum. Magdeburg und Leipzig, 1745.
17. As Governor Reynolds had observed, Ottolenghe was trying to monopolize the silk industry in Georgia.
18. For the Pietists Elend (misery) had much of its original meaning of exile, in this case, alienation from God.
19. See p. 297 n 17.
20. It is unclear what official Boltzius has in mind when he writes Commissarius.
21. Luke 1:38.
22. The Rangers, which Oglethorpe established to guard against the Spanish and Indian borders, recruited many Germans. The tailor was Johann Scheraus.
23. See p. 294 n 13.
JUNE 1759 (RABENHORST)
1. Following Luther (and the Roman Catholic Church), Rabenhorst numbers the commandment against stealing number seven. In this translation the English numbering is used. These people were guilty of theft, not adultery.
2. Aus dem Gesetz kommt Erkenntnis der Sünden, Romans 3:20.
3. The “eldest colleague” always refers to Boltzius.
4. Abercorn Island, across Abercorn Creek from Ebenezer.
5. This was Maria Catharina Bechtle, daughter of Johann Georg and Eva Barbara Bechtle. She died five years later.
6. Ambrosius Wirth, Beicht- und Abendmahlbüchlein nach dem Zehngebot.
7. Allusion to the title of this report, Ackerwerck Gottes. See introduction, p. x.
8. Heinrich Melchior Mühlenberg had visited Ebenezer in 1742 on his way from Europe to Pennsylvania.
9. When people sent friends Bible verses for their meditation, they needed to send only the reference, since everyone had scripture on hand.
10. See p. 294 n 13.
JULY 1759 (RABENHORST)
1. Johann Arnd, Paradies-Gärtlein. A popular Pietist work by the author of Wahres Christenthum.
2. Allusion to parable about the sower who went forth to sow (Matthew 13:3).
3. Rabenhorst uses the word Förl, by which he probably means longleaf pine. The German pine is insignificant in comparison with the Georgia longleaf, now an endangered species.
4. Mod. This word is not found in Grimm’s Deutsches Wörterbuch.
5. This was Henry Ellis, John Reynolds having been recently dismissed.
6. Ottolenghe had been denigrating the Salzburgers’ silk so as to keep his monopoly in Savannah.
7. Before marrying the Swiss Johann Altherr of Purysburg and Savannah, Amalia Schiermeister had been a servant in Ebenezer.
8. The word Epilepsie designated any paroxism, regardless of its cause.
9. Gottes Brünnlein hat Wassers die Fülle. (Psalms 65:10). The King James version differs greatly.
10. Philipp Jacob Spener (1635-1705), founder of Pietism.
AUGUST 1759
1. Eigene Gerechtigkeit was the sin of trying to achieve salvation on one’s own merits rather than through the merits of Jesus.
2. All the pastors used the word “another” in this peculiar way. In this case it means “another person, a man.” For Lydia, see Acts 9:32.
3. Selbst Rechtfertigung, like eigene Gerechtigkeit, was the vain attempt to achieve salvation through one’s own merits, rather than to crawl into the wounds of Jesus.
4. This unidentified saddler may have been Friedrich Holtzendorf, the only saddler of any prominence in Georgia.
SEPTEMBER 1759
1. Anna Catharina Rau was married to Johann Georg Ziegler.
2. This Mrs. Greiner must have been a second wife of Johann Caspar Greiner, whose first wife was Caroline Magdalene, née Greve, widow of Johann Christoph Bormemann.
3. Rabenhorst had crossed the ocean with the third Swabian transport.
4. Boltzius and Gronau had been ordained at Wernigerode on their way from Halle to Georgia.
OCTOBER 1759
1. Whereas Ebenezer had two churches, Savannah still had to do with the court house.
2. Surely Georg Lange, who received a grant in 1752.
3. This was probably Jacob Kurz of Vernonburg, who became a Ranger the following year.
4. Urban Buntz, Swabian with the third Swabian transport.
5. Hilf, dass wir von der Sünde ablassen und fromm zu werden fangen an. From the hymn Das alte Jahr vergangen ist, by Johann Steurlein.
6. Allusion to Zacharias and Elizabeth (Luke 1:6).
NOVEMBER 1759
1. Rabenhorst had married the widow of the merchant David Kraft, who had come from Ravensburg.
DECEMBER 1759-JANUARY 1760
1. In Nomine Jesu, Amen. In the Name of Jesus, Amen.
2. Boltzius is not including himself among the gute Seelen. See p. 300 n 2.
3. The word Threne is Greek for Lamentations.
4. Boltzius must mean Matthew 9:17, which refers to putting new wine in old bottles.
5. Johann Tobler of New Windsor had been governor of Appenzell ausser Rhoden before being exiled to America.
6. Then studying in Halle.
7. die sie lieben could mean either “who love them” or “whom they love.”
8. Da Schwinge nun mein Geist, dich hin, den Namen selbst zu lesen, da ich dort aufgezeichnet bin schon lang, eh ich gewesen.
9. Johann Melchior Götze, Heilsame Betrachtungen des Todes und der Ewigkeit auf alle Tage des Jahres. Breslau 1767.
10. Margaretha Schweighofer was actually seventy-seven, for she died in 1766 at the age of eighty-three.
11. See p. 293 n 4.
12. See p. 298 n 31; p. 300 n 1.
13. Ziegenhagen’s Meditation has a long baroque title.
14. It was customary at the time to translate or nationalize even surnames.
15. German translation: John Leland, Abriss der deistischen Schriften. Hannover 1754-56.;
16. Paraphrased from Psalms 118:18.
17. Psalms 68:20. The King James Bible differs greatly.
FEBRUARY 1760
1. The convoy was necessary because England and France were on opposite sides in the Seven Years War.
2. The German translation of the title is Köstlicher Honigtropfen aus dem Felsen Christo.
3. August Hermann Francke, Unterricht von der Möglichkeit der wahren Bekehrung zu Gott.
4. This was Lucas Ziegler. There being no ship manifest for the third Swabian transport, it is often difficult to identify its members.
5. For Ft. Loudoun, see p. 297 n 8.
6. Allusion to 1 Corinthians 10:13.
7. Boltzius still seems to think that the top of the skull was taken along with the scalp.
8. “Curing and preserving.”
9. Es steht Gott auf, dass seine Feinde. Boltzius has not cited this previously.
10. The King James Bible is entirely different.
11. False security trusting in self or other men.
12. In the King James version it is Psalms 8:2. This sentence, consisting of some sixteen lines in the original, is typical of Boltzius’ sermonizing style.
13. Allusion to the hymn Gott wills machen, dass die Sachen.
14. Gottes Hände sind ohn Ende, sein Vermögen hat kein Ziel. Ists beschwerlich, scheints gefährlich, deinem Gott ist nichts zu viel. From a hymn.
15. This means that he recommends it. He is not sending a copy. See p. 300 n 9.
16. Allusion to Judges 7:13-25.
17. The Book of Judith is found in the Apocrypha but not in the King James Bible.
18. Either the rumor must have been false or else Boltzius misunderstood it, for it was surely in Savannah Town, not Savannah, that the people were so frightened.
19. The “Irishmen” may have been Scotch Irish, who were then migrating southward from Pennsylvania, but they may have included Highlanders, whose language was then called “Irish.”
20. Maria Kalcher married Martin Rheinländer in 1758.
21. Pastor Sommer’s Centifoliis. Unidentified. See p. 297 n 10 and p. 298 n 41.
22. See p. 294 n 13.
23. Ursula Birk (also written Birck and Buerck) was the wife of Christian. Their daughter’s name was Maria.
24. Psalms 102:17.
25. Surely Peter Hammer.
26. Gott ist ja kein Bär noch Löwe, der sich nur nach Blute sehnt; sein Herz ist zu lauter Treue und zur Sanftmuth angewöhnt. Gott hat einen Vater Sinn; unser Jammer jammert ihn, etc. From a song.
27. Psalms 8:2.
28. den sehr wohl eingerichteten Conspectum der vornehmsten christlichen Glaubens-Artikul mit denen beygefügten Beweisssprüchen. It is not always possible to determine whether Boltzius is giving a title or merely describing a work.
29. See p. 300 n 1.
30. Johann Georg Hoffmann, Erklärung des kleinen Catechismus Lutheri nach allen Hauptstücken. Waysenhaus 1757.
31. Carl Heinrich von Bogatzky, Christliche Hausschule. Halle: Weisenhaus 1755.
32. Was ich gelebet hab, deck in Gnaden zu; Was ich noch leben soil, wirk und regiere Du. From a hymn.
MARCH 1760
1. Andern Kindern zu ihrem mercklichen Zunehmen.
2. This is Psalms 64:9-10 in the Luther version, which differs from the King James version.
3. Allusion to Ephesians 3:20.
4. Johann Ludwig Weidmann, husband of Anna Eva.
5. Johann Friedrich Lackner.
6. Boltzius consistently writes the name as Reuter, but most records give the name as Reiter.
7. For Pastor Sommer’s A.B.C. Book, see p. 297 n 10; for Order of Salvation, see p. 293 n 4.
8. The word begehet must be a typographical error.
9. Johann August Urlsperger did not publish Rabenhorst’s diary for March 1760 but seems to have used Boltzius’ informal one as he did for the two previous months.
10. O das ich dich so spat erkennet, unidentified.
11. “In the Name of Jesus, Amen.”
12. This is the first time that Boltzius clearly admits his wife’s silk business.
13. in seinem Davidish=Salomonischen Licht. Unidentified.
14. In the King James version this is Psalms 36:7.
15. This is the first time that Boltzius has indicated that he had composed his own Treasure Chest.
16. Nun so fahre fort und segne, Herr, Herr, deines Dieners Haus, geuss doch deine Fülle aus, und mit Liebes-Ströhmen regne.
17. Boltzius is referring to Gotthilf August Francke of Halle and Samuel Urlsperger of Augsburg, who together with Friedrich Michael Ziegenhagen of London, were the “Reverend Fathers” of the Georgia Salzburgers.
18. Ihnen could be third person (they) but the capitalization suggests that Boltzius is addressing his benefactors directly.
19. Des seligen Herrn Prof. Franken Predigtbüchern and des Herrn Frankens Busspredigten refer to August Hermann Francke, perhaps the most prolific of the Halle Pietists. His Buss-Predigten. Darin aus verschiedenen Texten H. Schrift deutlich gezeichnet wird was published at Halle in 1706. The Postillen des seligen Herrn P. Riegers, not identified.
20. Ich bin der allmächtige allgenugsame Gott. Unidentified.
21. The text reads Weight.
22. August Hermann Francke, Collegiium Pastorale. Halle: Weisenhaus 1741.
23. Stephan Praetorius, Geistliche Schatzkammer. Lüneburg 1699.
24. The German translation bears the title Wecker der Lehrer, oder Reinigung der Kinder Levi.
25. Matthew 25:21.
26. Psalms 77:11. The King James version differs greatly.
27. General Superintendent Johann Ludwig Lindhammer, Commentarium, Unidentified.
28. Luke 13:24.
29. Allusion to Ephesians 3:20.
30. In dem sogenannten Augsburgischen wohleingerichteten Schulbüchlein, unidentified.
31. This passage does not appear applicable. It should probably be Psalms 18:3.
32. kurzgefasste Passions-Geschichte der Marterwoche.
33. Kommt, ihr betrübten, “Kommt her, ihr Armen.”
34. Thut auf die Herzen zur seligen Freude. See Appendix p. 291.
35. Jeremiah 31:2. The King James version differs greatly.
36. welche erbauliche Bennenung der Christen Sterben in Gottes Wort habe. Not clear.
37. Johann Georg Walch, Einleitung in die Religionsstreitigkeiten in und ausser der Lutherischen Kirche.
38. A town in Silesia.
39. See note 24 above.
40. “If a lesson when read pleases, it will please when repeated ten times.”
41. Christian Thilo, the doctor.
APRIL 1760
1. This name may be in error, since it does not appear elsewhere in the records.
2. Lieutenant Governor William Bull.
3. John 11:3.
4. Romans 8:28.
5. John 11:4.
6. See p. 294 n 13.
7. Agenda Ecclesiastica, Oder: Formen der Handlung der H. Sacramenten … Augsburg 1718.
8. The mouth of the Savannah river is further south than Ebenezer or Savannah. The quarantine was on Lazaretto Island.
9. Acton was entirely German speaking, but occupied mostly by Swiss.
10. The name is given as Hanrietta.
11. “Swift enough, if done well enough.”
12. Gott will’s machen, dass die Sachen is an allusion to the hymn beginning thus.
13. Boltzius was well aware that this provision was unfair to the people of Ebenezer, since the major profit in silk culture came from the spinning.
14. Sicherheit meant false assurance of salvation.
15. Previously the Salzburgers and others had received their land based on maps, with no regard to its quality. As a result, some received cypress swamps and some received pine barrens.
16. Allusion to Matthew 5:5.
17. Was sind diese Erdengüter? eine Hand voller Sand, Kummer der Gemüther. dort, dort sind die edlen Gaben, da mein Hirt Jesus wird mich laben . . . From a hymn or a poem.
18. Ephrata and Bethlehem were also the names of German religious settlements in Pennsylvania. Huntington was named for Selina, Countess of Huntingdon, a patroness of Bethesda.
19. This engraving of Tomochichi and his nephew serves as the fontispiece to Vol. Six of the Detailed Reports.
20. These were the unfortunate Arcadians expelled by the British.
MAY 1760
1. My barely legible copy seems to say the 126th Psalm, but this does not appear appropriate. The quotation is from Psalms 2:12.
2. Margaretha, first wife of Johann Adam Treutlen.
3. An allusion to Hebrews 13:5.
4. Tobit 4:22. Tobit is found in the Apocrypha and Luther but not in the King James version.
5. Lamentations 3:22.
6. Gott ist Herr in seinem Haus, wie er will, so theilt er aus. Alles kommt, mein Gott, von dir. From a hymn.
7. Warum solt ich mich denn grämen? hab ich doch Christum noch, wer will mir den nehmen? See list of hymns in Appendix, p. 291.
8. Peter Hammer of Chemnitz in Saxony.
9. In Pietistic parlance “ignorant” (unwissend) meant not well instructed in Pietistic dogma, and “honest” (ehrlich) meant willing to learn.
10. The word Haushalt (household) is the entire family economy, including house, farm, and all domestic activities.
11. Herr wende unser Gefängniss, wie du die Wasser gegen Mittag trocknet. Psalms 126:4.
12. This was Anna Rosina Hammer, wife of Peter Hammer of Chemnitz in Saxony.
13. Probably Ludwig Weitmann or Waidmann.
14. From Schwarzburg, town near Saalfeld in East Germany.
15. Peter Hammer.
16. This Reformed minister has not been identified. Possibly the new Pastor Abraham Immer?
17. I.e., recognition of Pietist dogma.
18. An ailment often mentioned but never identified.
19. Anfechtungen were the temptation to doubt that Christ, through His merits, can save poor sinners like us.
20. Boltzius uses the word Kindschaft, which appears to be a legal term.
21. This reference hardly seems pertinent.
22. Psalms 10:17.
23. Psalms 38:9.
24. Probably the same as Ich bin der Herr, dein Arzt (Exodus 15:26).
25. John 16:27.
26. Vest, fein vest, dich angehalten an die starke Jesus Treu, etc. From the hymn Auf hinauf. See Appendix, p. 287. Ein hinnen in Gottes Kammer, die dir Jesus aufgethan; klag ihm deinen Jammer, etc. Unidentified.
27. Hymn by Johann Georg Albinus.
28. Romans 14:8.
29. Dieweil ich lebe bin ich dein; im Tod kan ich kein Fremder seyn. From a hymn.
30. See p. 294 n 14.
31. Glaub nur veste das das beste über dir beschlossen sey. From the hymn Gott wills machen. See Appendix, p. 288.
32. Bleichsucht, chlorosis or green sickness.
33. Boltzius used the forms Reinländer and Rheinländer, whereas the family itself, and most of their presentday descendants, used the Swiss form Rhylander.
34. Rothe Friesel and weisse Friesel are often mentioned but never described adequately. They are sometimes called “military disease.”
35. Pastor Sommer in his A.B.C. Book. See next paragraph and p. 297 n 10.
36. Not to be confused with Bogatzky’s Schatz-Kästlein. See p. 294 n 13.
37. See p. 293 n 4.
38. Not to be confused with Bogatzky’s Schatz-Kästlein. See p. 294 n 13.
39. Allenthalben ist Gefahr, drum nim deine Seeln wahr, from a hymn. Sirach is in the Luther translation, but not in the King James.
40. The name appears mostly as Garbut and Garbet.
41. 2 Timothy 2:19.
42. See pp. 119, 302 n 2.
43. Stephan Prätorius, Geistliche Schatzkammer der Gläubigen. Lüneburg, 1695.
44. Ein Töpfer ist vergnügt, wenn er sein Handwerk treibet, dass der gelinde Thon nur immer stille hält: darum, mein Schöpfer, dir mein Herze stille bleibet; mach ohne meine Kraft aus mir, was dir gefällt; ja wirke selbst in mir die dir beliebte Stille, etc. From a hymn.
45. Sey vergnügt mit deinem Gott; hast du Gott, so hats nicht Noth. Meine Sel ist stille zu Gott, dessen Wille mir zu helfen steht. Probably from a hymn.
46. Anna Schiele, wife of Johann Schiele.
47. If this statement is true, this was a remarkable ride considering the poor state of the roads and the lack of bridges.
48. See p. 293 n 11.
49. Psalms 46:7.
50. The Zion Church.
51. Proverbs 18:10.
52. Herr, wenn ich bedenke, wie du von der Welt her (in Gnaden und Zorn) gerichtet hast, so werde ich getrüstet. Psalms 119:52.
53. dass Er nicht umkäme. The Er is in bold type, the meaning not clear.
54. See p. 293 n 4.
55. Carl Heinrich Bogatzky, Christliche Hausschule, Halle 1755.
56. aus D. Luthers Speners und Prätori Schatzkammer der Gläubigen. See note 43 above.
JUNE 1760
1. Boltzius is alluding here to Jeremiah 17:9, which differs markedly from the King James version: Es ist das Herz ein trotzig und verzagt Ding: wer kann es ergründen.
2. This passage gave birth to the pious legend that the Salzburgers had erected a stone at Ebenezer, an impossibility in a region entirely without stones.
3. An exclamatory sentence or striking comment concluding a discourse.
4. The Beylagen were the financial accounts listing the donations collected for the Georgia Salzburgers. These assured the donors that their gifts had been properly distributed.
5. Theobald Kiefer, captain in the militia, was called “Master” because he was a boat builder. See his letter of 17 June 1750 to Francke asking whether his son Gotthilf Israel could study at Halle to become a minister. (Georgia Historical Quarterly 62 [1972] 54).
6. A reverend benefactor of the Georgia Salzburgers, whose first name is never given.
7. Hebrews 2:13.
8. Psalms 10:17.
9. A jubaku word formed from “whooping cough” and Keuchhusten.
10. Boltzius is alluding not to the rich young man in Luke 18:18-23, but to the rich man and Lazarus in Luke 16:19-31.
11. Psalms 55:19.
12. Lucia, daughter of Matthias Seckinger and his wife Anna Catharina.
13. Der so viel thut, dessen Herz und Muth kans nimmer böse meinen. From a hymn.
14. Matthew 18:20.
15. This would appear to be the pious Capt. Kiefer.
16. Her name was Maria.
17. Johann Martin Paulitsch.
18. Boltzius and the Reverend Fathers were planning to establish a retreat for superannuated Lutheran ministers from various colonies.
19. Galatians 6:7.
20. Johann Georg, son of Johann Georg Niess and his wife Catharina.
21. Nim hin das Kindlein, und säuge mirs, ich will dir lohnen. Exodus 2:9.
22. Psalms 136:1 ff.
23. Jesus Christus gestern und heute, und derselbe in Ewigkeit. Hebrews 13:8.
24. Er ist doch immer einerley, gerecht und fromm und ewig treu; und wie er unter Schmach und Leyden, so ist er auf dem Thron der Freuden, den Sündern liebreich zugethan. Mein Heiland nimt die Sunder an. From a hymn by L.F.F. Lehr beginning with these last six words.
25. Lydia, daughter of Conrad Rahn and his wife Anna Barbara.
26. The King James version differs greatly.
27. Zukerstadt. Not identified.
28. See p. 297 n 11.
29. Her name was Wilhelmina Ernestina Michler.
30. Boltzius is citing from memory. Luther gives Herr gedenke mein nach der Gnade, die du deinem Volke verheissen hast. The King James version says, “Remember me.”
31. Psalms 100:5.
32. Wenn schien alies zu zerrinnen, ward doch deiner Hülf ich innen; Was langsam schleicht, fasst man gewisser; und was verzeucht, ist desto süsser. Gib dich zufrieden. From hymns.
33. Josua. The Jerusalem Church records give the surname correctly as Taescher (purse maker).
34. See p. 306 n 34.
35. Romans 8:28.
36. Ebenezer was understood to mean “so far hath the Lord helped us.”
37. Psalms 81:11.
38. Acts 10:33.
JULY 1760
1. Boltzius had previously referred to the Swiss Reformed minister as Johann Joachim Zieblin or Zübli. The name was anglicized as Zubly. He was then the pastor of the Reformed (Calvinistic) Swiss and Germans around Vernonburg and Acton as well as in Savannah. Bartholomäus Zouberbuhler (originally Zuberbiller), also a Swiss, was the head of the English Church.
2. In 1754 the widow Altherr, formerly Boltzius’ servant Amalia Schiermeister, had married the Swiss widower Johann Altherr of Purysburg, a successful butcher. Zouberbuhler remained in Georgia and amassed a fortune.
3. The entry says bis zum 21. hujus but must refer to the month of the journal, namely June.
4. It is hard to translate the word Sinn, which seems to include plan, intention, mind, etc.
5. Johannes Arndt’s Vier Bücher vom Wahrem Christenthum, 1695 ff. in many printings, was the most popular of all Pietistic devotional works.
6. O Jesulein, dein frommer Sinn, macht, dass ich so voll Trostes bin; Hallelujah. From an unidentified hymn.
7. Boltzius and Lemke had married the sisters Gertraut and Catharina Kröhr, daughters of a Salzburger exile named Barbara Rohrmoser.
8. Ich hoffe darauf, dass du so gnädig bist; mein Herz freuet sich, dass du so gerne hülfest. Ich will dem Herrn singen, dass er so wohl, so wohl an mir tut. Psalms 13:6.
9. See p. 307 n 18.
10. The mother was (Anna) Margaretha Schubdrein (1685-1764), wife of Daniel Schubdrein (1682) from Weiher in Nassau-Saabrücken.
11. See p. 300 n 8.
12. Boltzius was well imbued with his countryman Leipniz’s theodicy. Since God is omnipotent, omniscient, and all-loving, everything He does is for our good, even if some of His actions surpass our human understanding.
13. Cöthen Gesang Buch or die Cöthenischen Lieder zum Lobe des Dreyeinigen Gottes.
14. Pfleger alter Himmelsgaben! auch Abtrinniger sollen haben von dem, was dein Herz besitzt. Sauer ward dir das Erwerben; geben kostet dir kein Sterben. Gib, was mir, doch dir nichts nützt. From a hymn.
15. See p. 297 n 10.
16. This was Christian Philip Greiner.
17. Johann Christoph Bornemann, a surgeon from Göttingen, had founded a plantation named New Goettingen near Briar Creek.
18. The child was Esther. All these deaths are recorded in the Jerusalem Church Records, ed. George F. Jones and Sheryl Exley, Baltimore 1991.
19. See p. 305 n 19.
20. See note 4 above.
21. Die Macht Gottes an kleinen Kindern. Unidentified.
22. Boltzius renders Hussar as “Ranger.”
23. This song contrasts the law of the Old Testament with the grace of the New Testament.
24. Mr. Samuel Lloyd, a Georgia Trustee interested in silk culture.
25. See p. 297 n 17.
26. The persecutions are actually described in w. 1-3.
27. August Hermann Francke, Collegium paraneticum. Halle: Weisenhaus 1724.
28. Boltzius does not make it clear whether the ihnen refers to the colleagues or to the parishioners, but the former seems more logical.
29. This last quote is in rhyme.
30. Lydia, daughter of Jacob Caspar Waldhauer and his wife Agnesia.
31. Genesis 15:1.
32. Apparently Boltzius failed to indicate, or Urlsperger deleted the fact, that Johann Georg Mayer was no longer in Ebenezer.
33. See p. 306 n 34.
34. The child, Maria Judith, was the daughter of Johann Christoph Heintz and his wife Barbara.
35. Clay eating was a symptom, not a cause, of hookworm disease.
36. See note 5 above.
37. See p. 300 n 9.
38. Psalms 37:4-5.
39. This is James 1:2.
40. All three had studied in Halle. For the use of “other” see p. 300 n 2.
41. This appears in Luther’s translation as Romans 11:33, but it does not appear in the King James version.
42. Maria, the wife of Johann Georg Niess.
AUGUST 1760
1. See p. 294 n 13.
2. See p. 297 n 10.
3. “Hope does not cause disgrace.”
4. This ailment, often mentioned, is never described.
5. It is surprising that Boltzius does not mention that one of the Greiner children died on the flight to Ebenezer.
6. This marriage is not recorded in the Jerusalem Church Records.
7. Governor James Wright, the most popular of the colonial governors, did not arrive until October.
8. In the 18th Century it was not unusual to translate personal names.
9. This was a rather early reference to the Indians’ use of rifles. Braddock should have learned his lesson.
10. Johann Porst, Compendium Theologiae Viatorum & Regenitorum Practicae, oder die Göttliche Führung der Seelen… Halle 1723.
11. Margaretha Schweighoffer, one of the first Salzburgers, died six years later at the age of eighty-three. The son-in-law was Johann Martin Paulitsch.
12. Wer alies fahren lässt, und Jesum bey sich trägt, der hat den besten Grund im Christenthum gelegt. From a hymn. The peculiar word Klaue “claw” is an allusion to Exodus 10:26, where it means a cloven hoof. It is rendered as “hoof” in the King James Bible.
13. This death was not recorded in the Jerusalem Church Records.
14. For the Pietist meaning of “temptations” see p. 305 n 19.
15. This is a good description of Anfechtungen.
16. See note 10 above.
17. Translated as Geistliche Anfechtungen.
18. Peter Arnsdorf, see entries of August 2 and 9.
19. Acts 21:14.
20. See p. 294 n 13.
21. John 1:29.
22. Johann Tauler was a medieval German mystic. The D. E. in question seems to be Mrs. David Eischberger.
23. Gevatterbrief. In 1526 Luther sent a letter to all Christian Readers outlining the duties of sponsors in baptism.
24. Tabula Oeconomica or Tischreden. Converstions between Luther and his disciples at dinner.
25. Ziegenbalg was a Lutheran missionary in East India. See p. 297 n 17.
26. Such long and rambling sentences are typical of sermons. They reveal feeling rather than intellect.
27. Named Conrad.
28. Jeremiah 5:3.
SEPTEMBER 1760
1. Verzeichniss der fürnehmsten Gaben und Wohltaten Gottes nach den drey Artikeln des christlichen Glaubens Eingerichtet.
2. Christian Israel Gronau, the late second minister at Ebenezer.
3. Philipp Jacob Spener, Die Lautere Milch des Evangelii.
4. 1 Corinthians 2:12. Boltzius is not following Luther exactly.
5. Young Paul Demere had just relieved his brother Raymond, who had squabbled with the obstinate and irascible engineer Wilhelm Gerhard de Brahm, the builder of the fort. As a result, it was Paul who was put to the torture by the Indians.
6. Rothlauf, any disease, like erypelis, that causes the patient to turn red.
7. Psalms 143:10.
8. “Misery” (Elend), here and elsewhere, means sin in Pietist parlance.
9. Catharina, daughter of Jacob Metzger (Metzcher) and his wife Margaretha.
10. The chills and fever of malaria.
11. Allusion to Ephesians 3:20.
12. These were probably (Anna) Maria, née Heinrich, widow of Paulus Zittrauer, who died in 1758, and Pieta Clara, widow Haefner, wife of Adam Straube, who died in 1757.
13. Error for James Wright.
14. The Fort Loudon massacre is related in Louis De Vorsey, Jr., De Brahm’s Report of the General Survey in the Southern District of North America, Columbia, S.C. 1967.
15. See p. 294n 13.
16. See p. 297 n 10.
17. Wernigerodische Lieder Sammlung.
18. See p. 308 n 13.
19. Psalms 145:18.
20. Another name of Saxe Gotha, a German settlement on the Congarees River.
21. The Protestant exiles from Upper Austria had resided for some time in Regensburg, the seat of the Diet, in hopes of recovering their young children, who had been held back by the Catholic authorities.
22. John 1:47.
23. Having spoken scores of languages along a thousand mile coast of Africa, the slaves had no common language and had to communicate with the words they heard from their masters, albeit using their previous speech patterns to some extent. This patois, called Gullah, has lasted to the present on the coastal islands of South Carolina and Georgia.
24. Genesis 32:10.
25. Lamentations 3:22.
26. Sirach 50:24. This book is included in the Luther translation but not in the King James version.
27. Acts 14:22.
28. Obviously the widow Zittrauer. See entry for 16 Sept. It is unknown whether Boltzius omitted the name or Urlsperger deleted it.
29. Psalms 68:19.
30. Psalms 68:19-21. The King James Bible differs greatly from the Luther translation.
31. Boltzius is paraphrasing Ephesians 3:20.
32. Ay, so fass, o Christenherz, alle deine Schmerzen, wirf sie fröhlich hinterwärts; lass des Trostes Kerzen dich entzünden mehr und mehr; gib dem grossen Namen deines Gottes Preis und Ehr: Er wird helfen Amen!, from the hymn Schwing dich auf zu deinem Gott, by Paul Gerhardt.
OCTOBER 1760
1. Sicherheit meant the false assurance that one can achieve salvation on one’s own merits rather than those of Jesus.
2. In the church records this name appears as both Paulitsch and Paulus.
3. See p. 300 n 8.
4. i.e., Zion Church.
5. Wenn du mich demütigst, machst du mich gross. The King James version differs greatly.
6. Anton Wilhelm Böhme, predecessor of Ziegenhagen as Royal Chaplain of the court chapel.
7. Geh die wahre Demuth ein, wilt du recht geehret sein. From a hymn.
8. Gottlieb, son of Johannes Rentz and his wife Barbara. He lived only seven months.
9. This must be a typographical error for Febricitanten, meaning persons suffering from fever.
10. Lass, dir, Seele, doch vor allen Deinen JEsum wohl gefallen, from a hymn.
11. In the Luther Bible it is verse 12.
12. Sirach 50:22 (see p. 306 n 39). Luther’s translation says “Now thank.”
13. August Hermann Francke, Idea studiosi Theologia oder Abbildung eines der Theologie beflissenen… Halle: Waysenhaus 1712; Nicodemus Oder Tractätlein von der Menschenfurcht… Halle: Waisenhaus 1726.
14. See p. 309 n 35.
15. In the King James Bible this is Psalms 12:12.
16. August Hermann Francke, Christus in uns.
17. Chlorosis and cacherie both denote “green sickness” or anemia.
18. Sternkraut (asteraceae). A stellate flower.
19. Hammerschlag (iron oxide).
20. The University of Georgia Press does not endorse this remedy.
21. 1 John 1:7.
22. Im Himmel ist gut wohnen, hinauf steht mein Begier: da wird Gott ewig lohnen dem, der ihm dient allhier. From the hymn Valet will ich dir geben, by Valerius Herrberger.
23. Psalms 81:10.
24. Mitten wir im Leben sind mit dem Tod umfangen. The opening line of a hymn by Martin Luther. See Appendix, p. 290.
25. Although the English paid for scalps, they were always highly indignant when their own people or Indian allies were scalped. We are not told how this Indian proved whose scalps he had brought.
26. It was reported that he was put to the petit feu, with pine splinters thrust into his flesh and then ignited and allowed to burn slowly.
27. This must have been upland rice, since there is no fresh water in the area of Bethesda.
28. The College of New Jersey, later renamed Princeton.
29. See p. 301 n 1.
30. Psalms 119:92.
31. See p. 305 n 19.
32. Allusion to Luke 7:6-10.
33. He is referring to the Imitation of Christ, a popular medieval text by Thomas à Kempis.
NOVEMBER 1760
1. The Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, the charitable organization in London that supported the pastors and teachers in Ebenezer.
2. Wollten sie sich aber zum Ziel legen.
3. Psalms 106:1.
5. Wisdom of Solomon 11:16. This book is found in the Apocrypha and Luther, but not in the King James version.
6. Matthew 7:2.
7. George Washington, as a Virginian, understood this, General Braddock did not.
8. Surely an error for White.
9. Revelations 3:11.
10. Ihr habt Gnade gefunden, und die kan euch bey alien innerlichen und äusserlichen Creutz genug seyn. Cf Genesis 18:3, Exodus 33:12, Luke 1:30. 2 Corinthians 4:10-11.
11. The late Dr. Paul Anton, one of Boltzius’ mentors at Halle.
12. Carl Heinrich Bogatzky, Die Uebung der Gottseligkeit in allerlei Geistlichen Liedern. Halle 1750.
13. Unterhirten. Apparently the subordinate clergymen.
14. Führ, o Hirte deiner Heerden, Schaaf und Lämmer aus und ein: lass die (da) Un-Feinde Schnauben: O Herr, gib nur glauben, mach uns munter, stark und frisch; und lass der Unwürdigen lobendes Lallen, dem Vater durch deine Vermittlung gefallen. From a hymn.
15. See note 33 above.
16. Boltzius calls the schoolmaster both Paulitsch and Paulus.
17. It is not clear how, if there were no children from the two marriages, the woman still had the smallest child from the first marriage, unless Boltzius meant she had no grown male children.
18. These are not listed in the Ebenezer Church records.
19. Those who believe that Jesus will come down in person and rule the world.
20. des seligen Herrn D. Langens Unterricht von der Kindertaufe in seiner Mittelstrase. This refers to Joachim Lange, Die richtige Mittel-Strasse, zwischen den Abwegen der Absonderung von der euserlichen Gemeinschaft der Kirchen….. Halle, 1712.
21. See p. 294 n 10.
22. Boltzius seems to be combining Zechariah 9:9 with Matthew 21:5.
23. Welche nun gefänglich eingezogen sind.
24. The word is clearly printed aufrrecken.
25. Abigail, daughter of Johann Georg Gnann and his wife Anna.
DECEMBER 1760
1. Because the Luther translation says, “Wer Ohren hat,” Boltzius adds (Gr. ein Ohr).
2. Christliche Freundschaft und geistliche Verwandschaft.
3. August Hermann Francke, Abbot Breithaupt, and Paul Anton.
4. Inspector and Pastor Schütte. Unidentified.
5. Gotthilf Israel Boltzius, then a student at Halle.
6. Superiors, magistrates, overseers, in this case, his ecclesiastical superiors.
7. Here “misery” (Elend) means sinfulness, and “own justification” (eigene Gerechtigkeit) means “self-justification,” the sin of thinking oneself able to achieve salvation through one’s own merits.
8. Doch er will nicht viel Zungen haben: nur eins ist, das sein Herz kan laben: ein Herz, dass ihn nur liebt allein. Das wollst du, O Jesu schenken; so will ich stets bey mir gedenken: Mein Hirt ist mein, und ich bin sein. This is quoted from a hymn.
9. Tobit 12:20 says, “And now give thanks to God, for I am ascending to him who sent me. Write in a book everything that has happened.” Tobit is in the Apocrypha and in Luther, but not in the King James version.
10. The Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge.
11. denn wir haben eine veste Stadtmauren und Wehre sind Heil. Boltzius means that they have a mighty fortress and defense (in God).
12. Medications prepared by Dr. Christian Friedrich Richter, professor at Halle.
13. Allusion to the hymn Er hat alies wohl gemacht.
14. See p. 300 n 8.
15. See p. 303 n 32.